Origin: A Genetic History of the Americas

interest to all persons engaged in archaeological work.”
19. See https://naturalhistory.si.edu/education/teaching-resources/socialstudies/forensic-anthropology.
20. But see Elizabeth A. DiGangi and Jonathan D. Bethard, “Uncloaking a
Lost Cause: Decolonizing Ancestry Estimation in the United States,”
American Journal of Physical Anthropology 175 (2021): 422–436,
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.
21. For a thorough discussion of this issue by a Black biological
anthropologist, see Carlina de la Colva, “Marginalized Bodies and the
Construction of the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection: A
Promised Land Lost,” in Bioarchaeology of Marginalized Peoples,
edited by Madeleine Mant and Alyson Holland (Cambridge, MA:
Elsevier, 2019). Also see “Haunted by My Teaching Skeleton,” by
Asian American primatologist and human biologist Michelle Rodrigues,
https://www.sapiens.org/archaeology/where-do-teaching-skeletonscome-from/.
22. Review of Elizabeth Weiss and James W. Springer’s book Repatriation
and Erasing the Past,
https://journals.kent.ac.uk/index.php/transmotion/article/view/993/1919.
Smiles also discusses issues regarding Indigenous sovereignty over their
own bodies in a related context—state-mandated autopsies—in a recent
article, “ ‘… to the Grave’—Autopsy, Settler Structures, and Indigenous
Counter-Conduct,” Geoforum 91 (2018): 141–150.
23. Aleš Hrdlička, “The Genesis of the American Indian,” in Proceedings of
the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists (International
Congress of Americanists, 1917).
24 Aleš Hrdlička, Physical Anthropology of the Lenape or Delawares, and
of the Eastern Indians in General (Government Printing Office, 1916),
doi: https://doi.org/10.5479/sil.451251.39088016090649.
25. It is arguably still entrenched today. The history of race and
anthropology is a vast subject, one which I can’t do justice to in the
short summary offered here. This survey focuses on race and the history
of physical anthropology in the United States as it pertains to Native
American origins, using the following sources: Michael L. Blakey,
“Intrinsic Social and Political Bias in the History of American Physical
Anthropology: With Special Reference to the Work of Aleš Hrdlička,”