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The Sacred Hoop: Recovering the Feminine in American Indian Traditions

by Paula Gunn Allen

by Paula Gunn Allen

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<strong>the</strong>m, he says, “Enough … mo<strong>the</strong>rs, chiefs.” 32 He greets <strong>the</strong>m<br />

this way to acknowledge <strong>the</strong>ir power, a power that <strong>in</strong>cludes<br />

everyth<strong>in</strong>g: long life, growth, old age, and life dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />

daytime. Not all <strong>the</strong> entities <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> story are addressed<br />

<strong>in</strong> this fashion. Only those who command great respect are so<br />

titled. Yellow Woman herself is acknowledged “<strong>the</strong> mo<strong>the</strong>r of<br />

all of us” by <strong>the</strong> kats<strong>in</strong>a chief or spokesman when he pledges <strong>the</strong><br />

kats<strong>in</strong>a’s aid <strong>in</strong> her rescue. 33 Many more examples of <strong>the</strong><br />

practice exist among tribes, and all underscore that mo<strong>the</strong>rness<br />

is a highly valued characteristic.<br />

But its value signifies someth<strong>in</strong>g o<strong>the</strong>r than <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>d of<br />

sentimental respect for mo<strong>the</strong>rhood that is reflected <strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>American</strong>s’ Mo<strong>the</strong>r’s Day observances. It is ritually powerful, a<br />

condition of be<strong>in</strong>g that confers <strong>the</strong> highest adeptship on whoever<br />

bears <strong>the</strong> title. So central to ritual activities is it <strong>in</strong> <strong>Indian</strong><br />

cultures that men are honored by <strong>the</strong> name mo<strong>the</strong>r, recogniz<strong>in</strong>g<br />

and pay<strong>in</strong>g respect to <strong>the</strong>ir spiritual and occult competence. That<br />

competence derives entirely from Mo<strong>the</strong>r Iyatiku, and, through<br />

her, from Thought Woman herself.<br />

A strong attitude <strong>in</strong>tegrally connects <strong>the</strong> power of Orig<strong>in</strong>al<br />

Th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g or Creation Th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> power of mo<strong>the</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g. That<br />

power is not so much <strong>the</strong> power to give birth, as we have noted,<br />

but <strong>the</strong> power to make, to create, to transform. Ritual, as noted<br />

elsewhere, means transform<strong>in</strong>g someth<strong>in</strong>g from one state or<br />

condition to ano<strong>the</strong>r, and that ability is <strong>in</strong>herent <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> action of<br />

mo<strong>the</strong>r<strong>in</strong>g. It is <strong>the</strong> ability that is sought and treasured by adepts,<br />

and it is <strong>the</strong> ability that male seekers devote years of study and<br />

discipl<strong>in</strong>e to acquire. Without it, no practice of <strong>the</strong> sacred is<br />

possible, at least not with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Great Mo<strong>the</strong>r societies.<br />

And as <strong>the</strong> cultures that are woman-centered and Mo<strong>the</strong>rritual<br />

based are also cultures that value peacefulness, harmony,<br />

cooperation, health, and general prosperity, <strong>the</strong>y are systems of<br />

thought and practice that would bear deeper study <strong>in</strong> our

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