Simon Iwnicki (Editor)_ Maksym Spiryagin (Editor)_ Colin Cole (Editor)_ Tim McSweeney (Editor) - Handbook of Railway Vehicle Dynamics, Second Edition-CRC Press (2019)

20
Scale Testing Theory
and Approaches
Nicola Bosso, Paul D. Allen and Nicolò Zampieri
CONTENTS
20.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................826
20.2 A Brief History of Scaled Roller Rigs.................................................................................827
20.3 Roller Rigs: The Scaling Problem.......................................................................................827
20.3.1 The Scaling Strategy of UoH.................................................................................828
20.3.1.1 Principles..............................................................................................828
20.3.1.2 Materials.............................................................................................. 829
20.3.1.3 Equations of Motion............................................................................. 829
20.3.1.4 Scaling and Wheel-Rail/Roller Forces................................................830
20.3.2 The Scaling Strategy of DLR................................................................................ 832
20.3.3 The Scaling Strategy of INRETS..........................................................................834
20.3.4 Tabular Comparison of Scaling Strategies............................................................ 836
20.4 Scaling Errors...................................................................................................................... 837
20.5 Survey of Current Scaled Roller Rigs.................................................................................. 838
20.5.1 The Scaled Rig of DLR......................................................................................... 838
20.5.1.1 Design Overview.................................................................................. 839
20.5.2 The Scaled Rig of UoH.......................................................................................... 839
20.5.2.1 Design Overview.................................................................................. 839
20.5.3 The Scaled Rig of INRETS................................................................................... 841
20.5.3.1 Design Overview.................................................................................. 841
20.5.4 The Scaled Rig of Politecnico di Torino............................................................... 843
20.5.4.1 Design Overview..................................................................................844
20.5.5 The Scaled Rig of VT-FRA................................................................................... 847
20.5.5.1 Design Overview..................................................................................847
20.5.6 The Scaled Rig of CTU.........................................................................................849
20.5.6.1 Design Overview..................................................................................849
20.5.6.2 Test Bogie.............................................................................................850
20.6 Scaled Prototype Testing on Track...................................................................................... 851
20.7 Scaled Prototypes: Typical Applications............................................................................. 853
20.7.1 Dynamic Track Simulator.....................................................................................854
20.7.1.1 Hunting Stability..................................................................................854
20.7.1.2 Contact Force Estimation..................................................................... 855
20.7.1.3 Other Vehicle Dynamic Studies...........................................................856
20.7.2 Tribology Studies...................................................................................................856
20.7.2.1 Adhesion.............................................................................................. 857
20.7.2.2 Wear.....................................................................................................860
20.7.3 Hardware in the Loop Applications and Control Systems.................................... 862
20.8 Conclusions..........................................................................................................................863
Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................................863
References.......................................................................................................................................864
825