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OVERVIEW APPENDIX D: GROUNDING (EARTHING) ELECTRODE SYSTEM TESTING/VERIFICATION D.1 OVERVIEW Testing can be performed using one of the following three methods described in this chapter: • Fall-of-Potential Testing This method is the most widely accepted. However, performing the test may require access to areas that may be beyond the site property lines. When testing a grounding electrode system consisting of a multi-bonded/multi-grounding electrode system, the distance required for testing is directly related to the effective diagonal distance of the buried grounding electrode system. • Clamp-on ohmmeter This method should be used when access to necessary space needed for the fall-of-potential test is not available. However, the clamp-on ohmmeter test can only be performed after the AC utilities have been connected to the site and various feed conductors are accessible. • Combined Soil Resistivity Testing with Clamp-on Ohmmeter Testing This method should only be used in special cases where fall-of-potential testing or clamp-on ohmmeter testing cannot directly provide a suitable evaluation. The data obtained from soil resistivity testing and clamp-on ohmmeter testing is then used by an engineering firm specializing in grounding electrode system design to make determinations regarding the grounding electrode system. D.2 PREREQUISITES FOR TESTING The following conditions must be met in order to perform grounding electrode system testing: • Fall-of-Potential testing is possible only if the following conditions can be met: • Sufficient land area must be available to perform a fall-of-potential test. The reference probe may likely need to be inserted into soil that is beyond the site fence or property line. Testing using a clamp-on ohmmeter may be an option in these cases. • The grounding electrode system must be able to be isolated from the power company grounded conductor (may be a neutral wire) and other utility grounds. • Clamp-on ohmmeter testing is possible only if the following conditions can be met: • The site must be supplied with commercial power. Sites supplied only by a generator or other non-commercial power may not be suitable for clamp-on ohmmeter testing. • A neutral wire must be present as part of the power company service. • A neutral wire must be part of an extensive power company grounding system. In systems such as 3-phase delta service, the neutral wire may not be part of the extensive power company grounding system. • The grounding electrode system must be connected to the power company grounded conductor (may be a neutral wire). • For sites using a multi-bonded/multi-grounding electrode system (commonly used at communications sites), a point on the neutral wire before its first bond to the site must be available for using the clamp-on ohmmeter. • For a single grounding electrode system, the grounding electrode conductor must be accessible to the clamp-on ohmmeter at a point between the grounding electrode and any other connection (such as the telephone company ground or a metallic pipe). D-2 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05
STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUNICATION SITES PREREQUISITES FOR TESTING • Combined soil resistivity/clamp-on ohmmeter testing is possible only if the following conditions can be met: • The system must be such that gathering of individual grounding electrode system component values with a clamp-on-ohmmeter can be available for use by an engineering firm. • A soil resistivity profile for the site has been performed and is available for use by an engineering firm. If these conditions cannot be met, an added supplemental grounding electrode system can be installed. This supplemental grounding electrode system can be installed and tested prior to its connection to the existing system. This supplemental system should be installed in such a manner as to allow an easy disconnect point for future testing. Adjacent Building Communications Shelter LOCATION OF GROUND TEST WELL GROUND TEST WELL DETAIL May be used as location for clamp-on ohmmeter Adjacent Building Adjacent Building FIGURE D-1 SUPPLEMENTAL GROUNDING ELECTRODE SYSTEM WITH TEST LOCATION 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05 D-3
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© 2005 MOTOROLA, INC. ALL RIGHTS R
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introd
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STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUN
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 This manua
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CHAPTER 2 SITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPME
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CHAPTER 3 COMMUNICATION SITE BUILDI
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CHAPTER 4 EXTERNAL GROUNDING (EARTH
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CHAPTER 5 INTERNAL GROUNDING (EARTH
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CHAPTER 6 POWER SOURCES 6 6.1 LOCKO
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CHAPTER 7 SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES
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CHAPTER 8 MINIMIZING SITE INTERFERE
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CHAPTER 9 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION 9
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APPENDIX A ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY I
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Page 421 and 422: STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUN
Page 433 and 434: APPENDIX B SOIL RESISTIVITY MEASURE
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Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX F R56 COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
Page 509 and 510: I NDEX Index Index AC power cabling
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