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FOUNDATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION CHAPTER 2: SITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT 2.10.2 CONCRETE FOUNDATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS This paragraph describes the design and construction considerations and requirements for communications site concrete foundations, including prefabricated communications shelter foundations and tower foundations. NOTE: If concrete encased electrodes (Ufer grounds) are to be utilized, they must be addressed, engineered and installed before the concrete is poured. See“Concrete-Encased Electrodes” on page 4-20. 2.10.2.1 PLANNING • Foundation design for prefabricated shelters and other equipment shall be based upon site soil conditions as noted in the geotechnical report. These foundation plans for buildings and ancillary equipment shall be designed by a licensed Professional Engineer and the design shall be included in the construction drawing package. • A Professional Engineer or contracting firm shall determine whether the soil is adequate to properly support the concrete foundation or slab. The Professional Engineer or contracting firm shall determine the excavation depth and the required fill, if required. • To ensure personnel safety, all excavations shall be conducted in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) safety and excavation regulations, or other applicable Occupational Safety and Health standards and/or local safety regulations (whichever is most stringent). • All foundation designs shall be approved by contracted Professional Engineer or contracting firm prior to commencement of work. • A concrete foundation is typically used for building and shelter installations. If a foundation is used, the foundation shall be appropriate for the structure. • All foundation construction shall be performed by a qualified contractor specializing in this work. • If a site is to use concrete-encased grounding electrodes within the foundation or other concrete structures, appropriate measures shall be taken to accommodate the grounding system within a concrete structure before the concrete is poured. (See Chapter 4, “External Grounding (Earthing),” for additional information.) • A foundation for a prefabricated shelter shall be built in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and site specific soil conditions. The Architectural and Engineering firm providing the construction drawings will coordinate and include final foundation designs in the drawings. • Foundation design shall consider any precipitation conditions unique to the location. These considerations include (but are not limited to) elevated (pier type) platforms used in low-lying areas prone to regular flooding, and elevated foundations used to prevent burial of site due to snowfall. Special foundation designs include: • Footings • Piers • Columns • Grade beams 2-12 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05
STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUNICATION SITES FOUNDATION DESIGN AND INSTALLATION 2.10.2.2 PREPARATION 2.10.2.3 POURING • All excavations on which concrete is to be placed shall be substantially horizontal on undisturbed and unfrozen soil and shall be free of loose material and excess ground water. Methods for removing excess ground water shall be provided if required. • The foundation area shall be graded to provide water runoff and prevent water from standing. The final grade shall slope away in all directions from the foundation. • Concrete forms of wood, metal centering, cores, molds, and so forth, shall be used as required for the proper execution of the plain and reinforced concrete work. Sufficient quantities shall be used to properly execute and expedite work without endangering the safety or strength of any part of the construction. • All forming shall be true and rigid, thoroughly braced, and sufficiently strong to safely carry all dead and live loads to which it may be subjected. The elimination of forming by a monolithic pour against undisturbed soil shall be allowed only if approved by a soils engineer and/or a qualified Motorola representative. • All steel reinforcement shall be furnished and installed in accordance with the approved foundation drawing. Unless otherwise specified or shown on plans, reinforcement shall consist of preformed bars of intermediate grade, manufactured from new billet stock. Metal reinforcement shall conform to the requirements of the latest version of Specifications for Deformation of Preformed Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement, ASTM A615-68, or applicable jurisdictional code, whichever is more stringent. • Anchors, bolts, and miscellaneous iron work shall be set as shown in the drawings before pouring concrete. Embedded items shall be held rigidly in place during placing and curing of concrete. Placing rebar in position as the concrete is placed shall not be permitted. • Concrete shall be vibrated and thoroughly consolidated around all embedded items. • At least one week prior to all concrete pours, the proposed concrete mix design shall be submitted to Motorola or its contractor for verification of design specifications. • When concrete is placed, certificates shall be furnished for each delivery vehicle or every 5.4 m3 (7 cu. Yds), showing the mix proportions, additives, compressive strength, and the brand name and type of cement. • Concrete shall be so deposited that there will be no separation or segregation of aggregate. Maximum free drop shall not exceed 2.43 m (8 ft.). • Concrete shall not be placed when the outdoor temperature is below 4.5° C (40 degrees F) nor when the concrete is likely to be subjected to freezing temperatures before final set, except when adequate provisions have been made for protection. When deposited in the forms, the concrete shall have a temperature of not less than 15.5° C (60° F) and not more than 32° C (90° F). A suitable means shall be provided to maintain the temperature above 10° C (50° F) for 7 days. The materials shall be heated before mixing to prevent concrete from freezing. 2.10.2.4 BACKFILLING • After completion of the foundation and other construction below grade, and before backfilling, all excavations shall be clean of vegetation, trash, debris, and inorganic materials. 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05 2-13
Page 1 and 2: © 2005 MOTOROLA, INC. ALL RIGHTS R
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introd
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STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUN
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CHAPTER 5 INTERNAL GROUNDING (EARTH
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CHAPTER 6 POWER SOURCES 6 6.1 LOCKO
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CHAPTER 7 SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES
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CHAPTER 8 MINIMIZING SITE INTERFERE
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CHAPTER 9 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION 9
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APPENDIX A ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY I
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APPENDIX B SOIL RESISTIVITY MEASURE
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APPENDIX C PROTECTING AGAINST ELECT
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APPENDIX D GROUNDING (EARTHING) ELE
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APPENDIX E GENERAL CONVERSIONS AND
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APPENDIX F R56 COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
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I NDEX Index Index AC power cabling
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