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GROUNDING (EARTHING) ELECTRODE SYSTEM COMPONENT AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS CHAPTER 4: EXTERNAL GROUNDING (EARTHING) #2 AWG BARE COPPER WIRE TO GROUND RING (MINIMUM) FIGURE 4-16 TYPICAL GROUND PLATE INSTALLATION • A grounding electrode encasement material should be used to backfill around the ground plate to help insure effective contact with the earth (BS 7430:1998, clause 10). See “Grounding (Earthing) Electrode Encasement Materials” on page 4-27. 4.4.1.5 CONCRETE-ENCASED ELECTRODES TOP EDGE OF PLATE 762 mm (30 IN.) BELOW GRADE SITE SOIL BACKFILL L MA ATERIAL 152 mm MINIMUM (6 IN.) ON ALL SIDES GROUND PLATE A 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) EXOTHERMIC CONNECTION Though concrete-encased electrodes (also known as Ufer electrodes, named after Herbert G. Ufer, or foundation earth electrodes) are not required by this standard, they should be used in new construction as a method of supplementing the grounding (earthing) electrode system (IEC 61024-1-2, section 3.3.5). Concrete-encased electrodes (Figure 4-17) enhance the effectiveness of the grounding electrode system in two ways: the concrete absorbs and retains moisture from the surrounding soil, and the concrete provides a much larger surface area in direct contact with the surrounding soil. This is especially helpful at sites with high soil resistivity and/or limited area for installing a grounding electrode system. See IEEE STD 142-1991 section 4.2.3, and the International Association of Electrical Inspectors publication, Soares Book on Grounding and Bonding, 9th Edition, Appendix A for additional information. Requirements for a concrete-encased electrode, if used, are listed below (IEC 61024-1-2; NFPA 70-2005, Article 250.52; and NFPA 780-2004, section 4.13.3). • Concrete-encased electrodes shall be encased by at least 51 mm (2 in.) of concrete, located within and near the bottom of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth. • Concrete-encased electrodes shall be at least 6.1 m (20 ft.) of bare copper conductor not smaller than 25 mm 2 csa (#4 AWG) or at least 6.1 m (20 ft.) of one or more bare or zinc galvanized or other conductive coated steel reinforcing bars or rods at least 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) in diameter. • Concrete-encased electrodes shall be bonded to any other grounding electrode system at the site. See “Common Grounding (Earthing)” on page 4-5. 4-20 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05
STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUNICATION SITES GROUNDING (EARTHING) ELECTRODE SYSTEM COMPONENT AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 25 mm 2 CSA (#4 AWG) OR COARSER BARE COPPER CONDUCTOR OR STEEL REINFORCING BAR OR ROD, NOT LESS THAN 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) DIAMETER AND AT LEAST 6.1 m (20 ft) LONG 51 mm (2 in.) MINIMUM GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR NONMETALLIC PROTECTIVE SLEEVE CONNECTION LISTED FOR THE PURPOSE FOUNDATION IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH EARTH CLAMP SUITABLE FOR ENCASEMENT OR EXOTHERMIC WELD MINIMUM 6.1 m (20 ft) SIDE VIEW MINIMUM 6.1 m (20 ft) SIDE VIEW 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) REBAR (TYPICAL) FIGURE 4-17 TYPICAL CONCRETE-ENCASED ELECTRODES 25 mm 2 csa (#4 AWG) COPPER CONDUCTOR END VIEW END VIEW 68P81089E50-B 9/1/05 4-21
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© 2005 MOTOROLA, INC. ALL RIGHTS R
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introd
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STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMUN
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 This manua
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CHAPTER 2 SITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPME
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CHAPTER 5 INTERNAL GROUNDING (EARTH
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CHAPTER 6 POWER SOURCES 6 6.1 LOCKO
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CHAPTER 7 SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES
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CHAPTER 8 MINIMIZING SITE INTERFERE
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CHAPTER 9 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION 9
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APPENDIX A ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY I
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APPENDIX B SOIL RESISTIVITY MEASURE
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APPENDIX C PROTECTING AGAINST ELECT
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APPENDIX D GROUNDING (EARTHING) ELE
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APPENDIX E GENERAL CONVERSIONS AND
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APPENDIX F R56 COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
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I NDEX Index Index AC power cabling
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