Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...

66
Session 3B — E. Arseniuk and P.C. Czembor
Table 5. Origin of Stagonospora nodorum isolates.
against mean virulence of the
No. Isolate name Host Geographic origin (location)
isolates. Similarly, the variance
1 Lb-2-1 triticale Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie
among isolates for virulence to
2
3
4
Lb-3-1
Lb-4-1
Z-20-1
triticale
triticale
triticale
Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie
Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie
Zadabrowie. woj. przemyskie
individual cultivars/lines was
regressed against mean resistance
5
6
7
Z-22-1
Gw-3-1
TS87-1-1
triticale
triticale
triticale
Zadabrowie. woj. przemyskie
Grodkowice, woj. krakowskie
Z¸rich, Switzerland
of the cultivars/lines expressed on
the 0-9 scale.
8 Wen-1-1 winter wheat Weneda Elblag, woj. torunskie
9
10
Ml-2-1
Ch-9-1
triticale
triticale
Malyszyn, woj. gorzowskie
Choryn, woj. poznanskie Results
11 Wr-6-1 triticale Wrocikowo, woj. olsztynskie
12 Ch90-3-1 triticale Chelm, woj. chelmskie
13 Rd93-1-1 triticale Radzików, woj. warszawskie
All isolates of S. nodorum used
14
15
T91-1-4
Lu90-1-1
triticale
triticale
Torun, woj. torunskie
Lucmierz, woj. lódzkie
in the study were pathogenic to
leaves and to heads of all triticale
and bread wheat cultivars (Tables
2, 6, 3, 4). On average, the disease
Table 6. The expression of virulence by 15 Stagonospora nodorum isolates and their mixture (a composite
isolate) on heads of 11 winter triticale (t) and 4 winter wheat (w) cultivars under field conditions.
on leaves was 2-3 times
more severe than on
No. Isolate
Almo Ugo
(t) (t)
Malno Lasko Grado Dagro Bolero Presto Largo
(t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t)
LAD-
285 (t)
DAD-
187 (t)
Alba Jawa Begra Liwilla
(w) (w) (w) (w) Mean
heads. Some of the
isolates did not cause
1 Lb-2-1 0.7* 0.8 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.1 1.8 2.9 2.7 1.8 1.4
disease on heads of
2 Lb-3-1 1.2 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 2.5 1.6 2.7 3.6 3.6 1.9 2.0 spring triticale genotypes
3
4
5
Lb-4-1
Z-20-1
Z-22-1
1.3
0.5
0.9
1.4
0.6
0.8
2.2
0.7
1.1
2.1
0.6
1.2
2.5
1.9
1.2
2.8
1.1
1.8
1.8
0.7
0.8
1.8
0.8
1.3
1.8
0.9
1.0
3.1
1.2
2.1
1.8
0.9
1.6
2.3
1.6
2.3
3.6
2.3
3.2
3.2
2.0
2.9
2.3
1.6
1.9
2.3
1.2
1.6
(Table 4). The lack of
disease was due to low
6 Gw-3-1 2.1 2.1 3.2 2.7 2.5 3.6 2.1 2.8 2.0 3.5 2.6 4.2 5.2 4.4 3.8 3.1 rainfall and drought
7
8
TS87-1-1
Wen-1-1
1.8
1.6
2.1
2.2
3.2
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.3
3.3
3.7
3.4
2.2
1.8
2.8
2.3
2.6
2.2
4.0
3.6
2.5
2.6
3.3
3.4
4.9
4.5
4.1
3.9
3.7
2.7
3.1
2.9
during the summers. In
9 Ml-2-1 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 2.3 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.8 1.0 1.7 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.3 spite of the adverse
10
11
12
Ch-9-1
Wr-6-1
Ch90-3-1
0.7
1.4
1.4
0.5
1.3
1.3
0.6
1.8
2.2
0.7
1.6
2.3
0.9
1.5
2.8
0.9
2.4
3.2
0.7
1.3
1.5
0.7
1.7
1.8
0.6
1.4
1.6
1.3
2.4
3.1
1.0
1.7
2.1
1.2
2.4
2.7
2.1
3.5
4.3
1.9
3.2
3.3
2.9
2.8
2.6
1.1
2.0
2.4
weather, the same
isolates were able to
13 Rd93-1-1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.8 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.1 2.6 2.4 3.6 1.7 cause the disease on
14
15
T91-1-4 0.6
Lu90-1-1 1.0
0.5
0.9
1.0
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7
2.1
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.6
1.8
2.6
1.2
1.4
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.5
2.6
2.7
1.8
2.4
1.5
1.9
heads of more SNB
16 Mixture 1.1 1.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 3.0 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.6 1.7 2.7 4.0 3.3 2.8 2.3 susceptible wheat
Mean 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.2 1.5 1.4 2.4 1.6 2.4 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 cultivars.
LSD0.01 = 0.141 - for virulence of isolates on heads; LSD0.01 = 0.136 for reaction of cultivars on heads.
* Mean score on a 0-9 scale of 3 SNB scorings per season ¥ 6 blocks over 3 growing seasons.
Due to a large
number degrees of freedom and
Table 7. Analysis of variance for the amount of SNB on leaves and heads of 5 spring triticale low error values, most of the
and 3 spring wheat cultivars scored on a 0-9 digit scale (0 = resistant, 9 = susceptible) under
field conditions.
Leaves Heads
Source of Mean F Proba- Mean F Probavariation
D. f. Square value bility D. f. Square value bility
sources of variation included in the
analysis of variance (Tables 1 and 7)
proved to be significant. The main
effects of cultivars and isolates
Blocks (B) 4 844.03 18.13 0.01 4 13.17 1.84 0.28
were highly significant. It is
Scoring dates (R.d.) 3 1553.60 33.37 0.00 1 39.55 5.52 0.08 noticeable that the effect of isolates
Error (B × S.d.)
Cultivars (C)
Isolates (I)
12
7
15
46.56
193.32
11.3
272.50
15.65
0.00
0.00
4
7
15
7.17
238.49
4.58
552.86
10.62
0.00
0.00
was smaller than that of cultivars.
This would indicate that the
C × I
S.d. × C
S.d. × I
105
21
45
0.636
4.95
0.693
0.90
6.97
0.98
0.76
0.00
0.51
105
7
15
0.71
2.55
0.167
1.65
5.91
0.39
0.01
0.00
0.98
reaction of cultivars to inoculation
with different isolates of S. nodorum
S.d. × I × C
Error (B×S.d.×C×I)
315
2032
0.239
0.709
0.34 0.00 105
1016
0.129
0.431
0.30 1.00 was determined mainly by the