Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
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66<br />
Session 3B — E. Arseniuk <strong>and</strong> P.C. Czembor<br />
Table 5. Origin <strong>of</strong> <strong>Stagonospora</strong> nodorum isolates.<br />
against mean virulence <strong>of</strong> the<br />
No. Isolate name Host Geographic origin (location)<br />
isolates. Similarly, the variance<br />
1 Lb-2-1 triticale Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie<br />
among isolates for virulence to<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lb-3-1<br />
Lb-4-1<br />
Z-20-1<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie<br />
Lubinicko, woj. zielonogórskie<br />
Zadabrowie. woj. przemyskie<br />
individual cultivars/lines was<br />
regressed against mean resistance<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
Z-22-1<br />
Gw-3-1<br />
TS87-1-1<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
Zadabrowie. woj. przemyskie<br />
Grodkowice, woj. krakowskie<br />
Z¸rich, Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> the cultivars/lines expressed on<br />
the 0-9 scale.<br />
8 Wen-1-1 winter wheat Weneda Elblag, woj. torunskie<br />
9<br />
10<br />
Ml-2-1<br />
Ch-9-1<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
Malyszyn, woj. gorzowskie<br />
Choryn, woj. poznanskie Results<br />
11 Wr-6-1 triticale Wrocikowo, woj. olsztynskie<br />
12 Ch90-3-1 triticale Chelm, woj. chelmskie<br />
13 Rd93-1-1 triticale Radzików, woj. warszawskie<br />
All isolates <strong>of</strong> S. nodorum used<br />
14<br />
15<br />
T91-1-4<br />
Lu90-1-1<br />
triticale<br />
triticale<br />
Torun, woj. torunskie<br />
Lucmierz, woj. lódzkie<br />
in the study were pathogenic to<br />
leaves <strong>and</strong> to heads <strong>of</strong> all triticale<br />
<strong>and</strong> bread wheat cultivars (Tables<br />
2, 6, 3, 4). On average, the disease<br />
Table 6. The expression <strong>of</strong> virulence by 15 <strong>Stagonospora</strong> nodorum isolates <strong>and</strong> their mixture (a composite<br />
isolate) on heads <strong>of</strong> 11 winter triticale (t) <strong>and</strong> 4 winter wheat (w) cultivars under field conditions.<br />
on leaves was 2-3 times<br />
more severe than on<br />
No. Isolate<br />
Almo Ugo<br />
(t) (t)<br />
Malno Lasko Grado Dagro Bolero Presto Largo<br />
(t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t)<br />
LAD-<br />
285 (t)<br />
DAD-<br />
187 (t)<br />
Alba Jawa Begra Liwilla<br />
(w) (w) (w) (w) Mean<br />
heads. Some <strong>of</strong> the<br />
isolates did not cause<br />
1 Lb-2-1 0.7* 0.8 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.1 1.8 2.9 2.7 1.8 1.4<br />
disease on heads <strong>of</strong><br />
2 Lb-3-1 1.2 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 2.5 1.6 2.7 3.6 3.6 1.9 2.0 spring triticale genotypes<br />
3<br />
4<br />
5<br />
Lb-4-1<br />
Z-20-1<br />
Z-22-1<br />
1.3<br />
0.5<br />
0.9<br />
1.4<br />
0.6<br />
0.8<br />
2.2<br />
0.7<br />
1.1<br />
2.1<br />
0.6<br />
1.2<br />
2.5<br />
1.9<br />
1.2<br />
2.8<br />
1.1<br />
1.8<br />
1.8<br />
0.7<br />
0.8<br />
1.8<br />
0.8<br />
1.3<br />
1.8<br />
0.9<br />
1.0<br />
3.1<br />
1.2<br />
2.1<br />
1.8<br />
0.9<br />
1.6<br />
2.3<br />
1.6<br />
2.3<br />
3.6<br />
2.3<br />
3.2<br />
3.2<br />
2.0<br />
2.9<br />
2.3<br />
1.6<br />
1.9<br />
2.3<br />
1.2<br />
1.6<br />
(Table 4). The lack <strong>of</strong><br />
disease was due to low<br />
6 Gw-3-1 2.1 2.1 3.2 2.7 2.5 3.6 2.1 2.8 2.0 3.5 2.6 4.2 5.2 4.4 3.8 3.1 rainfall <strong>and</strong> drought<br />
7<br />
8<br />
TS87-1-1<br />
Wen-1-1<br />
1.8<br />
1.6<br />
2.1<br />
2.2<br />
3.2<br />
2.7<br />
2.8<br />
2.6<br />
3.3<br />
3.3<br />
3.7<br />
3.4<br />
2.2<br />
1.8<br />
2.8<br />
2.3<br />
2.6<br />
2.2<br />
4.0<br />
3.6<br />
2.5<br />
2.6<br />
3.3<br />
3.4<br />
4.9<br />
4.5<br />
4.1<br />
3.9<br />
3.7<br />
2.7<br />
3.1<br />
2.9<br />
during the summers. In<br />
9 Ml-2-1 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.9 2.3 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.8 1.0 1.7 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.3 spite <strong>of</strong> the adverse<br />
10<br />
11<br />
12<br />
Ch-9-1<br />
Wr-6-1<br />
Ch90-3-1<br />
0.7<br />
1.4<br />
1.4<br />
0.5<br />
1.3<br />
1.3<br />
0.6<br />
1.8<br />
2.2<br />
0.7<br />
1.6<br />
2.3<br />
0.9<br />
1.5<br />
2.8<br />
0.9<br />
2.4<br />
3.2<br />
0.7<br />
1.3<br />
1.5<br />
0.7<br />
1.7<br />
1.8<br />
0.6<br />
1.4<br />
1.6<br />
1.3<br />
2.4<br />
3.1<br />
1.0<br />
1.7<br />
2.1<br />
1.2<br />
2.4<br />
2.7<br />
2.1<br />
3.5<br />
4.3<br />
1.9<br />
3.2<br />
3.3<br />
2.9<br />
2.8<br />
2.6<br />
1.1<br />
2.0<br />
2.4<br />
weather, the same<br />
isolates were able to<br />
13 Rd93-1-1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.8 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.1 2.6 2.4 3.6 1.7 cause the disease on<br />
14<br />
15<br />
T91-1-4 0.6<br />
Lu90-1-1 1.0<br />
0.5<br />
0.9<br />
1.0<br />
1.6<br />
1.4<br />
1.5<br />
1.6<br />
1.7<br />
1.7<br />
2.1<br />
0.8<br />
1.0<br />
1.0<br />
1.4<br />
1.1<br />
1.6<br />
1.8<br />
2.6<br />
1.2<br />
1.4<br />
2.1<br />
2.4<br />
2.8<br />
3.5<br />
2.6<br />
2.7<br />
1.8<br />
2.4<br />
1.5<br />
1.9<br />
heads <strong>of</strong> more SNB<br />
16 Mixture 1.1 1.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 3.0 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.6 1.7 2.7 4.0 3.3 2.8 2.3 susceptible wheat<br />
Mean 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.2 1.5 1.4 2.4 1.6 2.4 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 cultivars.<br />
LSD0.01 = 0.141 - for virulence <strong>of</strong> isolates on heads; LSD0.01 = 0.136 for reaction <strong>of</strong> cultivars on heads.<br />
* Mean score on a 0-9 scale <strong>of</strong> 3 SNB scorings per season ¥ 6 blocks over 3 growing seasons.<br />
Due to a large<br />
number degrees <strong>of</strong> freedom <strong>and</strong><br />
Table 7. Analysis <strong>of</strong> variance for the amount <strong>of</strong> SNB on leaves <strong>and</strong> heads <strong>of</strong> 5 spring triticale low error values, most <strong>of</strong> the<br />
<strong>and</strong> 3 spring wheat cultivars scored on a 0-9 digit scale (0 = resistant, 9 = susceptible) under<br />
field conditions.<br />
Leaves Heads<br />
Source <strong>of</strong> Mean F Proba- Mean F Probavariation<br />
D. f. Square value bility D. f. Square value bility<br />
sources <strong>of</strong> variation included in the<br />
analysis <strong>of</strong> variance (Tables 1 <strong>and</strong> 7)<br />
proved to be significant. The main<br />
effects <strong>of</strong> cultivars <strong>and</strong> isolates<br />
Blocks (B) 4 844.03 18.13 0.01 4 13.17 1.84 0.28<br />
were highly significant. It is<br />
Scoring dates (R.d.) 3 1553.60 33.37 0.00 1 39.55 5.52 0.08 noticeable that the effect <strong>of</strong> isolates<br />
Error (B × S.d.)<br />
Cultivars (C)<br />
Isolates (I)<br />
12<br />
7<br />
15<br />
46.56<br />
193.32<br />
11.3<br />
272.50<br />
15.65<br />
0.00<br />
0.00<br />
4<br />
7<br />
15<br />
7.17<br />
238.49<br />
4.58<br />
552.86<br />
10.62<br />
0.00<br />
0.00<br />
was smaller than that <strong>of</strong> cultivars.<br />
This would indicate that the<br />
C × I<br />
S.d. × C<br />
S.d. × I<br />
105<br />
21<br />
45<br />
0.636<br />
4.95<br />
0.693<br />
0.90<br />
6.97<br />
0.98<br />
0.76<br />
0.00<br />
0.51<br />
105<br />
7<br />
15<br />
0.71<br />
2.55<br />
0.167<br />
1.65<br />
5.91<br />
0.39<br />
0.01<br />
0.00<br />
0.98<br />
reaction <strong>of</strong> cultivars to inoculation<br />
with different isolates <strong>of</strong> S. nodorum<br />
S.d. × I × C<br />
Error (B×S.d.×C×I)<br />
315<br />
2032<br />
0.239<br />
0.709<br />
0.34 0.00 105<br />
1016<br />
0.129<br />
0.431<br />
0.30 1.00 was determined mainly by the