Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
Septoria and Stagonospora Diseases of Cereals - CIMMYT ...
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Another set <strong>of</strong> resistant lines<br />
was created by the wheat<br />
germplasm enhancement<br />
section. The S. tritici resistance <strong>of</strong><br />
lines from Brazil (IAS 20, Pelotas<br />
Arthur, Colotana, IAS 58, <strong>and</strong><br />
Maringa), which are tall <strong>and</strong><br />
late-maturing with weak straw,<br />
was incorporated into earlymaturing,<br />
high yielding<br />
semidwarf lines. Thus earlymaturing,<br />
short, high yielding<br />
lines were developed that had a<br />
level <strong>of</strong> resistance similar to that<br />
<strong>of</strong> the original resistant parent<br />
(Table 3).<br />
Bread wheat lines were also<br />
crossed with triticale, <strong>and</strong> the<br />
resulting lines showed high<br />
levels <strong>of</strong> S. tritici resistance<br />
(Table 4). Subsequently, some <strong>of</strong><br />
the lines listed in Table 3 were<br />
combined with triticale-derived<br />
lines (Table 5) in an attempt to<br />
pyramid several resistance<br />
genes.<br />
<strong>CIMMYT</strong>’s wheat wide<br />
crosses program has generated a<br />
wide range <strong>of</strong> resistant<br />
germplasm from D genome<br />
synthetics <strong>and</strong> their synthetic<br />
derivatives (Mujeeb-Kazi et al.,<br />
1996; 1998; 1999). These<br />
materials express high levels <strong>of</strong><br />
resistance to several leaf<br />
pathogens, including Bipolaris<br />
sorokiniana, Pyrenophora triticirepentis,<br />
<strong>and</strong> S. tritici. Their<br />
resistance may be to one or a<br />
combination <strong>of</strong> these pathogens.<br />
Table 6 shows a group <strong>of</strong><br />
representative synthetic wheats<br />
with high levels <strong>of</strong> resistance to<br />
S. tritici.<br />
<strong>Septoria</strong> tritici Resistance Sources <strong>and</strong> Breeding Progress at <strong>CIMMYT</strong>, 1970-99 135<br />
Table 1. Main sources <strong>of</strong> <strong>Septoria</strong> tritici resistance used by the <strong>CIMMYT</strong> wheat breeding<br />
program in the 1970s.<br />
Ex-USSR Southern Cone <strong>of</strong> SA USA spring Other<br />
winter wheat spring wheat wheat sources<br />
Aurora IAS 55 Chris Enkoy<br />
Kavkaz IAS 58 Era Salomoni Seafoam<br />
Bezostaja 1 PF 70254 Frontana-Kenya Kvz/K4500 L.6A.6<br />
Maringa x Newthatch<br />
Carazinho<br />
IAS 63<br />
Lagoa Vermelha<br />
Tizano Pinto Precoz<br />
IAS 62<br />
CTN 7<br />
CTN 8<br />
Gaboto<br />
IAS 20<br />
Table 2. <strong>CIMMYT</strong>-derived lines with acceptable <strong>Septoria</strong> tritici resistance from the ex-USSR,<br />
USA, France, Brazil, Chile, <strong>and</strong> Romania.<br />
Advanced line Pedigree cross Number S. tritici score a Origin<br />
Veery Kvz/Buho//Kal/Bb CM 33027 76-86 Ex-USSR<br />
Bobwhite Au//Kal/Bb/3/Wop CM 33203 32-76 Ex-USSR<br />
Musala Lee/Kvz/3/Cc//Ron/Cha CM16780 Ex-USSR<br />
Sunbird Gll/Cuc//Kvz/Sx CM34630 42-77 Ex-USSR<br />
Milan VS73.600/Mirlo/3/ CM75113 21-74 France/Ex<br />
Bow//Ye/Trf USSR<br />
Attila ND/VG9144//Kal/Bb/ CM85836 73-76 USA/Ex-<br />
3/Yaco/4/Veery USSR<br />
Bagula Ore F1 158/Fdl// CM59123 53-75 USA/Romania<br />
Mfn/2*Tiba63/3/Coc<br />
/4/Bb/GLl//Carp/3/Pvn<br />
Prinia Prl/Vee#6/Myna/Vul CM90722 74-76 Ex-USSR<br />
Chilero 4777*2//Fkn/Gb54/3/ CM66684 74-76 Ex-USSR<br />
Vee#5/4/Buc/Pvn<br />
Corydon Car 853/Coc/Vee/3/ CM81074 41-75 Chile/ Brazil/<br />
E7408/Pam//Hork/PF73226 Ex - USSR<br />
Tinamu IAS58/4/Kal/Bb// CM81812 32-75 Brazil/Ex-<br />
Cjm71/Ald/5/Au// USSR<br />
Kal/Bb/3/Wop<br />
a Double digit scale (Saari <strong>and</strong> Prescott, 1975; Eyal et al., 1987) indicating the range <strong>of</strong> damage during two<br />
screening cycles in Toluca.<br />
Table 3. Short, early-maturing, <strong>Septoria</strong> tritici resistant lines derived from tall, late-maturing,<br />
resistant Brazilian varieties, with a resistance similar to that <strong>of</strong> the original resistant parents.<br />
Lines Cross number S. tritici score a<br />
IAS 20/H567.71//4*IAS 20 CMH 79.243 35-52<br />
IAS 20/H567.71//IAS 20/3/IAS 58 CMH 78.390 31-42<br />
IAS 20/H567.71//IAS20/3/3*MRNG CMH 78.443 32-63<br />
CLT/H471.71A//4*CLT CMH 83.2277 32-53<br />
H.567.71/3*P.Ar CMH 77.308 32-74<br />
IAS 20 – 11-62<br />
IAS 58 – 31-54<br />
Maringa – 31-54<br />
Colotona – 11-51<br />
Pelotas Arthur – 21-71<br />
a Double digit scale (Saari <strong>and</strong> Prescott, 1975; Eyal et al., 1987) indicating the range <strong>of</strong> damage during two<br />
screening cycles in Toluca.