Coaching Articles Volume 3 by The Camogie Association

COACHING 

ARTICLES 

Volume 

03 

BY THE CAMOGIE ASSOCIATION

Contents 

Troubling the comfortable 

By Brian Boyle.........................................................................2 

The Importance of Trust 

By Anna Marie McCarthy................................................ 21 

The Grip and Swing 

By Peter Casey ........................................................................4 

The Power of Habits 

By Peter Casey..................................................................... 23 

Coaching smarter not harder 

By Catherine Callaghan.......................................................6 

Ditch the Drills 

By Paul O’Brien................................................................... 25 

The future is now 

By Peter Casey.........................................................................9 

Coaching Pests 

By Liam Moggan................................................................. 27 

Self Determined Coaching 

By John Murphy...................................................................11 

Retention is the Name of the Game 

By Mickey Quigg................................................................. 28 

Inspire to play, empower to stay 

By Peter Casey.....................................................................14 

“Let them Play” 

By Paul O’Brien....................................................................31 

Coach Education & Continuous Learning 

By Paul O’Brien................................................................... 16 

The balancing act of coaching 

By Peter Casey..................................................................... 32 

Goalkeeping is just different 

By Mark Cooney.................................................................. 18 

Session planning 

By Aisling Kane................................................................... 34 

The Assist & Challenge Model - More than a 

Technical Coaching Tool 

By Ross Corbett................................................................... 19 

Scoring is the name of the game 

By Peter Casey..................................................................... 36 

1

Troubling the 

comfortable 

By Brian Boyle 

‘The interesting thing about coaching is you have to 

trouble the comfortable and comfort the troubled’ 

I 

came across this quote from Ric Charlesworth a couple 

of years ago. As an avid reader, rarely has a single 

statement been mulled over more and personally, 

created so many synergies between practice and role or 

summarised so perfectly the essence of coaching. 

Ric Charlesworth, an author, medical doctor, politician, 

cricket player at representative level, Olympic hockey 

medal holder as player and coach, 8 world coach of the year 

awards, is a fascinating man and the living embodiment 

of such frequently used coaching terms as ‘sampling’ and 

‘late specialisation’. Incidentally his 2 coaching books are 

nugget-laden and well worth the read. 

The simplicity and clarity of the coaching role which can 

be gleaned from the quote above should be affixed to the 

front page of every coaches’ planner irrespective of the 

level they coach at. The essence and indeed the spirit of 

effective coaching can be distilled down to the key tenets of 

this statement not just on a coaching/playing level but also 

on a pastoral and macro level. If one is to carry out the role 

of coach with the aim of making a meaningful difference 

to the people surrounding them then that responsibility 

goes beyond the pitch. Meaningful experiences, however 

through the opportunities we create, can permeate into the 

weekly lives of those players in their time away from the 

pitch. 

In 2019 the One World Survey carried out in conjunction 

with UCD and Jigsaw, the youth Mental Health Service 

reported the effect one good adult can have on the lives 

of young people. It reported that meaningful positive 

experiences as a result of ‘one good adult’ in their lives 

can lead to increased self-esteem, more success in school, 

improved mental health, having the confidence to seek out 

somebody in difficult times and less risk-taking behaviours. 

How can we ensure that such meaning can be experienced 

by every player in our care from the 5- and 6-year olds right 

up to the representative player? Irrespective of the player 

level their requirements of the coach are the same - namely 

engagement. 

In his excellent book ‘Mensch- Beyond the Cones’ the 

author, Johnathan Harding speaks of a wonderful word 

Menschenfänger which he discovered while researching 

the book in Germany. Literally translated, it means ‘People 

Catcher’ however its subliminal meaning goes much deeper. 

It means someone people can believe in, somebody they 

want to follow, someone who awakens a spirit of curiosity 

and enthusiasm within them. 

All invasion games come with similar key principles which, 

all talk of tactics, formations, styles and patterns can be 

distilled down to. They are - getting possession, giving 

possession, maintaining possession, fundamentals, trying 

to score and trying to win back possession (Thorpe & 

Bunker 1982). When designing activities, to ensure your 

training remains as authentic as possible to the game you 

are preparing for, they (activities) should be created with 

these principles in mind. Secondly to ensure as game-like 

an experience as possible for your players, they should also 

try to keep the integrity of the way they occur in a game-like 

situation in close proximity. Create meaningful experiences 

that allow your players to engage with, interact with, mould 

into a creation representative of their understanding. Allow 

them to inhabit the scenario and not inhibit their creativity. 

An example of a scenario could be when playing a game you 

find your players when on the end line rather than recycling 

the ball out into space, they take shots from impossible 

angles. A simple approach to this might involve looking at 

games where a similar occurrence happens like hockey with 

short or penalty corners and the ball being played to the 

edge of the semi-circle. 

Discuss the scenario with your players - by discussion I 

mean 2-way discussion with players about what we should 

do in that situation; where should forwards go in order to 

2

with younger teams. Allow them explore the concept 

uninhibited within an environment familiar to them i.e., 

a school yard invasion game like ‘Red Rover’ or ‘British 

Bulldog’. By creating a games-based learning experience in 

a playful environment familiar to them, the players will be 

more receptive to the concepts you are exploring. Play it 

through normally, discuss it and place the condition on the 

actual training game. In this case maybe create an exclusion 

zone in front of the goals inside which supporting players 

cannot enter. 

There are multiple learner types including visual, auditory 

and kinaesthetic to name but 3. It is going to be difficult 

to cater for all of these every time you want to rehearse 

a match scenario. However, if you can touch upon a multifaceted 

approach in introducing it you have the best chance 

of engaging with all players and thus, comfort and trouble 

the masses in equal measures! Embrace the chaos, enjoy 

the chaos. See you further down the line. Nobody has the 

definitive roadmap as to where the coaching journey should 

go or how we get there but that’s what makes the coaching 

journey an ever evolving one as new challenges are created 

and previous challenges are tomorrow’s certainties. 

be in the best position to receive a pass and make it hard 

on the defender. This can be a hard skill for all coaches to 

master but according to Dr Shane Pill the ‘Learner voice 

dominates the conversation’. https://learningthroughsport. 

blogspot.com/2020/01/sport-coaching-and-teachingwhat-does.html 

. 

Where should defenders go in order to best defend the 

situation? Play out a couple of controlled scenarios like 

short corners from different positions on the end line and 

ask for feedback from the players before resuming a game. 

If the scenario doesn’t occur in your game. Offer a constraint 

to the participants whereby if a team scores in normal play 

they can rush to the corner flag and collect a ball to create 

an opportunity for the bonus score. This scenario can be 

then used to coach defenders on how to work the ball out 

from a tight position, under pressure. 

Another scenario might be that when a player is running 

through on goal the other forwards, in their eagerness 

to support run towards the forward thus bringing more 

defenders in on top of the attacker and cluttering the 

space in front of goal, making it much harder to score. This 

is a common scenario in younger teams. Play it through 

normally, discuss it and place the condition on the game. 

In this case maybe create an exclusion zone in front of the 

goals inside which supporting players cannot enter. 

Another scenario might be when a player is running through 

on goal the other forwards converge on the ball carrier. In 

their eagerness to support they run towards the forward 

thus, bringing more defenders in on top of the attacker 

and cluttering the space in front of goal, making it much 

harder to score. This is a common scenario experienced 

3

The Grip and 

Swing 

By Peter Casey 

As the fastest field sport played by females in the 

world, Camogie can be an extremely challenging 

game to master. According to the learning.gaa. 

ie it is estimated that there are over 170 skills in 

hurling and camogie. As a coach it can be very daunting to 

get around to teaching multiple skills. In every squad (even 

inter county senior) one of the biggest challenges is to 

deal with players with varying levels of skill profiency and 

athletic prowess. Often in coaching courses we get asked 

what is the best way of dealing with such a group. 

Very often coaches believe that theirs is the only team 

that has a gulf between its strongest and weakest players. 

Thankfully the wider GAA family is making huge efforts to 

be far more inclusive than in the past - even though we 

still have a long way to go – and coaches want to be able 

to improve their weakest players while still challenging the 

strongest players. We would all love to develop our players 

to their potential in the hope that one day some of them 

could play like Carrie Dolan, Aoife Donohue, Ann Dalton, 

Sarah Dervan and the other Galway and Kilkenny players 

who performed in Croke Park in the recent league final. 

When trying to help coaches deal with their dilemma often 

as tutors we have to share our own experiences. One of the 

best things I ever learned is that development is non-linear. 

We like to think of things in terms of linear improvement 

but development is more a mishmash. Players develop 

at different rates and most likely your best players now 

will not be the best in the future and your weakest now 

could one day be your strongest. However to be one of 

the strongest in the future there are a few essential skills 

that players need, or else it will be very difficult for them to 

master the other skills. 

The essential skills are often referred to as the basics or the 

basic skills and it really is an unfortunate term. Referring to 

them as basic demeans them in a sense with the result that 

coaches often fail to give them the care they require. The 

essential skills in hurling are the grip and the swing and if 

we get them right we will have loads of boys and girls able 

to play hurling and camogie but if we neglect these skills 

then it will be a struggle. The first few months of a child’s 

hurling or camogie career is a really important time. 

If all under 6 coaches said that by the end of the year, all 

players will grip and swing the hurley correctly, they will 

have done most of their job. I’m in the fortunate position of 

coaching my club under 6’s every Sunday morning. One of 

the first things we do 3 or 4 times in every session is to sing 

the new song we are learning, sung to the air of Baby Shark. 

Hurley hand doo doo doo doo doo doo 



Hurley hand! 

Catching hand doo doo doo doo doo doo 



Catching hand! 

4 

C shaped swing doo doo doo doo doo doo 



C shaped swing!

All children raise their dominant hand while singing the first 

verse, their non-dominant hand for the second verse (which 

was learned in week 3) and swing a very short hurley with 

one hand for verse 3 (learned in week 6). 

The grip and swing are the skills that enable all other skills 

to happen. Striking from the hand, rising, hooking, blocking, 

first touch are all much easier to teach and learn when 

players have learned a good grip and swing. By taking our 

time with the grip and swing and learning the 6 main points 

about the skill we can keep our group together far more 

easily and children are active agents in their own learning. 

Rome wasn’t built a day but with careful repetition over the 

first while, young children should develop good habits that 

will stand to them over a long period of time. 

Children who are very tall for their age could go up a size 

and children who are shorter should go down a size but the 

main advise is that it is better to go for a shorter hurley 

when learning the grip and swing. 

There are great strikers in our games now like Patrick 

Horgan, Aaron Gillane, Joe Canning, Chloe Morey, Denise 

Gaule and Gemma O’Connor. While they all have their 

individual differences they also have a lot of similarities. In 

order to be a good striker you need to have a good swing. 

Learning the hurley hand and its positions, the catching 

hand and its positions and a c-shaped swing and what that 

looks like over the first year of a child’s camogie career can 

give them a better chance of also becoming a good striker 

and hurler. 

The other major factor that effects a child learning the grip 

and swing is the size and weight of the hurley used. It is 

quite difficult to buy a hurley suitable for under 6’s and 

unfortunately the ones sold in most supermarkets are much 

too long, thick and heavy. Most of the well known hurley 

makers however sell suitable child hurleys. The Camogie 

Association recently published a really useful guide 

for sizing a hurley correctly. In my experience this is the 

maximum size that children should use. 

5

Coaching Smarter 

not Harder 

By Catherine 

Callaghan 

Albert Einstein is reported to have once said if 

you can’t explain something simply then you 

don’t understand it well enough yourself. I like to 

apply this kind of philosophy to coaching, to keep 

things simple, ensuring those being coached do not need to 

expend unnecessary energy trying to interpret what is being 

said to them during a session, as for me, the most effective 

coaching session is the one which affords the most time to 

the players to be involved in simply playing the game. 

In my experience the best way to ensure this kind of 

environment is to do some work on one’s own coaching 

methods and style off the pitch. In this piece I’d like to 

outline five key points or practices that I have found to be 

both worthwhile and effective in my coaching life. 

1. Commit. In short - Find Your Why 

on being the best is constantly comparing themselves to 

other coaches and thereby leaking some of their energy 

on to something over which they have no control - this is a 

wasted effort, effort which would be much more effectively 

invested in developing our quality of attention ie our focus. 

2. Focus. In short - Helps you make better decisions faster 

Believe it or not the difference between an adequate 

player or coach and an extraordinary player or coach lies 

in the quality of their attention. These days we’re all prone 

to distraction, in fact those of us who have grown up with 

phones in our hands are well versed in distraction, we 

expect distraction, we are, if you will, distraction focussed. 

It’s common knowledge that attention spans over the past 

number of years have become increasingly short so it’s 

really important for anyone who would like to become 

more efficient in how they utilise their energy that they 

develop a daily practice of “playing attention” - directing 

The action in commitment is decision. In order to get better 

at coaching one needs to decide every day to want to get 

better at coaching but as we all know when we’re working 

towards anything, the desire to want it isn’t enough on 

it’s own - we need to combine this desire with repeatedly 

deciding to work towards getting better at coaching - 

without this basic agreement within ourselves we will not 

stay on the path of becoming better…we will stall. 

Something else to consider here is one’s motivation behind 

the desire to develop as a coach. Is it a desire to become a 

better coach for your players? or Is it a desire to be the best 

coach? It might seems like a subtle difference between the 

two standpoints but behind the scenes, what’s happening 

inside a mind which is focused on themselves getting 

better in order to serve others more skilfully versus a mind 

set on becoming the best there are two very different sets 

of events unfolding. The coach who focusses on getting 

better applies all of their energy and attention on improving 

themselves as a coach whereas the coach who focusses 

6

your attention onto something and holding it there is more 

difficult than you might realise initially - such a practice 

will enable the coach to harness, direct & hold all of their 

attention on what needs to be attended to in any given 

moment at training or in a game. Often times we may 

unwittingly leak the limited resources of our attention onto 

things outside of what is actually happening at the moment 

thereby diluting our capacity make the most skilful decision 

faster under pressure because we’re not fully focussed on 

exactly what is presented in front of us at training or in a 

game situation. 

3. Build Bonds. In short - Fosters Buy-in 

We remember of course that coaching is all about people 

rather than any given sport or activity and as social beings 

working with people in essence means creating and 

maintaining relationships - even with people we’re not 

naturally drawn towards. When it comes to a robust sport 

like Camogie where the drop out rate at underage is startling 

it’s really important coaches work on their awareness of 

how they relate to these young people - having said that 

building bonds is no less important in adult age grades. In 

my experience it’s imperative to offer players what they 

want ie fun, enjoyment, a safe place for self expression, a 

sense and a feeling of, purpose - which I round up to an 

overall feeling of happiness and fulfilment. This type of 

offering is important in order for players in turn to want 

what it is the coach has to offer ie hard work, challenge, 

growth as a player and a person. 

4. Choose your Words. In short - Build Belief 

The efficiency with which coaches encourage their players 

to come on board and want what coaches have to offer will 

depend largely on the vision/atmosphere/environment 

a coach can create, what’s commonly called ‘the culture’ 

of a team or club. This culture is formed initially from the 

thoughts of the coach/manager. These thoughts then need 

to find proper expression through words and actions so the 

value of deliberately and consistently choosing the most 

appropriate words cannot be overemphasised. For me this 

is a very time consuming endeavour but it does pay huge 

dividends. A coach’s input can be made much more effective 

and consequently less time consuming for the coach, as 

the quality of their focus, mentioned earlier, improves. The 

aim here is to try inspire players to find something inside 

of themselves that they may not know is in there yet or 

indeed may suspect is in there but they don’t feel confident 

enough to let it out /too vulnerable to be themselves or 

afraid on some level that if they try they may fail which they 

interpret as a negative experience. They may think maybe 

I’m not as good as I think I am etc. It’s the role of the coach 

to encourage and grow the belief - to let their players know 

both through their words and actions - I wish you could see in 

yourself what I can see in you - be a mirror as it were, believe 

on their behalf until they believe it themselves. Here we 

mostly focus on the building, strengthening and growth of 

intrinsic motivation while keeping in mind the Pymalion 

Effect which is, in essence, the phenomenon that players 

generally tend to have a higher expectation of themselves 

if coaches have a higher expectation of them - this is a self 

fulfilling prophecy. 

7

5. Be Patient. In short - keeps players playing 

Being patient is one of the most difficult parts of the art of 

coaching I believe. Coaches want things to unfold in the way 

they plan, coaches want players to pick up skills and tactics 

in a certain time frame, coaches have a schedule & coaches 

with the best will in the world want to see their players 

succeed. But, as coaches we must always remember - what 

a player appears to do or not do can often be deceptive - an 

apparent hesitancy can often just be a gathering of courage 

or strength as they ruminate over taking the next step in their 

exploration of what it is they’re really made of. The causes 

of player behaviour are often very subtle so as coaches we 

must not be too quick to condemn or even praise for that 

matter. We must remember that everything unfolds in it’s 

own time no matter what schedule we’ve created. 

Something to Ponder - If our coaching energy is free flowing 

but directionless we have plenty of passion alright but in 

my experience passionate coaching is not enough to ensure 

players keep playing. If we work to some degree on steps 1 - 

4 what we’ll find is our coaching energy is free flowing with 

direction and with step 5 we add goodwill and compassion 

towards those in our charge and ultimately a desire to make 

happy rather than to be happy. 

The great news about this type of clear, compassionate 

coaching is - it is it’s own reward. 

8

The Future 

is Now 


Your children are not your children. 

They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for 

itself. 

They come through you but not from you, 

And though they are with you yet they belong not to 

you. 

Kahill Gibrain – On Children 

As parents and coaches the future is always in 

our minds. We spend a lot of time worrying and 

wondering about life down the road. We fill our 

minds with questions and concerns like, how 

will our children turn out? Will they be ok? What school 

will we send them to? Where will they go to College? As 

coaches many of our thoughts are filled with hoping our 

players will be good at hurling and Camogie that we’ll 

win championships and that our players will play for the 

county. 

to mind. It’s easy to judge other parents and say that they 

should make their children play sport. If that doesn’t work 

then a clip around the ear or a kick in the backside would 

sort it all out. All that kind of advice was commonplace in 

many parishes in a different time. However this type of talk 

also led to abuse where children were frightened to speak 

out. Thankfully children are seen and also heard in most 

places now. It is very healthy that children can now tell their 

parents “yes I’d like to go there” and “no I don’t feel like 

doing that”. 

There is a great book that I sometimes use called How to 

talk so kids will listen and listen so kids will talk. It deals with 

the fundamental connection between how children feel 

and how they behave. It states “When children feel right, 

they’ll behave right. How do we help them to feel right? By 

accepting their feelings?” The book deals with the problem 

that parents don’t usually accept their children’s feelings. 

For example “You don’t really feel that way” “You’re only 

saying that because you’re tired”, “There’s no reason to be 

upset”. In a GAA coaching context we could sometimes say 

Thinking about the future is important but sometimes it 

causes us to lose sight of what’s happening in front our 

eyes at the moment. We are blessed to have children and 

it is so easy to take them for granted but it would be hard 

to envisage any vibrancy in a community without children. 

Some of the most committed GAA parents often find it very 

difficult to encourage their children to play hurling and 

Camogie. Even with all their persuasive skills and bribery 

ideas their children refuse point blank to play. It must 

be very distressing for a parent who has dreamed of big 

days in Croke Park and Thurles cheering on their sons and 

daughters to have to cope with a 6 or 7 year old child who 

won’t even join the local club. 

In the past children were owned by adults. Parents, 

teachers, priests and coaches often felt that they were 

superior to children and children had to do as they were 

told. Old sayings like “children should be seen and not 

heard” and “an empty vessel makes the most sound” come 

9

“you couldn’t be bored this is exciting” “you’re not cold it’s 

very hot” and “you don’t hate Camogie, you love it”. The 

big lesson is that we should never deny children’s rights to 

express their feelings even if it means they disagree with us 

or tell us what we don’t wish to hear. 

Giving children a voice and allowing them to be part of 

the decision making process in a house or a team is really 

good for their development. It also causes us to see things 

from their point of view and it helps us develop good 

communication skills where we can get our point of view 

across. Instead of telling our children that they have to go 

training and they don’t have a choice it is better to reason 

with them. “I’d really like if you joined the GAA club because 

Gaelic games are such a healthy pastime where you get to 

play with your friends. I can tell that you’re worried that 

you mightn’t be good enough but I’m sure you’ll be fine 

and I’ll have a word with your coach so he won’t do stuff 

that’s too hard. I’ll also stay close by so if you need a break 

you can come over to me”. If after saying all that they are 

still adamant they don’t want to play we should respect 

that right. When they go of their own free will they develop 

a greater love of the game. 

Children provide adults with fantastic entertainment when 

they play sports. Some of the best sporting memories I have 

were of small matches I played as a child and underage 

games where I was a coach. These games may seem really 

insignificant in the greater scheme of things but there was 

nothing small or insignificant about the effort the children 

gave or the satisfaction that the parents derived from these 

games. Sometimes we get so caught up in the future that 

we fail to see the brilliance or beauty of our children as they 

are at the moment. We keep thinking it’ll be great next year 

when he’s bigger and stronger. A parent once said “when 

my child was 3 I couldn’t wait for him to be six and when he 

was 6 I wished he was 12. When he was 12 I wished he was 

16 and now that he’s 16 I wish he was three” 

Sometimes we dream about reaching the Holy Grail but 

there is no Holy Grail. The players who win the All-Ireland 

final have to play with their clubs a couple of weeks later 

and the following year they are back training and preparing 

as though they never won anything. There is great vibrancy 

in many club and county underage structures at present 

and we have never had as many people playing our games 

or seen the games at such a high standard. The work of a 

GAA or camogie club never stops though. In 10 years’ time 

these clubs will still need people to start off their under 6’s 

and 8’s. Even if clubs are struggling there is always a chance 

of a fresh start with the 6’s. The key is to try to stay in the 

moment. 

10

Self Determined 

Coaching 

By John Murphy 

Importance of Motivation 

We all want to work with motivated players. They generally 

work harder in training, take on greater responsibility 

for their own performances, strive for higher standards 

and perform better in games. In the past, motivation was 

often seen as coming directly from the coach to players, 

Al Pacino’s Any Given Sunday speech is a classic example 

while other coaches (or even players) have often been 

identified as great motivators. This form of motivation can, 

however, lose its’ impact over time. Paul O’Connell noted in 

his autobiography that he was constantly seeking out new 

ways opposition teams or the world in general had slighted 

him or Munster so he could use it to rouse players in a prematch 

team talk. This dependency on a coach, manager or 

captain to constantly motivate the team can also lead to 

players taking less ownership for their performances and a 

severe lack of leadership skills through the squad. In an ideal 

world, motivation to perform comes from within the player 

themselves; that constant journey to be better; to achieve 

more and to constantly improve is a far more sustainable 

form of motivation. We will outline some methods of how 

this can be developed in your group throughout this article. 

Types of Motivation 

Below are a few common types of motivation and examples 

of each. 

• Intrinsic Motivation: Comes from within the player 

themselves. Examples include a wing back trying to 

improve her side-line cut technique as she simply 

wants to be better at them or an U8 trying to complete 

5 quality roll lifts in a row for her own satisfaction. 

• Extrinsic Motivation: Comes from something external 

to the player. Examples include an intercounty player 

pushing themselves in training or matches with a view 

to winning an all-star or a younger player consistently 

going training due to a coach or parent rewarding 

them with sweets or other treats after training. 

• Controlled Motivation: Also comes from something 

external to the player and in a sense “forces” effort 

or commitment. Examples include monetary fines to 

players who arrive late to training or extra conditioning 

for mistakes during drills. 

• Amotivation: Is a lack of motivation in general on the 

part of the player. Often seen through a general lack of 

interest in Camogie whether it be playing, spectating 

or attending training. 

11

Self-Determination 

Theory (Overview) 

12 

Ideally we want to develop another form of motivation, 

Autonomous Motivation, in our players as this leads 

to them taking ownership of their own performance 

and development in the longer term. It also leads to a 

greater sense of satisfaction in players when they reach 

certain milestones, both as individual performers and as 

a collective group of players. Self-Determination Theory 

was developed by two renowned psychologists, Edward 

Deci & Richard Ryan, who spent many years looking at 

various forms of motivation to identify what combined the 

most effective performances, greater long-term persistence 

and most positive psychological health. The three basic 

psychological needs that must be met for optimal 

autonomous motivation are: autonomy, competence and 

relatedness. 

Autonomy 

Allowing players to have an element of autonomy or 

choice helps to build greater buy-in and ownership as 

they feel more involved in the decision-making aspect 

of their development. Giving players full responsibility 

for their own training schedule is simply not realistic and 

would often lead to too many conflicting wishes among 

an entire panel. It can also lead to too many “stronger” 

characters dominating the various decisions that are made 

to suit their own needs. Some simple strategies that can be 

implemented to include an element of choice or autonomy 

for players in a group are: 

• A questionnaire at the start of the season to determine 

the most suitable training days and times (7.30 or 

8pm? Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday or Wednesday, 

Friday, Sunday?). 

• Developing 3 to 4 different RAMP warm-ups that include 

the necessary skills of the game and allow players to 

choose which one they use for championship day. 

• Allow athletes to lead their own cool down or mobility 

routine with the exercises they feel most beneficial. 

• Allow some options in the gym programme where 

players can select their preferred option (such as front 

squat or trap bar deadlift as their core lower body lift; 

dumbbell or barbell bench press; etc.,). 

• Allowing players to create their own playlist for the 

dressing room or bus to matches. 

• Create their own list of preferred foods for after training 

or matches when a budget may allow for recovery meals. 

• Ask players to come up names or titles of various 

formations, individual positions/roles or in-game 

strategies (such as purple formation, orange formation, 

plus 1, etc.,) 

Competence 

This is the ability to do something successfully or efficiently 

and is task specific. It is important to note that feelings of 

competence can differ across sports and across skills within 

a sport. For example, a goalkeeper may have high levels of 

competence at shot stopping or striking over long distances 

but may have low competence at soloing or handpassing 

accurately. A player’s perception of their own level of 

competence, perceived competence, has a huge impact on 

how likely they are to try a new sport, remain involved in 

a new sport or even to try new things within a sport they 

currently play (such as a defender trying the forwards or 

vice versa). Female players consistently display lower levels 

of perceived competence than their male counterparts. This 

often leads to lower levels of enjoyment from sport and a

lower likelihood to try new sporting experiences. Highlighting 

players increased levels of competence or ability in Camogie 

or specific skills within the game can hugely benefit their 

levels of perceived competence. Providing opportunities for 

players to notice their own levels of improvement through 

mini-assessments and through coaches feedback can lead to 

greater enjoyment and more openness to new experiences. 

Some strategies that can be incorporated to increase or 

highlight improvements in competence are: 

• Coaches praising effort. As we praise the effort a player 

makes they are more likely to focus on the longer 

process which leads to improvements in competence 

over time. 

• Feedback Sandwich. Highlighting strengths around 

areas for improvement helps to build a players 

confidence while still providing further areas to 

develop. E.g. “You rise the sliotar to a really nice height 

when taking a free, I’d like to see you follow through in the 

direction of the target but you have a very good grip on 

the hurl at full length”. 

• Design some skill-based stations that are available for 

players to get extra practice before and after training. 

Autonomy can also be incorporated here by asking 

players what skills they feel may need extra practice. 

• Celebrate notable improvements for individuals and 

the group. 

• Incorporate some ‘basic’ or ‘easy’ drills about once per 

week. This helps players feel they are successful at 

something. This is especially helpful when sandwiched 

by more complex skills or games as players can be 

reminded that they struggled with the current skills or 

drill when they first began and have now mastered it 

and the same can be done for the current skill. 

Relatedness 

Known as the state of being related or connected and can be 

a little bit harder to identify in a group. It’s often known as 

the unique bond between a group of players and may take 

quite a bit of time for groups to fully integrate with each 

other. This connection can be between the group of players, 

between the coach and players or between the players and 

the wider club/county community. A group of players that 

feel a closer bond derive greater enjoyment from success 

and are more supportive of each other when they lose. They 

are also more likely to put in greater effort during matches 

and training, and make a greater effort to attend all team 

events. When players and coaches feel more connected they 

are likely to seek out honest feedback (in both directions), 

demand higher standards of each other and enjoy time 

spent at training. Players who feel more connected to their 

team and wider community also derive greater enjoyment 

from victory and are more likely to stay involved in the 

sport for a longer period of time, often well past when 

their playing careers have ended. Feelings of relatedness 

between players, coaches and the wider community tend to 

develop within interactions focused on showing interest in 

the players as individuals, their lives outside of the sport and 

learning what type of feedback they best respond to. Some 

strategies that can be used to develop relatedness among 

your group of players are: 

• Make time for players to connect during training 

sessions or when going to games. Having some food 

after training or games provides an opportunity for them 

to congregate and chat over tea, sandwiches, yogurt, 

etc., 

• The shared playlist mentioned above for autonomy can 

also help players to connect over some shared interests 

in genres of music. 

• Playing internal games based on smaller regions of the 

town or parish can help to bond players together and 

with their wider community. 

• Ensuring you speak to all players once a fortnight about 

something not related to Camogie. School, college, their 

job or any other interests you discover they have. 

• Organising events that allow the players to bond as a 

group without a specific focus on Camogie such as a 

trip to a local beach, a local adventure centre, or a group 

fundraiser for the club or charity. 

Incorporating SDT In Your Own Way 

Many of the suggestions outlined above would suit my own 

philosophy and coaching style. If you wish to implement 

self-determination theory into your own coaching practices 

then it’s important that you trial some strategies that fit with 

your own style and methods. Some simple methods such as 

anonymous questionnaires to gather feedback from players 

helps them feel like they’re involved in the coaching process 

and therefore have greater autonomy. Identifying potential 

leaders in a leadership group and having them interact with a 

certain group of players, especially when integrating younger 

players into a panel can help to develop both relatedness and 

autonomy if they’re given specific responsibilities throughout 

the season. Focusing on certain skills or aspects of play and 

encouraging the team to ‘master’ these specific aspects also 

develops a higher level of perceived competence in their own 

ability and is likely to transfer to more confident performers. 

Focusing on aspects that are largely within the players own 

control also helps to develop higher levels of competence as 

opposed to winning matches, especially in younger players 

when mismatches in ability are more likely. Trialling your own 

strategies with an open mind and a willingness to adapt and 

evolve over time will lead to more bought-in, engaged and 

confident athletes who are likely to garner more enjoyment 

and stay involved in the sport for the longer term. 

13

Inspire to play, 

empower to stay 


People form a lot of their opinions from the world of 

professional sports. They often become fascinated 

with the idea of finding the next Rory McIlroy, Tiger 

Woods, Lionel Messi, Angela Downey and Gemma 

O’Connor. In my job – coaching in primary schools - we are 

often asked “who the next superstar is going to be?” or “I 

bet you can really spot the talented children”. The truth is 

that there is no way of predicting the future. Not alone is it 

a wasted exercise it is also a dangerous exercise. It leads to 

two things – elitism and exclusion. 

14 

A lot of papers and books have been written on the idea 

of nature versus nurture. While some can argue the point 

that good genetics are important, most articles suggest 

that opportunity is far more important. When we coach 

we shouldn’t discriminate between children. The primary 

school curriculum states that all activities must involve 

100% of the children 100% of the time. This enables 

every child to participate in all classes including Physical 

Education, where they play and learn. In a Primary school 

all children should get an equal opportunity. That could 

happen but there are always ways of causing exclusion – 

competitions, teams, captains etc. 

The things that cause exclusion to happen are usually really 

worthwhile activities that also cause so much good to 

happen. They often reward effort and hard work, promote 

practice and devotion to improvement and help a group of 

children to feel part of something special. In small schools, 

a team can often consist of everyone in 5 th and 6 th class. 

That can be a really special where everyone is needed. 

However in larger schools, a team may only consist of a 

tiny percentage of the class. A lot of children are omitted 

because they are perceived not good enough. 

Fear plays a big role in the growth of elitism. People are 

often afraid that their talented players won’t develop 

properly if they are allowed to play with the “not so good 

ones”. Somehow, they feel it would be better to group 

these best players together so that they might improve at 

a faster rate. There is a logic in that opinion especially for 

a sport like Gymnastics where they peak around 16 years 

of age. Camogie players should still be improving in their 

mid to late 20’s so there shouldn’t be a hurry. So many 

other sports plan their futures around the goal of winning 

an Olympic medal. They set up high performance training 

programmes for an elite few in the hope that it may result in 

some success. Their values are based on winning. 

The mission statement of the Camogie Association is “To 

provide opportunities to enjoy and play Camogie asa 

vibrant part of the Gaelic Games Family.” One of the main 

values of the Association is to “maximise participation”. We 

are an amateur organisation. We don’t need to find the next 

superstar because that isn’t part of our values system. Of all 

the children who join a GAA club an average 10% of those 

go on to play on their clubs first team. Of that 10%, 3% 

play senior inter county. It is a very small number and it will 

continue to be. If our main focus is on senior inter county, 

we exclude the vast majority of players. However when 

we commit ourselves to the development of the games in 

every school and club and endeavour to provide a games 

programme for all people who wish to play then we will fill 

our pitches the games will be healthier as a result. 

Camogie has huge potential for growth and while there are 

vibrant Camogie areas, there are also vast regions where 

little or no hurling or camogie is played. It doesn’t have 

to remain that way. In Co. Clare where I work a couple of 

new clubs like Kilkee/Belaha have established. While it is 

everyones dream in these clubs that one day they would 

become like Slaughtneil or Milford, there is a far bigger 

story being told because of the opportunity young children 

get from the existence of the club. 

Young people need to belong more today than ever before 

in the worlds history. There is so much emphasis on the 

need to be famous in youth culture. Many teenagers don’t 

care what they are famous for as long as they are noticed. 

Most sporting organisations only target the most talented

players. In the USA nearly all people give up sport –American 

football, basketball, baseball, ice hockey- when they fail to 

reach a high level. The Camogie Association can offer an 

opportunity to all young people to belong, to be part of a 

group and to gain recognition by wearing the colours of a 

club or school. Many clubs are playing their part in reducing 

exclusion by fielding extra teams in competitions. The 

youth of today need more of these outlets where they can 

feel comfortable playing without the pressure of having to 

be at the highest standard. 

Player develop at different rates. Development is nonlinear. 

That is why we see so many players emerging in their 

20’s who may have missed out on county minor or county 

under 21. Kilkenny’s Shane Prendergast got his first start in 

the 2015 All-Ireland final at the age of 29. Unfortunately 

many others have setbacks along the way, predict their 

own future and drop out from Sport completely. That is a 

choice that they are entitled to make. However as coaches 

we have a duty to minimise dropout by promoting inclusion 

wherever possible. 

The Swedish Football Association have come up with the 

slogan “as many as possible for as long as possible”. They, 

according to the head of one of their regions, have taken 

the decision to abolish their “district elite” teams. “When 

we took this decision for the sake of the children, it was a 

very easy decision. Our mission is not to exclude children 

and young people”. They discovered that bringing players 

into elite squads at an early age wasn’t always beneficial for 

that player. The same often applies to the GAA. Making a big 

deal about a 13 or 14 year old boy or girl, who still has a long 

way to go – physically, mentally and socially is a dangerous 

exercise. These players shouldn’t be put up on a pedestal. 

We cannot predict what the future will hold for them. 

15

Coach Education 

& Continuous 

Learning 

By Paul O’Brien 

It is that time of the year where teams have put their 

plans in place for 2018 and hopefully a long season 

ahead. It is the time of good intentions and the best 

of ideas for what will unfold in the coming months 

before letting the excitement unfold over the summer. We 

lay out the best of plans and have great intentions but do 

we always follow them through to their culmination. We 

often hit stumbling blocks along the way and by god the 

stumbling blocks come in many forms. 

“Improvise, Adapt, Overcome” is a much lauded mantra of the 

US Marines. Coaching and managing teams is very much a 

case of this. Over the course of the next few months, things 

will not always go as planned and you will be presented 

with problems that need addressing. As a coach or manager 

you will need to be able to deal with situations differently to 

how you previously dealt with them and the same problem 

dealt with the same way could equally result in a different 

outcome. 

A mentor who is continuously looking to improve is likely 

to be best placed in dealing with the varying issues that 

present themselves in the coming months. Here are a few 

small ideas that could be beneficial to you in the next 

twelve months and could be the small percentages that we 

often hear are the difference between winning and losing. 

1 Formal Coach Education. While we all think we 

have a good understanding of what is required 

to be a successful coach or manager, there are so 

many elements and the Camogie coaching pathway 

provides the framework to get a solid understanding 

of the many aspects that are required to be a highly 

functional coach or manager. 

2 Keep a diary. It might sound very basic but it will 

help you in looking back at how things went during 

the year in training sessions or dealing with players. 

Be critical of yourself in it and challenge yourself on 

the smallest issues, thus allowing for their frequency 

to be reduced as the year progresses. 

3 Read a book. There are many great sports books 

and other books out there that can help you in the 

functioning of your set up. They don’t have to be 

camogie or even GAA books. Look into other arenas 

to see how things that are working there can be 

transferred into the meeting rooms, dressing rooms 

or Camogie fields to enable you to improve. 

4 Coaching workshops. Get to one or more of these, 

they are becoming far more frequent and are often 

poorly attended. I know the Camogie association are 

looking to run a number of these during the year, with 

some great and varied topics which looking at the 

tutors will be excellent. There are also many others 

being run on the hurling side of things that can be 

easily transferable. 

16

5 Watching Games. Many times we watch sport we 

often disengage and just watch for the pieces of 

brilliance or the moments of suspense and drama. 

There is often way more in watching a football, rugby 

or basketball match that can be transferable to our 

own code and can give us the chance to make a 

gain in a certain area by using a technique that has 

been successful in another sport, as primarily a lot 

of invasion team sports can learn massively of the 

thoughts of coaches in other codes. 

6 Training sessions. If you can endeavour to go 

and coach another age group in the club or do a 

session for a friend in another club. There are certain 

differences within each team dynamic and being able 

to appreciate and understand these are critical to 

making subtle adjustments within your own team. 

7 Mentor Reviews. These are often undertaken at the 

end of the year and are often shaped by the outcome 

of the last game of the season. Can you do them 

more regularly and at stages in the year when real 

substance can be taken from them? They can be 

invaluable if done in an open and honest format. 

8 Coach mentoring. You would be surprised at the 

willingness of coaches within your club or even 

outside to come and assess what you are doing and 

give honest feedback on what they felt went well 

or not in a given match or training session. An open 

dialogue here is critical and massive learning can 

take place. 

So while at times we may just look to drive forward with 

our own ideas and personal views despite evidence that 

suggests it may not always be the best course of action. We 

are not dealing with the myriad of problems and struggles 

that the US Marines are dealing with but we can always look 

to use their mantra. “Improvise, Adapt, Overcome.” 

17

Goalkeeping is 

just different 

By Mark Cooney 

Goalkeeping is just different. Everyone says they’re 

crazy or they would be mad to play there in the first 

place. It’s more of a case of working under pressure, 

a different type of pressure. It’s about looking at the 

game in a different way. 

Whether it be picking out the slither to restart the attack or 

be the last player in line to save the shot, over the year’s 

goalkeeping has evolved and will keep doing so as the player 

demands get higher, quicker and faster. 

From been the shot stopping sliotar playing net minder to 

the now more inclusive role with new dynamics such as 

distribution, sweeping, positioning, and improved physical 

conditioning the role of goalkeeper would suggest moments 

of madness but ones to be calculated and focused. 

Over the last number of years goalkeepers Aoife Murray, 

Emma Kavanagh and Sarah Healy have been at the top of 

their game for many years along with many other goalkeepers 

around the country north and south east and west knowing 

the importance of their role in the teams attacking and 

defensive structures. 

For me personally it’s about doing the simple things well 

and the learnings they bring from scenarios in games and 

training, positive or negative. 

“Dam I forced that puckout, could I have went short’’ 

“Could be a shot at goal here. Watch my post she is coming 

in on my right side, are the backs touch tight’’ 

The fundamentals of shot stopping, hand eye co-ordination, 

aerial ability, game management, communication and safety 

are all components of the modern-day camogie or hurling 

goalkeeper not to mention speed and agility, sweeping and 

the puckout even in its simplicity must be practiced. 

It’s about the blend of all the above to maximise yourself 

on every aspect of the game. 

It’s countless hours on and off the field. 

Repetition, repetition, repetition. 

You need that mental toughness, that so called edge that 

supposedly makes you mad to play on the goal in the first 

place. 

These are some of the self-talks or observations a goalkeeper 

may go through at any stage in a game which is no different to 

any other player further out the field in a position specific role. 

It makes sense now in the modern game for a goalkeeping unit 

to have a coach not only at county but even at club level even 

if it’s sporadic as it’s such a position specific role with different 

details of attention. 

18

The Assist & 

Challenge Model - 

More than a Technical 

Coaching Tool 

By Ross Corbett 

Games Based Coaching Model 

On the Level 2 camogie coaching course we talk 

about the Assist and Challenge Model (illustrated 

above) and how we can use this concept within 

our coaching to develop our players skills of the 

game. What we sometimes neglect is how we can use this 

model to develop much more than individual skills. Can we 

use the model to develop our environment, can we use it 

to develop as a team can we use this away from the field to 

help with a players physical or psychological development? 

I like to view all aspects of coaching and management as 

one big repeating cycle of the assist and challenge model. 

During Lockdown 1.0 we all became engrossed in “The 

Last Dance”, to me the whole show screamed of assist and 

challenge. Was Phil Jackson constantly deciding whether 

there was assistance or challenge? Definitely not, but he 

allowed his on court leader to lead the process. Think of 

Michael Jordan and Steve Kerr, there was a lot of challenge 

and it worked for Steve Kerr who came up big to win the 

Chicago Bulls the 1997 championship game. Flip that on 

its head, Denis Rodman….. a lot of assistance from both 

coaches and players. In another Netflix documentary 

“Sir Alex Ferguson, Secrets of Success” Ryan Giggs talks 

about how he regrets responding particularly well to 

Fergusons “hair dryer” treatment(a challenge) in his early 

at Manchester United, in other scenes Cristiano Ronaldo 

speaks of Fergusons assisting approach in helping to 

develop him as player and a person. Assist and challenge in 

management? Absolutely. 

In Bernard Brogans book “The Hill” he describes a scene 

where he is working on video analysis clips with Paul 

Mannion in the lead up to the 2019 All Ireland Final. 

Bernard is pointing out types of runs and elements of 

positioning that he thinks Paul can add to his armory. In 

another scene Bernard describes a discussion with Eoghan 

O Gara before an in-house game prior to the 2019 All 

Ireland Final. Eoghan and Bernard lay down the challenge 

to each other to make one last push to reclaim their places 

on the 26-man squad. Bernard was not the only one taking 

this approach, other examples arise of Jonny Cooper and 

Kevin McManamon laying down the challenge to a group 

or individual or assisting another along the way. Be it 

consciously or subconsciously, had Jim Gavin facilitated 

assist and challenge in team building or group culture? 

Absolutely. 

19

When we think about linking these examples to our coaching/ 

management scenario, the possibilities are endless. 

Take video analysis for example, can we create occasions 

of assist and challenge here? Absolutely. The challenge can 

be can we cause X turnovers inside our attacking 45, we 

can “fuel the will” by making this our challenge. To assist 

the team members in meeting the challenge maybe this 

requires additional focus on opposition puck outs, work 

rate/ tackle count of our inside forwards, support from our 

half forwards and so on. This whole process may not happen 

exclusively as a group of course, maybe there are some 5 

minute 1 on 1 coaching opportunities where a particular 

element is assisted be that in reading the goalkeeper or 

tackling technique. For other players this 1 on 1 might look 

like greater challenge regarding tackle count or turnovers. 

We can also view the whole realm of strength & conditioning 

as assist and challenge. Some weeks we train harder for 

longer or lift heavier in the gym, other weeks we train at 

lower intensities or volumes…. the assist and challenge 

model wheel is constantly turning. 

This is before we even consider the application of the 

model in our technical sessions as a means of technical and 

tactical development individually and team wise. Maybe 

you are moving through this model on a day-to-day basis. 

If not, maybe the model is something to think about away 

from as well as on the field of play. 

The simple corridor conversation on game week can easily 

be framed as an opportunity for assistance or challenge. 

Think of the player coming of the back of an excellent 

performance the week before, can she be subtly challenged 

to take her performance to another level again by a simple 

question or comment? On the other hand, can a girl who has 

struggled last week be assisted through a simple comment 

or discussion regarding her next opponent? 

20

The Importance 

of Trust 

By Anna Marie 

McCarthy 

As coaches we are always on the lookout for ways 

to make our teams more successful, but success 

can be defined in a variety of ways; winning 

championships, attracting new players, retaining 

current players or creating a cohesive team environment. 

Jowett (2005) explains that one factor that contributes to 

team success is trust and that lack of lack of trust can affect 

a team’s focus, performance, and contribute to the loss of a 

player’s confidence in the team, the coach, and one another. 

Therefore, whether we are coaching children or adults, 

county teams or social camogie, we need to develop trust. 

coach. However, it’s important to remember that we are all 

human so will make mistakes and that’s’ ok too. When we 

make the inevitable mistakes, like forgetting the jerseys or 

arriving late to an important match warm-up we just need to 

take a few minutes to accept responsibility and apologise. 

Admitting to mistakes can be difficult as it makes us feel 

vulnerable, but it can be this vulnerability that helps us to 

build stronger relationships with our players. 

For coaches of juvenile players, the Camogie Association’s 

Code of Behaviour for players, coaches and parents, clearly 

lays out the what each party has the right to expect and the 

responsibility to do within their clubs. 

How to Build Trust 

Communicate your vision for the team 

A clear vision for the teams’ future lets them know the 

direction in which the team is heading. When coaches 

create measurable goals with the team, players can have 

an input in and understand what is expected of them and 

what they can expect from the coach. Some examples of 

goals are listed below: 

• To be promoted at the end of the season 

• To improve the puck out won/lost ratio by 15% by the 

start of the season 

• To improve player’s basic camogie skills 

• To ensure that every player gets meaningful playing 

time in matches 

• For players to have fun during training sessions 

• For players to have improved their physical fitness 

Defining Roles and Responsibilities 

If we are to build trust, we first need to be clear on what 

players can expect from us and what we expect from them. It 

can be as simple as letting the team know that you’ll always 

be planned, prepared and on time or early for training and 

matches. Or it may be more detailed, explaining the roles 

of the head coach, goalkeeper coach, selectors and S and C 

21

Building Confidence 

Players need to have confidence that the coach will help 

them develop their skills and tactics. Coaches who give 

players specific feedback, which is either positive or aimed 

at helping them improve, arm them with confidence in 

what they are already doing or advice to improve without 

embarrassing or demeaning them. Examples of this include: 

• Sophie, that was a great catch, you had your eyes on 

the ball and protected your hand with your hurley 

• Aoibhe, that was a brilliant catch, it was a pity Destiny 

was able to hook your strike. What could you have 

done to avoid being hooked? 

Trust your own decisions and your players within matches. 

Often we can become nervous when a match starts off 

badly and question our well thought out decisions about 

player positions or tactics. But sometimes we just need to 

give the players time to settle into the game, particularly 

if you are trying a new tactic or have moved a player to an 

unfamiliar position. This can be hard to do, especially if you 

are hearing criticism from the sidelines or your co-coaches 

are also becoming nervous. Think about why you made 

those decisions, encourage the players and remember that 

if you don’t give the player or tactic a chance you won’t 

know if it would have worked or not. That’s not to say that 

there are times that you will need to make changes during 

a match but try to ensure that you’re making them for the 

right reasons and not because you are feeling pressured 

into it by spectators. 

Broken Trust 

Probably the most important thing to remember is, once 

broken, trust can be extremely hard to win back. For 

example, when a player who has missed several training 

sessions, for no apparent reason, is named in the starting 

15 it can break the trust between the team and the coach. It 

tells players that it doesn’t matter if they turn up to training 

or not, or worse, that it’s only important for some but not for 

others. To try to avoid these situations, coaches can attempt 

to predict issues like this pre-season and include the team 

in deciding how they should be handled when they arise. 

Best of luck with next season and remember to trust in 

yourself as well as your team. 

Team Building 

Effective team building exercises can raise the levels of 

cohesion which Carron et al. (1998) define as “a dynamic 

process which is reflected in the tendency for a group 

to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its 

goals.” It can be particularly important when players are 

transitioning from one age group to another or from minor 

to senior. 

Team building can occur both in an organic (coming from 

behind to win a close game) or manufactured (organised 

activity) way, but the key ingredient is authenticity. 

Painting the clubhouse can be just as beneficial as the team 

weekend away as long as there is unity of purpose and 

‘buy-in’ from all stakeholders. Giving the players autonomy 

by involving them in all or some aspects of planning the 

activity can help to achieve this ‘buy in.’ 

22

The Power of 

Habits 


I am your constant companion. 

I am your greatest helper or heaviest burden. 

I will push you onward or drag you down to failure. 

I am completely at your command. 

Half of the things you do you might as well turn over 

to me and I will do them - quickly and correctly. 

I am easily managed - you must be firm with me. 

Show me exactly how you want something done 

and after a few lessons, I will do it automatically. 

I am the servant of great people, and alas, of all 

failures as well. 

Those who are great, I have made great. 

Those who are failures, I have made failures. 

I am not a machine though I work with the precision 

of a machine plus the intelligence of a person. 

You may run me for profit or run me for ruin - it 

makes no difference to me. 

Take me, train me, be firm with me, and I will place 

the world at your feet. 

Be easy with me and I will destroy you. 

Who am I? I am Habit”. 

This poem teaches us the power of habits. Everything 

we do is learned. From the way we stand and sit to 

the way we walk and talk, to how we run, jump, kick, 

strike, look, listen. The way we react to success and 

failure. Most people are distinguishable by their habits. 

We can recognise most singers on the radio by their voice, 

even when they sing a brand new song. We can recognise 

individual hurlers and camogie players by the way they 

carry themselves on a field. Even if they get a new hairstyle 

or wear a different helmet they are distinguishable by their 

own unique style and while some people can copy them, 

they can never be them. 

One of the biggest coaching tasks is to help players form 

good habits. We get our best chance to do this when 

players are young. In order to help players form good habits 

we need to have good knowledge of technical, physical and 

the mental habits that players require to perform well. We 

help players identify what their habits are and why they 

may need to break old habits or form new ones. Our bad 

habits are generally what let us down when we come under 

pressure. As coaches we should be aware of our own habits 

and how we can change them when the need arises. 

William Wordsworth said that “habits rule the unreflecting 

herd”. We often hear that we are creatures of habit and that 

when we come under pressure we revert to type. That means 

we do the thing we have done previously. Great coaches 

can help players to replace harmful and wasteful habit’s 

with effective habits. So what are the harmful habits and 

what can we do to replace them? The most harmful habit 

in the world today is the idea that we are helpless. Martin 

Seligman the great American psychologist has coined the 

phrase “learned helplessness”. Learned helplessness is 

when we get put off by early failures in our lives and we 

believe that there is nothing we can do when faced with 

challenges in the future. 

23

The ancient Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu said that our 

thoughts become our words, our words become our 

actions and then our actions become our habits. What we 

think and how we think is vital to the formation of habits. 

Henry Ford said “Whether you think you can, or you think 

you can’t – you’re right,” If a child thinks that they will never 

be able to master a skill of hurling, then they won’t be able 

to master it. If they think they can they will. If a coach thinks 

a child will never be any good, it is likely that message will 

transmit to the child and the coach will be proven right. If 

a community believes that their area will never be good at 

camogie or hurling, it will be impossible for the games to 

thrive. However if a few people could think that their club 

could produce good hurlers, start saying it and then put it 

into action by organising training sessions, communicating 

with others in the parish and beyond, attending coaching 

courses and teaching good habits to children then hurling 

and camogie should succeed. 

I recently had the pleasure of sitting down with a successful 

rugby coach in the hope of developing my own coaching. 

The thing that struck me very early in the conversation 

was that he was the complete opposite of helpless. He 

didn’t utter a negative word. He only spoke about instilling 

belief in players and fellow coaches, making training an 

enjoyable and hardworking place and avoiding outdated 

practices that are not relevant to the game the players play. 

In the GAA family we can easily be in a state of learned 

helplessness. We can believe that we are powerless and 

unable to fend for ourselves. We can live in the illusion 

that other people are to blame for our failures. Everyone 

can get it from the administrators in Croke Park, to the 

county boards, the media, referees and umpires. Many 

of us devote a huge amount of time to blaming things 

that are way beyond our control. We often hear people 

complaining that “the coach doesn’t like me, he never 

picks me”, “the referee is biased” and “everyone hates 

us”. Very often children receive feedback in their homes 

and communities that they are hard done by. This leads to 

learned helplessness. The child grows up with an excuse 

for everything. 

Coaches can have a huge impact on the lives of people in 

a community. The interaction between coaches and players 

can help these people to develop lifelong skills that they 

can use in all walks of life. The biggest skill we can teach 

our players is resilience. We teach them resilience by 

empowering them. We empower them by giving away some 

of our power. We teach them that we trust them to make 

decisions, to cope under pressure and not alone to survive 

but to flourish. 

The final word to the coach I met recently - “sport doesn’t 

build character, it tests it”. 

The opposite of learned helplessness is resilience. 

Resilience is a great habit. Resilience means that when bad 

stuff happens I can cope. A referee can make a mistake and 

we can still win. A coach may decide not to pick me and I 

can use it as a learning opportunity. Resilient people do not 

need to be served. Coaches should do their utmost to help 

players learn resilience. This might start by always getting 

them to put out and pick up cones, count balls before and 

after training and provide opportunities for them to deal 

with success and small failures. 

24

Ditch the 

Drills 


A quick google search for the definition of the term “drill” 

comes up with the following; 

1. ‘Instruction or training in military exercises’ 

2. ‘Intensive instruction or training in something, typically 

by means of repeated exercises’ 

3. ‘A rehearsal of the procedure to be followed in an 

emergency’ 

Now for years the language around training has been about 

drills, drills, drills. I do not see why a GAA field in the country 

needs to be doing anything with the above definitions. 

Camogie is an expressive, free and exciting game. We do not 

want to completely curb the creativity of our sport, we want 

to be able to allow our players to fully express themselves 

and showcase their craft and skill. 

Drills do not help to build creativity and they actually 

curtail decision making capabilities as the decision making 

process is removed from them as the coach (I use that term 

loosely in this instance) is making all of the decisions for 

them with the regimented exercise. We need a situation 

where exercises are laid out and at various stages in an 

exercise that the player is faced with a choice to make and 

she chooses one or the other, it might even be that she is 

faced with a myriad of choices and decides to go with one 

that leads her down a specific path. 

25

• Skill Performance Exercise – based on the way the 

game goes give players the chance to try out a skill 

they did not perform well in the game. (10 mins) 

• Game – with a condition which tries to get the skill 

that was originally lacking to be performed better. 

(10 mins) 

• Skill Performance Exercise – what was lacking the 

second time around in the game is focused on here. 

(10 mins) 

• Game – The game is played again and hopefully 

the two areas which where focused on in the skill 

performance exercises have seen improvement. (10 

mins) 

That is a simple way of running a session but it does require 

you to be able to think on your feet and set up a skill 

performance exercise in limited time based on what is not 

going well in the game situations. 

Drills look nice and they can appear slick, as the skills 

are being performed in a format which is uncontested 

and is purely about skill execution. Many coaches 

pride themselves on elaborate drills which are like 

choreographed ballet sets but this isn’t camogie, camogie 

is about making mistakes and recovering from them. As 

a coach if you are comfortable in your own skin and you 

believe in what you are doing, don’t be fooled by flashy 

drills, be comfortable with mistakes galore occurring in 

your training session and phases of play breaking down, 

with the players ending up learning something different to 

what you originally intended. 

You are probably tired of hearing about the requirement for 

games based training and that drills are outdated. I would 

provide the following as a possible manner in which to 

approach a training session which will cater for the skills of 

the game and any amount of games based activities. 

• Warm Up – Ball based, ball to a player, focus on 

exploration of the skills and trying new things, 

multiple touches and warming the body for the 

game of camogie (10 mins) 

• Game – Limited rules just playing the game, small 

sided with possibly two games going ahead, which 

means four teams, so opportunity for three different 

games playing each of the other teams. (10 mins) 

You may well feel uncomfortable with this manner of a 

training session as it puts yourself out there for ridicule if 

you make up an exercise on the spot and it doesn’t work 

as intended. DON’T WORRY!!!! In a society where we are 

often tricked by the flashy new edition or the automated 

activities, we are starting to put ourselves out there less in 

terms of creativity and taking a chance. The training field 

should be place where you feel comfortable to try things 

and provide a way for girls to try things in an environment 

that welcomes mistakes and cherishes them. We can’t do 

this with drills which are, ‘Intensive instruction or training in 

something, typically by means of repeated exercises’ 

“We are starting to 

put ourselves out 

there less in terms of 

creativity and taking 

a chance.” 

26

Coaching Pests 

By Liam Moggan 

It’s not today nor yesterday that I cycled from Ballygaddy 

Road Tuam to Griffith Avenue Dublin to meet Bro. 

Seamus Crowe for my first teaching job. Tom Lane had 

set off earlier in his lorry with other paraphernalia and 

dropped them at my brothers flat in Rathmines. I remember 

the exact spot where I met him on his return journey. He 

beeped. I waved. He beeped more. I waved more. Jaysus, the 

excitement of it! 

The cycle was no bother. I was in my mid-twenties. I was as 

fit as a butcher’s dog. I wanted to do it. The three-speed bike 

with the back carrier, the 130 miles, the hours in the saddle 

are not principle parts of the story of that heaven-sent day. 

Seeing Tom hang out of the lorry and watching Bro. Crowe 

laugh in disbelief are incidents beyond my words, but I’ll 

never forget them. 

The real story is that on that day a seed was planted to cycle 

that journey in the opposite direction. I’d set out from Dublin, 

cross the country and pedal joyfully down the final 250m of 

Ballygaddy Road. That’s the real story of that day. A dream 

about another day was created. A process was triggered. 

So what’s all this got to do with coaching? A lot really. 

There’s a dream within all of us. A passion, a goal, a desire 

to do something deeply personal. It rests there out of view, 

waiting for a nudge, waiting for encouragement, waiting to 

be released. Waiting for a coach. Dreams never go away. 

Every child, every adult is a dreamer. They wait, wait for an 

invitation, for a moment, for a chance to make their dream 

a reality. Coaches are perfectly placed to tap into fertile 

minds. Coaching is about helping people transform private 

dreams out into the open. 

Coaches can be PESTs. They can plan, encourage, support 

and give time, time. Coaches are in a privileged position to 

execute complex skills. It’s not a role handed to everyone or 

made for everyone. It has responsibilities. It has challenges. 

Like an old record I repeat the mantra that ‘we coach people, 

not sport’. People are the medium ; sport the distraction. 

The coach who plans, encourages, supports and gives time, 

time is a jewel in any club. They are PESTs of a powerful, 

potent kind. They can unearth talent and help develop and 

sustain it. I thought I knew what talent was. I looked for 

criteria and matched them to a protype that allowed the 

talent label be attached. Now I’m not too sure what talent is. 

Talent is as much about luck as anything else. Given 

encouragement, support and time, most dreams take care 

of themselves. Talent is often the good fortune of meeting 

someone who offers you the opportunity to play, to enjoy, 

to practice, to improve, to take measured steps towards your 

dream. Not their dream. Talented players are all around us. 

It’s our challenge to unfurl their potential. 

I’ve been lucky to meet significant people at significant times. 

They helped me progress along a path I was loitering around. 

They were PESTs who encouraged, supported and patiently 

planned my time as well as their own. Are any of us talented? 

Or are we lucky to meet the right people at the right time? 

A quarter of a century later the call of Ballygaddy Road still 

bellowed. A trip was planned. Cycling into Mountbellew I got 

very hungry and very weak. A woman who had closed her 

coffee shop for the day gave me two left-over scones. Those 

raisin-less scones powered me over the final sixteen miles. 

That day she was my Coach, the right person at the right time. 

I relied on her. She may or may not have known about cycling, 

but she came up trumps with what I needed. When we nail 

it, we nail it, for that moment at least! Be a PEST. Tap into 

someone’s dream and enjoy many exciting coaching days. 

Miles to Run and Promises to Keep 

27

Retention is the 

Name of the Game 

By Mickey Quigg 

What is retention and why is it Important? 

Simply put, players who get nothing out of playing the 

game, will quit. We shouldn’t expect players to participate 

in something, which doesn’t positively impact their life. 

Retention should not just be viewed as the same twenty girls 

you had the previous season coming back into the team. 

Retention should be observed as retaining girls through 

difficult age grades, sport having a positive effect on their 

lives, new players joining and older players coming back. The 

Women’s Sports Foundation’s report “Her Life Depends On It 

III” examined data from over 1,500 studies that demonstrate 

the importance of sport and physical activity for women 

and young girls. The report found that, staying active and 

participating in physical activity can prevent chronic diseases 

such as obesity and heart disease, and lower rates of 

substance abuse. Furthermore, girls will have better mental 

health, higher self-image and confidence levels, improved 

teamwork and communication skills, increased graduation 

rates, and leadership skills that can lead to achievement 

opportunities in school and at work. 

This can come down to many factors: perhaps the trainings 

and matches are too competitive and winning focused – 

they are put under too much pressure to perform rather 

than enjoy the sport. On the flip side, perhaps your players 

are training hard and not being rewarded with game time. 

Remember, every player develops at different rates. Brian 

Fenton (2018, 2020 Footballer of the Year) of Dublin GAA 

didn’t play County Minor until his last year. Orla O’Dwyer 

who currently plays AFL for Brisbane didn’t make the 

Tipperary County Camogie team or Ladies Football team 

until she was 18. Every player needs to be treated equally 

and fairly – and given as many opportunities as possible to 

develop - if they leave the sport at 14 their development 

stops there. 

Why do players leave? 

Before we look at retaining players, we need to understand 

why females leave sport, particularly within a GAA/ 

Camogie context. Current research on female youth reveals 

that having fun, keeping fit, and being with friends are key 

motivators for female youth PA participation. Other studies 

have shown that internal factors such as confidence, 

pressure, embarrassment, or negative self-belief, lack of 

female role models, and other hobbies or commitments that 

result in a lack of time or preference for sport are the main 

barriers for female youth (Farmer. 2018:112). Work and 

School commitments can sometimes play a part – however 

the main barriers to girls leaving sport can majority of the 

time come down to not enjoying the sport or having fun. 

28

Success Indicators 

Every coach wants their team to be successful – but what 

constitutes a successful year shouldn’t be defined by 

winning or losing the Championship. Whether you coach 

U6 or Senior, every coach’s aim for their team should 

be enjoyment, the development and improvement of 

skills, gaining friendships and developing meaningful 

relationships, and learning positive life lessons. If we are 

conscious of these success indicators our team’s level of 

retention will always be high. 

Soft Learning 

To develop close bonds and emotional relationships, 

coaches should observe how they coach and not just what 

they coach. Play a game, make it fun, use your imagination 

– those are the training activities players will remember. 

Consider organising a team bonding day - relationships 

between team members are essential on and off the 

pitch. So, too, is the relationship between coach and team 

member. Are you putting the person before the player? 

Coaches should know each player by name, encourage them 

with positive feedback and praise, and take notice of the 

effort - as opposed to only the outcome. Get to know your 

players as an individual – every player needs a different 

approach to get the best out of them. Some need a pat on 

the back while others need more constructive criticism. 

Communicate and observe your players. Take note of what 

they are passionate about and interested in, and use this to 

relate to them. 

Culture is created when values are implemented 

consistently. Respect, value, and communication must be 

at the forefront of every session. If you are able to involve 

a few of these suggestions, you will be establishing an 

environment that promotes positivity and security, which 

is necessary for development and learning – and this is 

where a sense of enjoyment, motivation and satisfaction is 

fostered. 

Technical Coaching 

The technical aspects of your coaching, in order to ensure 

that players enjoy the training, should include players 

feeling challenged – and this means games and activities 

appropriate to the skill level of the team. In simple terms, 

players get better from more touches of the ball. Those 

players that practice the most develop their skills to a higher 

level. Trainings should reflect this - plenty of ball work 

should be incorporated while queues or lines of 6 players 

should be non-existent. Games and games-based scenarios 

in training involve more decision making, the application of 

skills in a pressured environment - and enjoyment too. 

Reflection, Education and Research 

The best coaches never stop learning. They are asking 

questions and gaining more knowledge to become the best 

coach they can be. There are so many elements of being a 

highly functional coach and the Camogie coaching pathway 

29

provides the framework to get a solid understanding of 

this. Every coach should have their Foundation or Level 1 

Coaching Qualification, and there are numerous workshops 

both online and in-person now across counties that are 

worth signing up for – always bring a diary with you for 

notes too. Education is important, but you can always do 

your own research too. Research doesn’t need to be always 

reading books; it can be looking at resources on camogie.ie, 

it can be watching and taking notes from YouTube clips, or 

it can be going to watch matches or training sessions. Find 

a coach from another club and ask if you can observe their 

training session or ask someone else to come and watch 

your training with a fresh set of eyes. Never be afraid of 

feedback - sometimes all you need is an open dialogue of 

what went well and what could be improved. Take time after 

every session to reflect on your own effort, performance 

and preparation as a coach and have the most positive 

effect that you can. 

Reflection – Post Training. 

- Was I prepared? (When you are organised and 

structured before the session starts) 

- Did I compliment and encourage every girl by name? 

(Players feed off encouragement and will strive to get 

better and develop) 

- Did I take time to talk to the players outside of a 

sporting context? (Players feel valued) 

- Was the session enjoyable and fun? (Was the session 

game related? Was there a fun game for five minutes 

at the start or end?) 

Conclusion 

As coaches, we are in a privileged position to help people 

and players reach their potential – we help them develop 

a love for the sport and promote active lifestyles, a sense 

of community, and friendships through physical activity. 

Farmer (2018:110) notes that “Negative relationships with 

coaches promote drop-out from the sport, or participants 

are less likely to stay engaged. This is depicted with one 

student stating, “if there’s a really mean coach, I’d probably 

stop the sport because they’d give out to you”, with 

another participant’s reason for disengaging as, “too much 

competitiveness amongst girls”.” 

There is no bigger compliment as a coach than players who 

are running through the gate to join training. “As coaches, it 

is our job to teach, of course, but if retention is the goal, it is 

also our job to ensure that each player actively wants to play 

the game” (Mullan:2021). If you can take one small aspect 

of this article and tie it into your own sessions, or even if it 

only gives you something to think about and reflect on – 

we’ll call that a success. Remember if you have no players 

staying involved, you’ve no team to coach – ‘Retention Is 

The Name Of The Game’. 

References 

https://womenandsport.ca/resources/case-studies/ 

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327091033_ 

Enhancing_the_Evidence-Base_for_Irish_Female_Youth_ 

Participation_in_Physical_Activity_-_The_Development_ 

of_the_’Gaelic_for_Girls’_Programme 

https://activeforlife.com/why-girls-quit-sports/ 

Women’s Sports Foundation’s report “Her Life Depends 

On It III” 

https://activeforlife.com/why-girls-quit-sports/ 

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/retaining-girls-insports_b_7971912 

30

“Let them Play” 


Remembering back to my primary school days, 

I cannot remember much of the specific Irish, 

English or Maths classes. I do remember after 

school hurling in the yard, lunch time hurling in 

the field, indoor hurling with a holey sliotar in the hall and 

then games we played at yard time that were of our own 

creation, playing with a half crushed drinks can or whatever 

was available to spark our imagination. That activity was all 

supervised by an adult but they allowed activity to flourish 

without interfering and putting adult constraints on them. 

Kids play out on the road with not an adult in sight and 

they make up their own games, create rules, break rules 

and change the rules. They laugh, they smile and they have 

fun playing the likes of heads & volleys, kerbs, kick the can, 

World Cup. Whatever the game, they play it, enjoy it, get 

better and learn. The point is that kids want to play and do 

activities which bring them joy by allowing them to explore 

their imagination and become something more than they 

might appear. 

Now this isn’t the case in every camogie session throughout 

the country but I’ve often watched “coaches” deliver 

sessions that could conceivably be completed by robots, 

following instructions as laid out by the “coach”. Go to point 

A and do activity X, then move to point B and do activity Y. 

Why are some coaches trying to quench the imagination 

of children by making them follow dull instructions to 

conduct pointless drills, drills to improve skills in a manner 

that may never be transferable to a game situation. 

Kids want to play, so why not let them play. Run your 

session in a manner that allows children to have fun and 

play. Allow them to carry out the skills of the game, the 

many wonderful skills of our great game. Girls are coming 

to camogie training for a number of reasons, two of the key 

ones are to enjoy the game of camogie and to play with 

their friends. So let them do that. Do activities with the girls 

that allow them to have fun. 

Many of you are saying that if they just play games they 

will not improve as players and their skills will not develop. 

But here is where your role as a coach is important. The real 

duties of a coach is to enable the girls to improve as players 

so they can don the club colours and pit themselves against 

their counterparts from other parts of the county or country. 

The coach needs to create an environment where the girls 

are challenged with a chaotic yet comfortable environment 

which allows them to develop their various skills; camogie 

specific skills and game sense skills. How do you do this? 

Can you just “let them play”, set out games which allow them 

to use their capabilities to solve problems and scenarios. 

When they are struggling to deal with a scenario you need 

to point them in the right direction but allow them to steer 

themselves. Do not overburden them with adult language 

and restrictions. 

Can you be a coach who understands when to give exact 

directions to the destination and when you can allow the 

girl to get lost and try a number of different routes to get 

to the destination? Can you assist them by identifying the 

problems in skill execution or making game decisions, then 

know how to impart this knowledge. And if you need to say 

nothing, then say nothing because the girls will play on 

their own without you. Let them do it, just “let them play”. 

31

The balancing 

act of coaching 


“A coach is a person who builds competencies 

by assisting and challenging players and self to 

achieve full potential” 

I first saw a similar version of the above quote at a GAA 

coaching conference back in 2004 presented by Pat Daly. 

15 years later and it plays such a huge part in my coaching 

life. Part of our coaching roles includes teaching hurling and 

camogie in primary schools. Every single child has unknown 

potential. As a coach we can suppress or release that 

potential by our thoughts, words, actions and behaviours. 

Our main job is to build competencies. Once we develop 

competencies, then we can gain a degree of confidence and 

with every competency comes higher levels of confidence. 

32 

Think about the small child like a smart phone. When 

the phone is new, in the box and the battery isn’t 

charged there is very little it can do but it has lots of 

potential. Once it is charged then it is capable of so 

much. In primary schools and also in our club sessions 

we can charge the children by getting their hearts 

beating faster and their lungs moving during aerobic 

exercise. Competencies are like Apps on a smartphone. 

A phone can’t do much without apps. If I get a new phone, 

the first apps I get are the social media ones. Then I feel 

my phone can function. Every time I install a new app I 

have more confidence in my phone. Instead of facebook, 

twitter and snapchat we can install apps to small children 

like the grip, running and agility skills. Mainly this is done 

through assisting. Assisting happens when we provide a 

really clear demonstration of a pretty easy skill and give 

children ample opportunity to practice and learn it. Apps 

are grown in children when connections are made in the 

brain. The connections that are needed for reading, writing 

and maths are the same that are needed for rising, catching 

and soloing. Like the teacher in the classroom they are 

taught by assisting or challenging. 

Children need lots of assistance in the first few years of 

sport. It is estimated that 20% of young children survive 

in a competitive environment. If we play a 10 a side match 

at under 6 or under 8 training, only 4 children will benefit 

from it. 80% is a huge failure rate and one that most clubs 

can ill afford to allow happen. However once children 

develop a range of athletic and skill competencies they can 

be gradually introduced to small sided games. 

As children get older, getting the balance right between 

assistance and challenge is a key coaching skill. If we go for 

too much challenge we can cause incompetence, anxiety 

and resistance in players whereas if we assist too much we 

can still cause incompetence and boredom and very often 

players resent this form of approach. There is a term used 

when the level of challenge set by a coach matches the level 

of skill of the players. This often causes players to achieve 

“flow”. It is called the zone of proximal learning.

The zone of proximal learning or the zone of proximal 

development occurs when a challenge is pitched just on 

the outer reach of a person’s current ability. It is a little 

outside what a child can currently do and often it requires 

the help of a coach. Most of us probably used this model 

unknowingly as children. If we tried to get a certain number 

of roll rises in 30 seconds and then tried to beat our score 

next time we were in this zone. If we tried to strike a ball 

through a small target or take a ball hit at pace on first touch 

or tried to get a certain amount of ball strikes off a wall in a 

time we were on the zone of proximal learning. 

Using this coaching model can really help increase the level 

of effort and concentration from players. It also causes a 

level of excitement and is guaranteed to increase the speed 

at which players play. It helps players to think about mastery 

rather than winning, which they have no control over. Most 

video games use the zone of proximal learning to engage 

their audience. They start off playing and they aren’t able 

to get very far, then they get competent at a certain level 

until the challenge increases and the process continues. 

American game designer, Raph Koster says “Fun from games 

arises out of mastery. It arises out of comprehension. It is the 

act of solving puzzles that makes games fun. In other words, 

with games, learning is the drug”. 

The assistance and challenge coaching model can be used 

from nursery children all the way up to county seniors. While 

county seniors will require the highest level of challenge, 

there are many occasions when they also need assistance. 

Like a professional golfer trying to tweak or restructure their 

swing or putting stroke, very often a top class camogie player 

or hurler often needs to develop a higher level of competency 

in a skill. This is not a time for challenge. This is a time for clear 

demonstration, explanation, observation and feedback. Very 

often the coach has to admit they don’t have the answers but 

together with the player they will work it out and reflect on 

progress or lack of. Once the new skill is learned then the 

coach and player can increase the challenge. 

Like other areas of coaching, getting the balance between 

assisting a challenging is vital to the environment. When 

right balances are struck between skill development and 

games, instruction and action, winning and mastery, praise 

and encouragement, patience and honesty and participation 

and excellence a very special bond can be formed in a 

team or coaching environment. When coaches reflect in the 

aftermath of training sessions and games, little tweaks can 

be made to maintain that balance. 

33

Session planning 

By Aisling Kane 

It’s that time of year again where we dust of the whistle 

and get ready to start the New Year on the right (or left) 

foot and get back into action with our teams. Before we 

start our training sessions with our players it is important 

as a manager/coach we set out the overall goals we’d like 

to achieve. These can be individual goals such as skills for 

players or overall team goals e.g. what you’d like to have 

achieved by the end of the year. By doing this it will make 

your session planning easier as the session planners will 

be the stepping stones to achieving those goals. As a coach 

session planning needs to be a priority. It allows for you as a 

coach to be prepared and confident in what you’re delivering 

to your players instead of trying to “Wing it”. The best thing 

I can recommend to any coach weather you’re only starting 

out or you’ve been coaching for 20 years is to get yourself a 

hardback notebook to put your session plans in. You can also 

write or draw up new drills in this notebook for future use. 

This notebook will end up being your coaching bible that you 

can always look back on and pull activities/drills from to suit 

what you’re looking for. It also ensures all your sessions will 

be together and you won’t lose them easily which is what 

tends to happy when we write them on individual pages (I’m 

sure we’re all a culprit for this!). 

34 

Factors to consider when session planning: 

1. What are we looking to achieve? 

It is important as a coach or manager that we have learning 

outcomes for each session. This is what we as coaches 

would like to see the players work on and improve during 

the session. Our learning outcomes can be based around 

the team’s yearly goal e.g. working on the skills we’d like to 

learn, improve or perfect, or they can come from a previous 

match performance e.g. what we as a team can improve on 

based on match specific scenarios. Keeping track of this will 

allow the coach to see how much (or how little) they have 

worked on various aspects of the game. 

2. Players 

Before we plan our sessions it is always good to know 

roughly how many players will be at the training session. 

This allows for sufficient planning to take place to ensure 

our players get as many touches as possible in the various 

activities/drills and will allow for the coach to modify the 

session to suit the numbers. Knowing your players is a 

major factor when session planning. Knowing their abilities 

of what they can and can’t do is key. This will enable you to 

create session plans that will run smoothly. Ensuring you 

keep your activities/drills age appropriate is a key element 

too. We all have to learn how to walk before we can run. 

The same principle applies when coaching our skills. We 

need to ensure what we are delivering is age appropriate to 

ensure our players get the most out of it. 

3. Location/Duration 

As a coach we need to take into account the location of 

which our session will take place. This could possibly vary 

from training session to training session or you could be 

one of the lucky teams who are always based in the same 

place. It is important to know how much space you have to 

use for your session so you can plan your layout in advance. 

It might not be possible to work on some skills or games 

if you don’t have the space. You may need to take into 

account the surface that is being used e.g. Astro turf, Grass. 

Is the location easily accessible for players and coaches? 

Are their toilet facilities if needed? Taking this information 

into account will allow you to inform the parents/players 

with the relevant information needed. 

By looking at the duration of your session it will allow you 

as a coach to plan how much time will be spent at each 

drill/activity to ensure players aren’t getting fed up with the 

drill/activity. Depending on the age you are working with 

will also impact the duration of each drill/activity as their 

attention span is lower the younger they are. 

4. Adaptions/Progressions 

Having your adaptions and progressions included in your 

session plan will allow you to adapt the skill or activity 

based on your players’ abilities. Some of our players’ can

pick up new skills very quickly and others not as quick. It 

is important that we challenge all of our players’ weather 

that be progressing or adapting a skill to suit their needs. 

It’s about coaching the players not just the sport. The main 

outcome of our sessions is the overall development of our 

players. This means starting out with the basic skill, adding 

in some movement and finally adding the pressure. A quote 

that sticks with me since I’ve heard it is “Get it right, Get it 

fast, Get it fast under pressure” by Martin Fogarty 

How can you adapt and modify to ensure each player can 

perform the skills of the game. We can use the S.T.E.P.R. 

model to modify any activities or drill by changing one of 

those five elements. 

Space 

Rules 

People 

S.T.E.P.R 

Equipment 

Time 

5. Reflection/Feedback 

After you complete a session it is always a good idea to 

reflect on how the session went. This doesn’t have to be 

a huge essay picking apart the whole session. Perhaps 

1-3 sentences on what worked well, what didn’t and what 

could you do differently. This will enable you as a coach to 

critically analyse your session to improve the drills/activities 

to make them work better for the next time. If something 

doesn’t work well with your team it’s great to make a note 

of it so you don’t make the same mistakes again if you run 

the drill/activity again. Feedback from your players can be 

a huge benefit to any coach. Again depending on the age 

of the team you’re coaching. It is always great to hear what 

they liked in the session to try and incorporate (as best as 

you can) the different types of drills/activities which they 

enjoy to keep our sessions enjoyable for our players. This 

leads me to my final point. 

6. FUN!! 

It is important to incorporate fun elements into our sessions 

no matter what age you’re coaching. If your players are 

having fun they will enjoy the session and will continue to 

turn up to training week in week out. If your players aren’t 

enjoying themselves they won’t want to come to training 

and your player retention will decrease. Fun elements can 

be brought into any training session in either warm ups, a 

bit of competition during the session, modifying games by 

using different equipment and Rules. If your players aren’t 

enjoying themselves they won’t want to come to training 

and your player retention will decrease. 

As a coach there are many things we can’t control! Therefore 

we need to get good at controlling the controllables! Such as: 

· 

• Being organized (Session plans, equipment) 

• Being punctual (Arriving early) 

• Effort (Giving it your all) 

• Good body language (Don’t let your standards drop 

because of other peoples actions) 

• Mentality (Being open and willing to learn) 

• Leadership (Setting standards for others to follow) 

35

Scoring is the 

name of the game 


“I’m sure we’re not going to get everything our own way in 

certain games and we may not hit 30 points on any given 

day, but that’s our target every day.” 

Darragh Egan, Tipperary hurling coach 

There was a time in the mid 2000’s when the Cork 

senior hurling team scored an average of 20 points 

in every big game. They won the All Irelands in 

2004 and 2005 and they were pretty satisfied that 

20 points would be enough to win them games. When Clare 

won the 1995 All Ireland final the final score was 1-13 to 

2-8. Today in championship hurling that could easily be a 

half time score. In the recent Leinster final, Kilkenny led 

Wexford 0-15 to 0-14 at the half way mark. Wexford had 

9 scorers in the game and Kilkenny had 8. In the Munster 

final between Limerick and Tipperary, Limerick hit 1-11 

in the first half and 1-15 in the second period. They had 

8 scorers in total while the defeated Tipperary had 9. On 

any given day a team who wins a championship game will 

likely need at least two players to score 4 points from play 

while their free takers will have to have a 90% success rate 

from inside their range. The score required to win a match 

is constantly increasing. 

36 

In Camogie we’re seeing similar trends. In recent 

championship matches, Waterford scored 2-14 against 

Tipperary but still lost the game. In a 60 minute game that 

would seem a very good total to hit and up to very recently 

should be enough to win most games. However the climate 

is changing as in the hurling championship and scoring is 

a big currency. Limerick hit 1-18 in their victory against 

Wexford while Kilkenny scored 2-17 against Offaly. Cork 

have scored 3-19 and 2-20 in their victories over Clare and 

Tipperary. 

So what does this mean for Camogie coaches and coach 

developers? 

There are a whole range of facets required to be a high 

scoring team. A really high degree of technical proficiency in 

a range of skills is a must. Brian Cody always said that a good 

first touch buys you time. Most players need a certain amount 

of time and space to score and if possession can be gained 

directly by a catch or after a good first touch, the player has 

a better chance of having that time and space. Some players 

are good strikers from their favourite side which is a great 

start but players who are able to score from right or left have 

more options available to them. Habits that cause slowness 

are always punished by the good teams and all players 

need to have days when they learn that their habits need to 

change in order to be a more effective player. Being able to 

swing inside the body and to shorten the grip when space is 

reduced is vital to being a high scorer like Beth Carton, Niamh 

Mulcahy, Cait Devane, Ann Dalton and Denise Gaule. 

Team play and decision making are two other essential 

elements to scoring. Very often when players are in 

possession there is a very low possibility of scoring and 

a player needs to get the ball to a team mate in a better 

position. Kilkenny’s mantra under Brian Cody is always that 

the player in the best position gets the ball. This requires 

players to get to scoring positions before they gain 

possession and an awareness of team mates by the player 

in possession. Cian Lynch is the most consummate team 

players. In 2018 he assisted in so many of Limericks scores. 

One of the biggest challenges facing coaches is to overcome 

the psychological barriers to scoring. Frequently we see 

players practicing shooting from outside their range and 

they end up in a constant pattern of missing scores. Coaches 

are often tempted to do the same thing. They set up scoring 

drills and activities in locations on their pitch where many 

players are unable to score from. The biggest negative 

factor about this type of set up is that players become 

accustomed to missing scores with no consequences and if 

this is allowed to go unnoticed or uncorrected, players will 

freely miss scoring opportunities in matches and believe 

it is ok. A far better outcome would be where coaches set 

up scoring challenges from a range where players should 

score from and where a winner is rewarded and players

strive to be good scorers. Some players will still miss due 

to the pressure of the challenge and that is where coaches 

can intervene. 

Golf psychologists tell us that players should experience 

successes in every practice. A lot of top golfers spend hours 

practicing putting from inside 3 feet. Hurlers and camogie 

players would gain a lot more confidence scoring from 

inside 25 metres than missing from 65. Dave Alred who 

was Johnny Wilkinsons kicking coach and is now coach to 

2018 Open Champion Francesco Molinairi as well as the 

Queensland Rugby team has a number of really interesting 

online videos and podcasts about how he coaches kicking 

and putting. There is probably a real need for teams at the 

highest level to engage a striking coach and at lower levels 

a need for our coaches to develop their coaching of striking 

as well as all the other roles they have to carry out. 

Players can make huge strides when they are given the 

right instruction and coaching or allowed to be free in 

themselves. Graeme Mulcahy from Limerick is one player 

who has transformed his game to now be a consistent high 

scorer for his team. It would be very interesting to learn 

what changes he has made to his training and practice in 

recent years. One thing is for certain. It is better to practice 

scoring than to practice shooting. 

37

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The Camogie Association would like to sincerely thank all the contributors 

who voluntary took time out to put each article together and their continued support 

of Coach Education.

Coaching Articles Volume 3 by The Camogie Association

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