EBOOK CHALLENGE 1A

SAMPLE 01
Prevalence and Reasons for Tooth Loss in a Sample from a Dental Clinic in Brazil
This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and reasons for teeth extractions in a
sample from a dental clinic in Brazil. The prevalence of teeth mortality was analyzed
by gender, age, tooth type and reasons for extraction on 800 teeth of 439 subjects,
whose data was collected in clinical records in a convenience sample. The groups
with a range in age from 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years and 55 to 64 years revealed
significantly greater number of teeth extractions than other age groups. The anterior
teeth loss increased significantly with aging, while the tooth mortality of premolar and
molar were higher in younger people. Caries, or tooth decay, was the more prevalent
reason for tooth mortality among young and adults up to 44 years old, while the periodontal
disease was the main reason for extractions from 45 years old until range of
81 years . It can be suggested that some reasons for tooth loss were age-dependent,
but caries and the periodontal diseases were the main reasons for tooth mortality in
this Brazilian sample.
Purpose
Methods
Results
Conclusion
Andréia Affonso Barretto Montandon, Elizangela Partata Zuza, Benedicto Egbert Corrêa de Toledo, "Prevalence and Reasons for Tooth Loss in a Sample
from a Dental Clinic in Brazil", International Journal of Dentistry, vol. 2012, Article ID 719750, 5 pages, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/719750
SAMPLE 02
The Effects of Computer Science Stereotypes and Interest on Middle
School Boys’ Career Intentions
Like other STEM fields, computer science (CS) lacks representation of Black and Hispanic
individuals, both in the number of bachelor’s degrees obtained and the number
of individuals in the CS workforce. Out-of-school CS programs are often designed with
the intent to inspire young people to pursue careers in CS. Much of this programming
focuses on developing student interest in CS and CS careers. Nevertheless, it is not
well understood how the stereotypes that children hold about computer scientists
contribute to CS interest and career choice. In this study, we set out to examine the
complex relationships between CS interest, held stereotypes, and CS career choice.
We surveyed participants in an after-school CS program offered to middle school boys
who identified with racial and ethnic minority groups (N = 110). We tested three linear
regression models and confirmed that CS interest and socially divergent stereotypes—
those that diverged from societal norms—of computer scientists play unique and
contrary roles in young boys’ career decision-making process even when controlling
for home and school factors. These models suggest educational CS programs should
include curriculum to dispel participants’ socially divergent stereotypes about computer
scientists rather than targeting CS interest alone, particularly if a goal is to inspire diverse
young people to pursue careers in CS.
Introduction
Gap
in the current
literature
Purpose
Method
Conclusion
Publication: ACM Transactions on Computing EducationJune 2020 Article No.: 18 https://doi.org/10.1145/3394964
37
Livro_ChallengeOnCampus [impressão] [08-02-22].indd 37 08/02/2022 22:47:14