Emotional inteligence
640/6619. The comparison across nations was by Urie Bronfenbrenner,in Michael Lamb and Kathleen Sternberg, Child Carein Context: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Englewood, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum, 1992).10. Urie Bronfenbrenner was speaking at a symposium at CornellUniversity (Sept. 24, 1993).11. Longitudinal studies of aggressive and delinquent children:see, for example, Alexander Thomas et al., "LongitudinalStudy of Negative Emotional States and Adjustments fromEarly Childhood Through Adolescence," Child Development,vol. 59 (Sept. 1988).12. The bully experiment: John Lochman, "Social-CognitiveProcesses of Severely Violent, Moderately Aggressive, andNonaggressive Boys," Journal of Clinical and ConsultingPsychology, 199'4.13. The aggressive boys research: Kenneth A. Dodge, "Emotionand Social Information Processing," in J. Garber and K.Dodge, The Development ofEmotion Regulation and Dysregulation(New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991).14. Dislike for bullies within hours: J. D. Coie and J. B. Kupersmidt,"A Behavioral Analysis of Emerging Social Status inBoys' Groups," Child Development 54 (1983).15. Up to half of unruly children: See, for example, Dan Offordet al., "Outcome, Prognosis, and Risk in a LongitudinalFollow-up Study," Journal of the American Academy ofChild and Adolescent Psychiatry 31 0992).16. Aggressive children and crime: Richard Tremblay et al.,"Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior from
641/661Preschool Behavior," Archives of General Psychiatry (Sept.1994).17. What happens in a child's family before the child reachesschool is, of course, crucial in creating a predisposition toaggression. One study, for example, showed that childrenwhose mothers rejected them at age 1, and whose birth wasmore complicated, were four times as likely as others tocommit a violent crime by age 18. Adriane Raines et al.,"Birth Complications Combined with Early Maternal Rejectionat Age One Predispose to Violent Crime at Age 18Years," Archives of General Psychiatry (Dec. 1994).18. While low verbal IQ has appeared to predict delinquency(one study found an eight-point difference in these scoresbetween delinquents and nondelinquents), there is evidencethat impulsivity is more directly and powerfully atcause for both the low IQ scores and delinquency. As forthe low scores, impulsive children don't pay attention wellenough to learn the language and reasoning skills on whichverbal IQ scores are based, and so impulsivity lowers thosescores. In the Pittsburgh Youth Study, a well-designed longitudinalproject where both IQ and impulsivity were assessedin ten-to twelve-year-olds, impulsivity was almostthree times more powerful than verbal IQ in predicting delinquency.See the discussion in: Jack Block, "On the RelationBetween IQ, Impulsivity, and Delinquency," Journalof Abnormal Psychology 104 (1995).19. "Bad" girls and pregnancy: Marion Underwood andMelinda Albert, "Fourth-Grade Peer Status as a Predictorof Adolescent Pregnancy," paper presented at the meeting
- Page 590 and 591: 590/6616. Unconscious preferences:
- Page 592 and 593: 592/661the amygdala are especially
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- Page 598 and 599: 14. Unconscious fear: The snake stu
- Page 600 and 601: 13. Therapies for anxiety disorder:
- Page 602 and 603: 602/6618. SAT scores of impulsive a
- Page 604 and 605: 26. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Flow:
- Page 606 and 607: 8. Stern, op. cit.606/6619. The dep
- Page 608 and 609: 608/6612. The display rules are in
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- Page 612 and 613: 612/66114. Stonewalling: Gottman, W
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- Page 618 and 619: 618/6619. Of the dozen or so studie
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- Page 624 and 625: 624/661cortisol, and catecholamines
- Page 626 and 627: 56. Unethical not to treat depressi
- Page 628 and 629: 628/661teachers had said were the m
- Page 630 and 631: 630/6618. Some of the evidence for
- Page 632 and 633: 632/661there is something reminisce
- Page 634 and 635: victim—"Why me?"—needs to be ad
- Page 636 and 637: Nonrepressors," Journal of Abnormal
- Page 638 and 639: 638/661percent jump over the 1980 r
- Page 642 and 643: 642/661of the Society for Research
- Page 644 and 645: 644/661Adolescents," Journal of Abn
- Page 646 and 647: 646/66148. Two fifths are heavy dri
- Page 648 and 649: 65. The figure for boys and girls r
- Page 650 and 651: 650/66111. Emotional-literacy progr
- Page 652 and 653: 652/6617. While it may seem self-ev
- Page 654 and 655: 654/661heightened social and emotio
- Page 656 and 657: 656/661Toni Burbank, my editor at B
- Page 658 and 659: By the same authorVital Lies, Simpl
- Page 660 and 661: www.bloomsbury.com/danielgoleman660
640/661
9. The comparison across nations was by Urie Bronfenbrenner,
in Michael Lamb and Kathleen Sternberg, Child Care
in Context: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Englewood, NJ:
Lawrence Erlbaum, 1992).
10. Urie Bronfenbrenner was speaking at a symposium at Cornell
University (Sept. 24, 1993).
11. Longitudinal studies of aggressive and delinquent children:
see, for example, Alexander Thomas et al., "Longitudinal
Study of Negative Emotional States and Adjustments from
Early Childhood Through Adolescence," Child Development,
vol. 59 (Sept. 1988).
12. The bully experiment: John Lochman, "Social-Cognitive
Processes of Severely Violent, Moderately Aggressive, and
Nonaggressive Boys," Journal of Clinical and Consulting
Psychology, 199'4.
13. The aggressive boys research: Kenneth A. Dodge, "Emotion
and Social Information Processing," in J. Garber and K.
Dodge, The Development ofEmotion Regulation and Dysregulation
(New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
14. Dislike for bullies within hours: J. D. Coie and J. B. Kupersmidt,
"A Behavioral Analysis of Emerging Social Status in
Boys' Groups," Child Development 54 (1983).
15. Up to half of unruly children: See, for example, Dan Offord
et al., "Outcome, Prognosis, and Risk in a Longitudinal
Follow-up Study," Journal of the American Academy of
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 31 0992).
16. Aggressive children and crime: Richard Tremblay et al.,
"Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior from