Emotional inteligence
60/661to the amygdala, but to the neocortex and its many centersfor taking in and making sense of what is being perceived;that information and our response to it is coordinatedby the prefrontal lobes, the seat of planningand organizing actions toward a goal, including emotionalones. In the neocortex a cascading series of circuitsregisters and analyzes that information, comprehendsit, and, through the prefrontal lobes, orchestratesa reaction. If in the process an emotional response iscalled for, the prefrontal lobes dictate it, working handin-handwith the amygdala and other circuits in theemotional brain.This progression, which allows for discernment inemotional response, is the standard arrangement, withthe significant exception of emotional emergencies.When an emotion triggers, within moments the prefrontallobes perform what amounts to a risk/benefit ratioof myriad possible reactions, and bet that one ofthem is best. 11 For animals, when to attack, when to run.And for we humans . . . when to attack, when torun—and also, when to placate, persuade, seek sympathy,stonewall, provoke guilt, whine, put on a facadeof bravado, be contemptuous—and so on, through thewhole repertoire of emotional wiles.The neocortical response is slower in brain time thanthe hijack mechanism because it involves more circuitry.
61/661It can also be more judicious and considered, since morethought precedes feeling. When we register a loss andbecome sad, or feel happy after a triumph, or mull oversomething someone has said or done and then get hurtor angry, the neocortex is at work.Just as with the amygdala, absent the workings of theprefrontal lobes, much of emotional life would fall away;lacking an understanding that something merits anemotional response, none comes. This role of the prefrontallobes in emotions has been suspected by neurologistssince the advent in the 1940s of that rather desperate—andsadly misguided—surgical "cure" for mentalillness: the prefrontal lobotomy, which (often sloppily)removed part of the prefrontal lobes or otherwise cutconnections between the prefrontal cortex and the lowerbrain. In the days before any effective medications formental illness, the lobotomy was hailed as the answer tograve emotional distress—sever the links between theprefrontal lobes and the rest of the brain, and patients'distress was "relieved." Unfortunately, the cost was thatmost of patients' emotional lives seemed to vanish, too.The key circuitry had been destroyed.Emotional hijackings presumably involve two dynamics:triggering of the amygdala and a failure to activatethe neocortical processes that usually keep emotionalresponse in balance—or a recruitment of the neocortical
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- Page 18 and 19: PART ONETHE EMOTIONAL BRAIN
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- Page 38 and 39: 2Anatomy of an Emotional HijackingL
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- Page 48 and 49: 48/661LeDoux overturned the prevail
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- Page 52 and 53: messages from the brain to regulate
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- Page 68 and 69: PART TWOTHE NATURE OFEMOTIONALINTEL
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- Page 72 and 73: course it accounts for. But what da
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- Page 86 and 87: you get that are essential for inte
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- Page 102 and 103: 102/661Gary was emotionally flat, c
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to the amygdala, but to the neocortex and its many centers
for taking in and making sense of what is being perceived;
that information and our response to it is coordinated
by the prefrontal lobes, the seat of planning
and organizing actions toward a goal, including emotional
ones. In the neocortex a cascading series of circuits
registers and analyzes that information, comprehends
it, and, through the prefrontal lobes, orchestrates
a reaction. If in the process an emotional response is
called for, the prefrontal lobes dictate it, working handin-hand
with the amygdala and other circuits in the
emotional brain.
This progression, which allows for discernment in
emotional response, is the standard arrangement, with
the significant exception of emotional emergencies.
When an emotion triggers, within moments the prefrontal
lobes perform what amounts to a risk/benefit ratio
of myriad possible reactions, and bet that one of
them is best. 11 For animals, when to attack, when to run.
And for we humans . . . when to attack, when to
run—and also, when to placate, persuade, seek sympathy,
stonewall, provoke guilt, whine, put on a facade
of bravado, be contemptuous—and so on, through the
whole repertoire of emotional wiles.
The neocortical response is slower in brain time than
the hijack mechanism because it involves more circuitry.