Emotional inteligence

aygun.shukurova
from aygun.shukurova More from this publisher
04.02.2022 Views

556/661overall picture or the most striking aspects. It takesthings in at once, as a whole, reacting without taking thetime for thoughtful analysis. Vivid elements can determinethat impression, outweighing a careful evaluation ofthe details. The great advantage is that the emotionalmind can read an emotional reality (he's angry with me;she's lying; this is making him sad) in an instant, makingthe intuitive snap judgments that tell us who to bewary of, who to trust, who's in distress. The emotionalmind is our radar for danger; if we (or our forebears inevolution) waited for the rational mind to make some ofthese judgments, we might not only be wrong—we mightbe dead. The drawback is that these impressions and intuitivejudgments, because they are made in the snap ofa finger, may be mistaken or misguided.Paul Ekman proposes that this quickness, in whichemotions can overtake us before we are quite aware theyhave started, is essential to their being so highly adaptive:they mobilize us to respond to urgent eventswithout wasting time pondering whether to react or howto respond. Using the system he developed for detectingemotions from subtle changes in facial expression, Ekmancan track microemotions that flit across the face inless than a half second. Ekman and his collaboratorshave discovered that emotional expressions begin toshow up in changes in facial musculature within a few

thousandths of a second after the event that triggers thereaction, and that the physiological changes typical of agiven emotion—like shunting blood flow and increasingheart rate—also take only fractions of a second to begin.This swiftness is particularly true of intense emotion,like fear of a sudden threat.Ekman argues that, technically speaking, the full heatof emotion is very brief, lasting just seconds rather thanminutes, hours, or days. His reasoning is that it wouldbe maladaptive for an emotion to capture the brain andbody for a long time regardless of changing circumstance.If the emotions caused by a single event invariablycontinued to dominate us after it had passed, andregardless of what else was happening around us, thenour feelings would be poor guides to action. For emotionsto last longer the trigger must be sustained, in effectcontinually evoking the emotion, as when the loss ofa loved one keeps us mourning. When feelings persistfor hours, it is usually as moods, a muted form. Moodsset an affective tone, but they are not such strongshapers of how we perceive and act as is the high heat offull emotion.First Feelings, Second Thoughts557/661Because it takes the rational mind a moment or twolonger to register and respond than it does the

556/661

overall picture or the most striking aspects. It takes

things in at once, as a whole, reacting without taking the

time for thoughtful analysis. Vivid elements can determine

that impression, outweighing a careful evaluation of

the details. The great advantage is that the emotional

mind can read an emotional reality (he's angry with me;

she's lying; this is making him sad) in an instant, making

the intuitive snap judgments that tell us who to be

wary of, who to trust, who's in distress. The emotional

mind is our radar for danger; if we (or our forebears in

evolution) waited for the rational mind to make some of

these judgments, we might not only be wrong—we might

be dead. The drawback is that these impressions and intuitive

judgments, because they are made in the snap of

a finger, may be mistaken or misguided.

Paul Ekman proposes that this quickness, in which

emotions can overtake us before we are quite aware they

have started, is essential to their being so highly adaptive:

they mobilize us to respond to urgent events

without wasting time pondering whether to react or how

to respond. Using the system he developed for detecting

emotions from subtle changes in facial expression, Ekman

can track microemotions that flit across the face in

less than a half second. Ekman and his collaborators

have discovered that emotional expressions begin to

show up in changes in facial musculature within a few

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