Emotional inteligence
APPENDIX BHallmarks of the EmotionalMindOnly in recent years has there emerged a scientific modelof the emotional mind that explains how so much ofwhat we do can be emotionally driven—how we can beso reasonable at one moment and so irrational thenext—and the sense in which emotions have their ownreasons and their own logic. Perhaps the two best assessmentsof the emotional mind are offered independentlyby Paul Ekman, head of the Human InteractionLaboratory at the University of California, San Francisco,and by Seymour Epstein, a clinical psychologist atthe University of Massachusetts. 1 While Ekman and Epsteinhave each weighed different scientific evidence, togetherthey offer a basic list of the qualities that distinguishemotions from the rest of mental life. 2A Quick but Sloppy ResponseThe emotional mind is far quicker than the rationalmind, springing into action without pausing even a momentto consider what it is doing. Its quickness precludesthe deliberate, analytic reflection that is the hallmarkof the thinking mind. In evolution this quickness
555/661most likely revolved around that most basic decision,what to pay attention to, and, once vigilant while, say,confronting another animal, making split-second decisionslike, Do I eat this, or does it eat me? Those organismsthat had to pause too long to reflect on theseanswers were unlikely to have many progeny to pass ontheir slower-acting genes.Actions that spring from the emotional mind carry aparticularly strong sense of certainty, a by-product of astreamlined, simplified way of looking at things that canbe absolutely bewildering to the rational mind. Whenthe dust settles, or even in mid-response, we findourselves thinking, "What did I do that for?"—a signthat the rational mind is awakening to the moment, butnot with the rapidity of the emotional mind.Since the interval between what triggers an emotionand its eruption can be virtually instantaneous, themechanism that appraises perception must be capableof great speed, even in brain time, which is reckoned inthousandths of a second. This appraisal of the need toact needs to be automatic, so rapid that it never entersconscious awareness. 3 This quick-and-dirty variety ofemotional response sweeps over us virtually before wequite know what is happening.This rapid mode of perception sacrifices accuracy forspeed, relying on first impressions, reacting to the
- Page 504 and 505: A POINT OF CONTENTION504/661But as
- Page 506 and 507: 506/661could also be part of lighte
- Page 508 and 509: 508/661spiral into aggression. Whil
- Page 510 and 511: These are the topics of gripping im
- Page 512 and 513: 512/661responsibility for decisions
- Page 514 and 515: 514/661twenty thousand people emplo
- Page 516 and 517: bring in pictures of a person's fac
- Page 518 and 519: 518/661from the basics for yet anot
- Page 520 and 521: negotiated. And since that is an ap
- Page 522 and 523: 522/661Such interventions work best
- Page 524 and 525: 524/661school, Hamburg notes, are a
- Page 526 and 527: 526/661By fourth and fifth grade, a
- Page 528 and 529: 528/661into incidents like the hall
- Page 530 and 531: 530/661I don't try to do the negati
- Page 532 and 533: 532/661important for those prone to
- Page 534 and 535: New Haven schools, when teachers fi
- Page 536 and 537: 536/661responsible adults volunteer
- Page 538 and 539: 538/661such as problems with girlfr
- Page 540 and 541: 540/661The story seems innocuous en
- Page 542 and 543: • Better able to express anger ap
- Page 544 and 545: 544/661becoming better friends, stu
- Page 546 and 547: 546/661happens as children build th
- Page 548 and 549: 548/661and given the quantum of hop
- Page 550 and 551: APPENDIX AWhat Is Emotion?A word ab
- Page 552 and 553: 552/661feelings such as doubt, comp
- Page 556 and 557: 556/661overall picture or the most
- Page 558 and 559: 558/661emotional mind, the "first i
- Page 560 and 561: reactions. A few exceptions aside,
- Page 562 and 563: This childlike mode is self-confirm
- Page 564 and 565: we behave when enraged or dejected;
- Page 566 and 567: 566/661Say you're alone one night a
- Page 568 and 569: 568/661corticomedial area of the am
- Page 570 and 571: 570/661neurotransmitters, for examp
- Page 572 and 573: 572/661• Using steps for problem-
- Page 574 and 575: APPENDIX EThe Self ScienceCurriculu
- Page 576 and 577: 576/661SOURCE: Karen F. Stone and H
- Page 578 and 579: SOURCES: E. Schaps and V. Battistic
- Page 580 and 581: M. T. Greenberg and C. A. Kusche, P
- Page 582 and 583: 582/661RESULTS:• Improved problem
- Page 584 and 585: 584/661• Increased ability to "si
- Page 586 and 587: 586/6616. Only in adults: An observ
- Page 588 and 589: 588/661About Emotion. New York: Oxf
- Page 590 and 591: 590/6616. Unconscious preferences:
- Page 592 and 593: 592/661the amygdala are especially
- Page 594 and 595: 594/6613. Richard Herrnstein and Ch
- Page 596 and 597: used statistical methods to assess
- Page 598 and 599: 14. Unconscious fear: The snake stu
- Page 600 and 601: 13. Therapies for anxiety disorder:
- Page 602 and 603: 602/6618. SAT scores of impulsive a
APPENDIX B
Hallmarks of the Emotional
Mind
Only in recent years has there emerged a scientific model
of the emotional mind that explains how so much of
what we do can be emotionally driven—how we can be
so reasonable at one moment and so irrational the
next—and the sense in which emotions have their own
reasons and their own logic. Perhaps the two best assessments
of the emotional mind are offered independently
by Paul Ekman, head of the Human Interaction
Laboratory at the University of California, San Francisco,
and by Seymour Epstein, a clinical psychologist at
the University of Massachusetts. 1 While Ekman and Epstein
have each weighed different scientific evidence, together
they offer a basic list of the qualities that distinguish
emotions from the rest of mental life. 2
A Quick but Sloppy Response
The emotional mind is far quicker than the rational
mind, springing into action without pausing even a moment
to consider what it is doing. Its quickness precludes
the deliberate, analytic reflection that is the hallmark
of the thinking mind. In evolution this quickness