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Emotional inteligence

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the family unit and the long-term commitment to childrearing

that makes human development possible. (Species

that have no neocortex, such as reptiles, lack maternal

affection; when their young hatch, the newborns

must hide to avoid being cannibalized.) In humans the

protective bond between parent and child allows much

of maturation to go on over the course of a long childhood—during

which the brain continues to develop.

As we proceed up the phylogenetic scale from reptile

to rhesus to human, the sheer mass of the neocortex increases;

with that increase comes a geometric rise in the

interconnections in brain circuitry. The larger the number

of such connections, the greater the range of possible

responses. The neocortex allows for the subtlety

and complexity of emotional life, such as the ability to

have feelings about our feelings. There is more

neocortex-to-limbic system in primates than in other

species—and vastly more in humans—suggesting why

we are able to display a far greater range of reactions to

our emotions, and more nuance. While a rabbit or

rhesus has a restricted set of typical responses to fear,

the larger human neocortex allows a far more nimble

repertoire—including calling 999. The more complex the

social system, the more essential is such flexibility—and

there is no more complex social world than our own. 12

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