Emotional inteligence

aygun.shukurova
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04.02.2022 Views

school, even though, on average, their IQs were nothigher than those of children who were less skilled atreading nonverbal messages—suggesting that masteringthis empathic ability smooths the way for classroom effectiveness(or simply makes teachers like them more).Just as the mode of the rational mind is words, themode of the emotions is nonverbal. Indeed, when aperson's words disagree with what is conveyed via histone of voice, gesture, or other nonverbal channel, theemotional truth is in how he says something rather thanin what he says. One rule of thumb used in communicationsresearch is that 90 percent or more of an emotionalmessage is nonverbal. And such messages—anxiety insomeone's tone of voice, irritation in the quickness of agesture—are almost always taken in unconsciously,without paying specific attention to the nature of themessage, but simply tacitly receiving it and responding.The skills that allow us to do this well or poorly are also,for the most part, learned tacitly.HOW EMPATHY UNFOLDS194/661The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw anotherbaby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and shecrawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though itwere she who had been hurt. And fifteen-month-old Michaelwent to get his own teddy bear for his crying

195/661friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrievedPaul's security blanket for him. Both these small acts ofsympathy and caring were observed by mothers trainedto record such incidents of empathy in action. 4 The resultsof the study suggest that the roots of empathy canbe traced to infancy. Virtually from the day they areborn infants are upset when they hear another infantcrying—a response some see as the earliest precursor ofempathy. 5Developmental psychologists have found that infantsfeel sympathetic distress even before they fully realizethat they exist apart from other people. Even a fewmonths after birth, infants react to a disturbance inthose around them as though it were their own, cryingwhen they see another child's tears. By one year or so,they start to realize the misery is not their own butsomeone else's, though they still seem confused overwhat to do about it. In research by Martin L. Hoffman atNew York University, for example, a one-year-oldbrought his own mother over to comfort a crying friend,ignoring the friend's mother, who was also in the room.This confusion is seen too when one-year-olds imitatethe distress of someone else, possibly to better comprehendwhat they are feeling; for example, if another babyhurts her fingers, a one-year-old might put her own fingersin her mouth to see if she hurts, too. On seeing his

school, even though, on average, their IQs were not

higher than those of children who were less skilled at

reading nonverbal messages—suggesting that mastering

this empathic ability smooths the way for classroom effectiveness

(or simply makes teachers like them more).

Just as the mode of the rational mind is words, the

mode of the emotions is nonverbal. Indeed, when a

person's words disagree with what is conveyed via his

tone of voice, gesture, or other nonverbal channel, the

emotional truth is in how he says something rather than

in what he says. One rule of thumb used in communications

research is that 90 percent or more of an emotional

message is nonverbal. And such messages—anxiety in

someone's tone of voice, irritation in the quickness of a

gesture—are almost always taken in unconsciously,

without paying specific attention to the nature of the

message, but simply tacitly receiving it and responding.

The skills that allow us to do this well or poorly are also,

for the most part, learned tacitly.

HOW EMPATHY UNFOLDS

194/661

The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another

baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she

crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it

were she who had been hurt. And fifteen-month-old Michael

went to get his own teddy bear for his crying

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