Physical_Activity_Guidelines

Figure 1-3. Relationship Among Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, Sitting
Time, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Adults
Daily
Sitting
Time
Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity
Risk of all-cause mortality decreases as one moves from red to green.
Source: This heat map is adapted from data found in Ekelund U, Steene-Johannessen J, Brown WJ. Does physical activity attenuate, or
even eliminate, the detrimental association of sitting time with mortality? A harmonized meta-analysis of data from more than 1 million
men and women. Lancet. 2016;388:1302-1310. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30370-1.
At the greatest time spent sitting (the top), the risk of all-cause mortality begins to decrease (color becomes
orange) even with small additions of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. At the greatest volume of
moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, the risk is low even for those who sit the most (upper right corner).
The best currently available estimate of this volume is about 60 to 75 minutes per day of moderate-intensity
activities, or 30 to 40 minutes per day of vigorous-intensity activities. This high volume of moderate-to-vigorous
physical activity is achieved by a very small proportion of the population.
At the lowest volume of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (the left side of the figure), the risk of all-cause
mortality increases as time spent sitting increases. This suggests that for inactive adults, replacing sitting time
with light-intensity physical activities reduces the risk of all-cause mortality. Although the risk of all-cause
mortality is reduced as the time spent in sedentary behavior is reduced, even adults who sit the least have an
22 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans