Diamide WG, Mtg, Brussels, 2011 9 MB - IRAC

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Diamide Working Group F2F
meeting 2011
Brussels, March 28th 2011
43 rd IRAC International Meeting, Washington DC, April 1-4, 2008
1

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
2011 Diamide WG F2F Mtg Agenda
Brussels, March 28th 2011
MORNING SESSION
9:00-9:30 Check-in - CropLife Building
9:30-9:45 Welcome, Introductions and Review of Agenda Verónica
9:45-10:00 Antitrust guidelines and team administration Verónica
10:00-13:00 Country Reviews Liaisons
How can we make the country groups more active? All
Process to approve country IRM proposals John
15 minute break (11:00)
13:00-14:00 Lunch Break
AFTERNOON SESSION
14:00-15:30 Diamide IRM Issues,Company Objectives, and WG Accomplishments
John / All
15:30-16:00 Development of 2011/12 SMART objectives and goals All
16:00-16:30 Update Global Guidelines/ IRM language templates John / all
16:30-16:45 Update Bioassay Methods for Diamide Insecticides Russell
16:45-17:00 Break
17:00-17:30 Review Diamide presentation for the general day All
17:30-18:00 Feedback and suggestions All
18:00-18:30 Next meetings‟ dates and final items Verónica/ all
2

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Antitrust guidelines
3

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Diamide WG members
� Verónica Companys Bayer Chair
� John Andaloro DuPont Vice-chair
� Luis Teixeira DuPont
� Paula Marcon DuPont
� Andrea Bassi DuPont
� Robert Senn Syngenta
� Russell Slater Syngenta
� Ken Chisholm Nihon Nohyaku
� Ralf Nauen Bayer
� Alan Porter APA
4

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Meetings
Diamide WG – 2010/11
– monthly conference calls. One F2F in Brussels,
– good participation
– good follow-up of actions
� Main topics
– updates from Country Diamide WGs. Support them
– Philippines case. How to proceed
– Methods development
– Review of resistance development in countries
5

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Country liasons
# Country CURRENT Global Liaison PROPOSED Global Liaison
1 Argentina John Andaloro John Andaloro
2 Indonesia John Andaloro John Andaloro
3 Malaysia John Andaloro John Andaloro
4 USA Paula Marcon John Andaloro
5 Australia John Andaloro
6 Brazil Paula Marcon Luis Teixera
7 Mexico Paula Marcon Luis Teixera
8 Philippines Paula Marcon
Veronica Companys
9 Japan Nobuyuki Nonaka Ken Chisholm
10 Korea Ken Chisholm Ken Chisholm
11 Thailand Robert Senn Robert Senn
12 Vietnam Robert Senn Robert Senn
13 China Robert Senn Robert Senn
14 Spain Veronica Companys Veronica Companys
15 India Veronica Companys Veronica Companys
16 Italy Andrea Bassi
17 Morocco Andrea Bassi
18 Turkey Robert Senn
19 Canada John Andaloro

1 John Andaloro Australia* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
2 John Andaloro Argentina 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
* Visited by
member of
Global
Diamide WG
Country Diamide Working Group Progress: Update 2011, March
# Global Liaison Country Relative to the Steps in the Country Guidance Tutorial
3 Luis Teixera Brazil 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4 Robert Senn China* 0 1 2 3 4 5
5 Veronica Companys India 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6 John Andaloro Indonesia* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7 John Andaloro Italy 0
8 Ken Chisholm Japan 0 1 2 3 4 5
9 Ken Chisholm Korea 0 1 2 3 4
10 John Andaloro Malaysia 0 1
11 Luis Teixera Mexico 0 1 2
12 Morocco 0
13 Veronica Companys Philippines* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
14 Veronica Companys Spain 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
15 Robert Senn Thailand* 0 1 2 3 4 5
16 Robert Senn Turkey 0
17 John Andaloro USA* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
18 Robert Senn Vietnam* 0 1 2 3 4
0. Haven't met yet
1. Understand Objectives
2. Meet and Organze
3. Review Antitrust
4. Review Global Guidelines
5. Select High Risk Insects & Markets
6. Develop Plan to Communicate MOA
7. Develop IRM Guideline Plan by Crop
8. Develp Communicate & Educate Plan
9. Act if "R" Occurs
10. Communicate Social Adv
11. Implement 6, 7, & 8
12. Work on more markets

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Country reviews
8

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Vietnam
Country reviews
9

Vietnam Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
1. Date group was formed: Feb 10, 2009
2. List of Members: Syngenta VN, DuPont VN, Bayer VN
(Consultant: Dr. Nguyen Truong Thanh from Plant
Protection Institute)
3. How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs.
audios): 4 (3 face to face meetings + 1 telec meeting).
4. What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects
the group has elected to work on initially (2009-2010): Rice
& cabbage
5. Country Group Update by Crop Market: Rice & cabbage.

Crop: Rice
1. What diamide active ingredients are already registered:
• CTPR solo registered by DuPont under trade name Prevathon 5SC for control LF, SB on rice.
• CTPR mixture registered by Syngenta under trade name Virtako 40WG on rice (LF, SB, BPH)
2. Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products:
(see next slide)
3. Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM label language:
the languages are all in Vietnamese.
4. Share final document with written IRM recommendations tailored for crop market #1.
• On Prevathon 5 SC (main label of DuPont), it recommends that do not tank mix or frequent
application Prevathon on rice with other products in the same group of 28 . Both cabbage
and rice, it recommends use Ammate (Indoxacarb) first then come with Prevathon.
• On Virtako 40 WG ( sub-label of Syngenta), it recommends that to reduce resistance of LF &
SB, do not use the product in the same group 28 (Diamide) to tank mix or alternatively
applied with Virtako 40 WG. (we have not launched Virtako 300 SC) on vegetables.
5. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the market place:
Yes.
Are these recommendations supported by influencers (consultants, regulators)? Provide
examples, if available:
No. It is not paid attention by authority when their efficacies are still OK

Labels pictures.

Crop : Cabbage
1. What diamide active ingredients are already registered:
• CTPR solo registered by DuPont under trade name Prevathon 5 SC for control DBM on
cabbage.
• CTPR mixture registered by Syngenta under trade name Virtako 300 SC on cabbage &
tomato (flea beetle, aphids)
• Flubendiamide registered by Nihon Nohyaku under trade name Takumi 20 WG on
cabbage/DBM
2. Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products (see next
slide)
3. Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM label
language: the languages are all in Vietnamese.
4. Share final document with written IRM recommendations tailored for crop market #1.
• On Prevathon 5 SC (main label of DuPont), it recommends that On cabbage, it
recommends use Ammate (Indoxacarb) first then come with Prevathon.
• Syngenta has not yet launched Virtako 300SC on vegetables.
5. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the market
place:
Yes.
Are these recommendations supported by influencers (consultants, regulators)?
Provide examples, if available:
No. It is not paid attention by authority when their efficacies are still OK.

Labels pictures.

They are submitting dossier to
government for registration on
RLF, S. exigua. on rice and
onion.

Risk of resistance development & actions
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
Not yet.
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and
why? crop, practices
Very high risk are in Veggies:
-Plutella xylostella on Brassica (Cabbage, cauliflower…) – high
intensity, short interval, over dose application…
- Spodoptera exigua on Bean (long bean, cove…) – Not yet registered
but growers used as their experience.
- Rice : moderate intensity because high price.
3. What actions within your country/crop would have the greatest
impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for
diamides?
Some programs from NGOs corporate with Government to train and
finance for growers: IPM, ICM, GAP… Recommendation from
supplied companies on labels and in farmer meetings.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� India
Country reviews
18

Country Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
• Date group was formed- 2 nd February , 2010
• List of Members (names, companies, non-industry consultants)
S. No. Name Company E-mail Mobile Number
1 Rajul Edoliya DuPont rajul.edoliya@ind.dupont.com 919810503126
2 Vineet Singh DuPont vineet.singh@ind.dupont.com 919898905248
3 K V V Satyanarayana Bayer satyanarayana.kvv@bayercropscience.com 919819442876
4 Subhrabitan Das Bayer subhrabitan.das@bayercropscience.com 919820490563
5 Rajendra Deshmukh Syngenta rajendra.deshmukh@syngenta.com 919872066797
6 Rakesh Goel Syngenta rakesh.goel@syngenta.com 919729064321
7 Manickam Asaithambi Nihon Nohyaku asaithambi@nichino.co.jp 819017997198
8 S. Mallikarjunappa Rallis s_mallikarjunappa@rallis.co.in 919243474898
How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs. audios)
- One Audio on 15 th February , One face to face meeting on 5 th March,
One face to face meeting on 20 th September and one audio (with
marketing members) on 16 th December, 10.
• What are the prioritized crop markets the group has elected to
work on initially (2009-2010)? Rice and Cabbage
• Country Group Update by Crop Market
India

Country Diamide WG Update
Cabbage
• What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
- Takumi 20 WG, Coragen 20 SC,
- Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products.
- Attached
• Review and compare these labels. In particular, review harmonization of IRM
label language.
- Coragen 20 SC label has incorporated a part of IRM label language, Takumi ( Rallis)
shall do the same at the time of next label expansion.
• Share group‟s final IRM recommendations tailored for crop market #1.
- Final IRM recommendation has not been released so far.
India
• Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the
market place? Are these recommendations supported by influencers
(consultants, regulators)? Provide examples, if available.
- Shall be adopted by all member companies once we get an alignment on the final
recommendation.

Country Diamide WG Update
Rice
• What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
- Takumi 20 WG, Fame 48 SC, Coragen 20 SC, Ferterra 0.4 % GR
• Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products.
- Attached for DuPont and Rallis. Bayer‟s Fame label is already available with
Veronica
• Review and compare these labels. In particular, review harmonization of IRM
label language. Coragen 20 SC and Ferterra 0.4 % GR label have incorporated a
part of IRM label language, Takumi ( Rallis) and Fame (Bayer) shall do the same
at the time of next label expansion.
• Share group‟s final IRM recommendations tailored for crop market #1.
- Final IRM recommendation has not been released so far.
India
• Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the
market place? Are these recommendations supported by influencers
(consultants, regulators)? Provide examples, if available.
- Shall be adopted by all member companies once we get an alignment on the final
recommendation.

Country Diamide WG Update
Rice
India
• Next steps.
Our final communication is in final stage and the same was shared with the R&D and
marketing members of all member companies on 16 th December audio. During the
audio several queries were addressed. Few un-answered queries were forwarded to
the global diamide group for their inputs. After receiving the inputs the same were
shared with all members.
The implementation part which was due by February‟2011 is running behind the schedule
to beginning of year and lot of other meetings schedules.

Risk of resistance development
and actions
India
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed? No
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and
why? crop, practices-Brinjal (Egg Plant)
3. What actions within your country/crop would have the greatest
impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for
diamides?Common message at market place, conducting farmer
workshops and their trainings on IRM aspect. Informing them about
the alternate and effective chemistries they can incorporate in their
schedule. Making the trade channel aware of the Diamide Working
Group‟s efforts and the seriousness behind it.

INDIA WG Update
India Rice Strategy (under review)
• Always follow the directions for use on the product label.
India
• For the control of rice stem borers and leaf folder, there are two main windows ( 1 st
window upto 35 DAS/DAT & 2 nd window from around 40-80 DAS/DAT) when insecticide
applications are required to manage these pests.
• Diamides should be applied either in „1 st window‟ or „ 2 nd window‟ but can not be applied in both
the windows. The main reason is to avoid exposure of two consecutive generations of
the target pest (Stem borer and leaf folder) by the Diamides.
• Within a particular window, diamide insecticides may be applied more than one time, as
long as the residual activity of the combined sequence of applications does not exceed
the period of time of a single generation of the target pest.
• The total exposure period by diamide insecticides should never exceed 50% of the crop cycle.
• In areas where 2-3 crop seasons of rice are grown in a year, application of diamide
should not be repeated in the 1 st window of next season crop if it was applied in the 2 nd
window of previous crop season or vice versa.

INDIA WG Update
Germination
YRSB
&
LF
Early
Tillering
0 -10 DAT
Vegetative Stage Reproductive Stage
Active
Tillering
11 -30 DAT
1st. Gen.
Group 28 Insecticides
Example 1
Maximum
Tillering
31 -50 DAT
Panicle
Initiation
51 -60 DAT
2nd. Gen.
Booting
61 -80 DAT
Heading/ Milky
81 -100 DAT
Non-Group 28 Insecticides
India
India Rice Strategy (under review)
Ripe/ Maturity
101 - 120DAT

INDIA WG Update
Germination
YRSB
&
LF
Early
Tillering
0 -10 DAT
Vegetative Stage Reproductive Stage
Active
Tillering
11 -30 DAT
1st. Gen.
Example 2
Maximum
Tillering
31 -50 DAT
Panicle
Initiation
51 -60 DAT
2nd. Gen.
Booting
61 -80 DAT
Heading/ Milky
81 -100 DAT
India
India Rice Strategy (under review)
Ripe/ Maturity
101 - 120DAT
Group 28 Insecticide
Non-Group 28 Insecticides Non-Group 28 Insecticides

INDIA WG Update
India Cabbage Strategy (under review)
• Always follow the directions for use on the label of each product.
India
• For management of diamondback moth (DBM), there are 4 main windows when
insecticide applications are required to protect the crop from damage by this pest. The
first window is from nursery to 20 days after transplanting (DAT) , the second window is
from 21-50 DAT, third window is from 51-80 DAT and 4 th window is from 80 DAT and
beyond.
• Diamides should be applied either in the „1 st ‟ and „ 3 rd window‟ or in „2 nd ‟ and „ 4 th window‟
• The main reason is to avoid exposure of two consecutive generations of the target pest
by the Diamides. If diamides are applied in the first window, they should not follow with
diamide insecticides in the 2 nd window. However, he can use two „back to back‟ diamide
applications in the „diamide active window‟.
• Alternatively, if a grower chooses to apply a diamide insecticide for the control of DBM
in the 2 nd window, then he should not apply diamide insecticides in the 1 st or 3 rd
windows.
• The total exposure period by diamide insecticides should never exceed 50% of the crop cycle.
• In case, several cabbage crops are grown successively, application of diamides should
be avoided in the 1 st window of next season crop if it was applied in the last window of
the previous crop season.

INDIA WG Update
India Cabbage Strategy (under review)
Seeding/
Germination
Cotyledon/ Seedling Pre-cupping/ Cupping
Head Formation Head Fill Mature (Harvest)
DBM
Nursery
Transplanting
from nursery to field
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 days
Gen. n1
Example 1
Gen. n2 Gen. n3 Gen.
etc.
Group 28 Insecticide Group 28 Insecticide
Non-Group 28
Insecticides
India
Non-Group 28
Insecticides

INDIA WG Update
India Cabbage Strategy (under review)
Seeding/
Germination
Cotyledon/ Seedling Pre-cupping/ Cupping
Head Formation Head Fill Mature (Harvest)
DBM
Nursery
Transplanting
from nursery to field
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 days
Gen. n1
Non-Group 28
Insecticides
Example 2
Gen. n2 Gen. n3 Gen.
etc.
Group 28 Insecticide Group 28 Insecticide
Non-Group 28
Insecticides
India

IRM Language on Coragen Label
India

India

Flubendiamide 20 WG – approved label claim
Takumi
Name of
Crop
Rice
Cotton
Pigeon
pea
Cabbage
Common name of
pest
Stem borer
Leaf folder
American
bollworm
a.i.
(g)
Dosage per hectare Waiting
Formulation
(g)
Dilution in
water
(litre)
period from
last spray
to harvest
(in days)
MRL fixed in
India
(ppm)
25 125 500 30 0.10
50 250 500 30 0.10
Pod borer 50 250 500 30 0.05
Diamondback
moth
12.5 62.5 500 7 0.05
Tomato Fruit borer 50 250 500 5 0.07
India
Diamide IRM statement has not been incorporated so far on Takumi label. Rallis plans to do the same at the time of next label
Expansion.

Coragen label
SR. NO. PRODUCT NAME CROPS ON LABEL PEST
4
6
Coragen
(Chlorantraniliprole
18.5% SC)
Ferterra
(Chlorantraniliprole
0.4% GR)
Rice
Cabbage
Cotton
Sugarcane
Rice
LABEL RECOMMENDATION
Stem borer (Schirphophaga
incertulas ) and Leaf folder
(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis )
Diamond Back Moth (Plutella
xylostella )
American Boll Worm
(Helicoverpa armigera ), Spotted
bollworm (Earias vittella ),
Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera
litura )
Termite (Odontotermes obesus/
Microtermes obesi ),
Early Shoot Borer (Chilo
infuscatellus)
RECOMMENDED
DOSE/ HECTARE
(Formulation/
hectare)
150 ml/ha
50 ml/ha
150 ml/ha
500-625 ml/ha
375 ml/ha
Top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) 375 ml/ha
Yellow Stem Borer
(Scirpophaga incertulas ),
Paddy Leaf Folder
(Cnaphalocrosis medinalis )
PHI
(days)
47
10 kg/ha 53
3
9
208
India

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Philippines
Country reviews
34

Philippines Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
1. Date group was formed- 2Q 2009
2. List of Members (names, companies, non-industry consultants)
Rhoel Suiza, Technical, Syngenta
Ariel Anico, Marketing , Syngenta
Nap Saavedra, Corporate Affairs, Syngenta
Florence Vasquez, Technical, Bayer CropScience
Aaron Cano, Marketing, Bayer CropScience
Ronald Arabit, Stewardship/Marketing, Bayer Cropscience
Philippines

Philippines Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
2. List of Members (names, companies, non-industry consultants)
Oscar Edralin, Technical, Dupont
Ronald Brian Flores, Marketing, Dupont
Philippines

Philippine Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
3. How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs. audios)
since its initiation.
10 ( 11 including tomorrows meeting)
4. What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects the
group has elected to work on initially (2009-2010)
Eggplant and cabbage
Country Group Update by Crop Market (where are you relative to
the Diamide IRM Country guidelines)
We are already on the printing stage of the finalized educational
material. As far our scheduled educational program, we are already
preparing for the worskhop which will be initially held in May. (attached
see project timelines)
Philippines

Crop Cabbage
1. What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
flubendiamide, chlorotraniprole, chloronatriprole + thiametoxam
1. Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products. ( same
as before)
2. Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM label
language or progress being made to achieve harmonization.
3. Have you developed a document with IRM recommendations tailored for crop market
#1? Please share growth stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
Yes ( please find attached educational material)
Philippines
4. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the market
place? Are these recommendations supported by influencers (consultants,
regulators, univ experts)? Provide examples, if available.
Will be promoted together with the registrants in the forthcoming scheduled
educational campaign program and other stakeholders like government, research
institutions and academe

Crop : Eggplant
1. What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
flubendiamide, chlorotraniprole, chloronatriprole + thiametoxam
1. Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products. ( same
as before)
2. Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM label
language or progress being made to achieve harmonization.
3. Have you developed a document with IRM recommendations tailored for crop market
#1? Please share growth stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
Yes ( please find attached educational material)
Philippines
4. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the market
place? Are these recommendations supported by influencers (consultants,
regulators, univ experts)? Provide examples, if available.
Will be promoted together with the registrants in the forthcoming scheduled
educational campaign program and other stakeholders like government, research
institutions and academe

Risk of resistance development
and actions
Philippines
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
Yes
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development
and why? crop, practices
We see major risk in cabbage for DBM control
The following are the causal factors:
• no alternation of products, Farmers use same MOA
• under/over dosage
• not following recommendation on frequency and timing of
application
• asynchronous planting

Risk of resistance development and
actions
1. What actions within your country/crop would have the greatest
impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for
diamides?
� Educational campaign program which will be conducted in 2 phases
1. Train the trainers program which will be attended by company
representatives, government officials, university staff.
Competent/reliable speakers from the universities will be invited
2. Farmers training- approx 5000 farmers will benefit from this
exercise
� Monitoring of resistance ( with pre and post evaluation)
Philippines

Philippine Vegetable IRM Recommendations
and Training Plans
IRAC Philippines Diamide Working Group
Sixth International Workshop on Management of the Diamondback Moth
Kasetsart University, Thailand
2011, March 28-31:
March 21-25, 2011
Philippines

34,477.52
18,114.31
5,528.91
8,521.81
88,867.88
Agriculture in the Philippines
Value of Production (in Billion Php)
80,971.50
64,663.12
Source: Bureau of Agricultural
Statistics , 2009
76,952.29
238,353.57
Palay
Corn
Coconut
Banana
Pineapple
Coffee
Mango
Vegetables
Others

� Vegetables are regarded as high value crops with a
production value of about 34.5 B PHP
� Farmers practice intensive insect pest control to protect their
crops from insect pests
� DBM is one of the most important pest infesting vegetables
cabbage in particular. It is recognized as a high risk pest as
far as resistance development is concerned
� No joined sustained efforts by all stakeholders on resistance
management

Treated Area and Application
Crop Treated Area(ha)
Number of applications
and interval
Cabbage 100% 8-12 sprays at 7 days

Chemical subgroup: Diamides
Flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole was registered in 2006 and 2007
respectively

Current Situation on Diamides

Intensive Commercial Production Areas of Cabbage
in the Philippines
Ilocos
Benguet
Cebu ( reduced sensitivity in 2010)
Bukidnon
Davao

Summary of Survey Findings
Incidence of use
Frequency of spray
Rotation
Dosing
Based on survey of 100 farmers in Sudlon Cebu
High incidence of diamide use
12 sprays in a season; around 70%
or higher uses diamide products
Rotation with compounds from other
chemical classes/modes of action is
generally not practiced
Observed overdosing

Philippine IRAC Diamide Working Group

� Formed IRAC Diamide WG in 2009: develop
IRM strategy against DBM in cabbage
� Closely coordinating with IRAC International
and IRAC SEA on resistance management
� Recently, IRAC was integrated in the
Product Stewardship Committee of CropLife
Philippines

Ariel Anico
Syngenta
Nap Saavedra
Syngenta
IRAC Philippines Diamide WG Members
Aaron Cano
Bayer CropScience
Florence Vasquez
Bayer CropScience
Ronald Arabit
Bayer CropScience
Rodel Macatula
Du Pont
Oscar Edralin
Du Pont
Rhoel Suiza
Syngenta

IRAC Philippines Project

IRAC Philippines Project
Develop and launch an insect resistance management program
against DBM in cabbage with the following components:
1. IRM strategy
2. Educational campaign
3. Assessment /Monitoring

� Educate stakeholders ( company reps, farmers, government,
and in close collaboration with research and educational
institutions involved in agriculture ) on the principles and
practice of insect resistance management
�
Objectives
� Maintain insect susceptibility of registered compounds
as viable/effective option in integrated pest management programs
� Contribute to the sustainability of Philippines vegetable
production

Action Points
� Provide sustainable alternatives for vegetable
insect pest management
� Involve all stakeholders ( government officials
including regulators, academe, extension workers,
farmers, industry)
� Assess effectiveness of the program through
pre /post evaluation

Mechanics of the Project

Stage 1 : Train the trainers program which will
participated by company representatives
local government research and
extension staff, academe
a .Develop training module
b. Training of trainers (TOT) in project sites
c Pre and Post Assessment

Stage 2 : Farmers training
a .Production of training material
b. Training of farmers in project sites
b. Pre and Post Assessment (survey)

Train the trainers workshop will be conducted
in the following project areas
Area Crop Date # of
Participants
Benguet Cabbage May 17 100
Pangasinan Eggplant May 19 60
Cebu Cabbage June 7 30
Bukidnon Cabbage July 5 36
Davao Cabbage July 19 30
Quezon Eggplant August 2 50
Batangas Eggplant August 16 40

Farmers Training will be conducted in the following
project areas
Area Crop # of Participants
Benguet/Ilocos Cabbage 3000
Pangasinan Eggplant 400
Cebu Cabbage 400
Bukidnon Cabbage 300
Davao Cabbage 300
Quezon Eggplant 200
Batangas Eggplant 400

TOPICS IN THE IRM TRAINING
� Integrated Pest Management – Dr. C.B. Adalla
� General Principles of Resistance Management- Dr.E. Bernardo
� Insect Resistance Management: Experience in cabbage
and eggplant- Dr L. Colting and Dr. M. Navasero
� Maintaining Susceptibility to registered products ( e.g
diamides) in vegetables, An Industry responsibility- Diamide WG
� Product Stewardship- CLP

Project Activities and Timelines
Activities Timeline
1. Develop educational material 2010
on maintaining susceptibility of DBM to registered
compounds e.g diamides in cabbage
2. Obtain funding from IRAC Feb 2011
3. Prepare for the training proper Feb- April 2011
to include training module development
2. Train the trainers wokshop May- Aug, 2011
3. Farmers training Nov 2011- March 2012
4. Follow ups and Post evaluation May 2012- March 2013

IRM Strategy
A spray program using insecticides of a different
mode of action against each generation of DBM
Maintaining Susceptibility to Vegetable
Insecticides (eg: Diamides) – An industry
responsibility

NOTE: Insecticides belonging to other modes of action and/or other means of control

NOTE: Insecticides belonging to other modes of action and/or other means of control

„Train the Trainers“ Agenda
Time Activity Responsible
8:00- 9:00 Registration CLP
9:00- 9:05 Invocation CLP
9:05- 9:15 National anthemm All
9:15- 9:25 Welcome Message Local Govt Unit
9:25- 9:35 Overview of the Program CLP
9:35- 10:35 General principles on IRM IRAC rep
10:35- 10:40 Coffee break All
10:40- 11:20 Resistance Issues: Philippines
experience
11:20- 12:30 Maintaining Susceptibility to
Insecticides in Vegetable Crops
12:30 – 1:30 Lunch
Resource
Scientist
CLP
1:30- 2:30 Safe use / product stewardship CLP
2:30- 5:00 Field Visit All

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� China
Country reviews
69

China (Country) Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
1. Date group was formed: April 7 th , 2010
2. List of :

3. Meetings since its initiation.
• 3 group meetings held by CN Diamide WG in 2010:
• April 7 th , the 1 st meeting held in Beijing SYN office
• June 23 rd , the 2 nd meeting held in Shanghai DuPont office
• Dec. 8 th , the 3 rd meeting held in Shanghai DuPont office

4. What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk
insects the group has elected to work on initially
(2009-2010)?
•Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) and leaffolder
(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)
•Brassica diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella)
were selected

5. Country Group Update by Crop Market (where are you
relative to the Diamide IRM Country guidelines)
• rice stem borer: 2010 start the resistance monitoring project cooperated
with NATESC and Nanjing AU in center and south China.
• rice leaffolder: Syngenta initiate the resistance monitoring project
co-operated with Guangxi AU in Guangxi province
• Brassica Diamond back moth: planning but no action so far.
CN diamide WG initiated discussion on MOA Icon (Group 28) and
resistance management statement for label

Crop _Rice__ # 1
1.What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
Ai: chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide
Formulations: Syngenta: Chlorantraniliprole+Thiamethoxam
(20+20)%WG,
DuPont: Chlorantraniliprole 200g/L SC
Bayer: Flubendiamide + Abamectin (67+33) g/L SC

Labels in Rice: Coragen 200SC from DuPont
IRM statement: to avoid the resistance development, it was not applied more
than 2 times per season rice, and rotation application with other MoA
products.

BELT 100SC from Bayer
IRM statement: rotation application with other MoA products

Virtako 40WG from Syngenta
IRM statement: rotation application with other MoA products, not more than 3
applications

Crop _Rice__ # 1 : status today
3. Share final IRM communication document with written IRM
recommendations tailored for crop market #1. Please share growth
stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
the IRM recommendation in CN was under discussion within
Diamide WG, not finalized yet.
4. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member
companies in the market place? Are these recommendations
supported by influencers (consultants, regulators, univ experts)?
Provide examples, if available.
not yet so far in CN.

Crop Vegetable_ # 2
1.What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
Ai: chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide
Formulations:
Syngenta: Chlorantraniliprole+Thiamethoxam (100+200) g/L SC,
Chlorantraniliprole + L-cyhalothrin (100+50) g/L ZC,
Chlorantraniliprole + Abamectin (45+18) g/L SC
DuPont: Chlorantraniliprole 5% SC
Nihon Nohyaku : Flubendiamide 20%WG

Vegetable labels: Prevathon 5%SC from
DuPont
IRM recommendation: to avoid the resistance development, it was not applied
more than 3 times per crop season .

Phoenix 20%WG from Nihon Nohyaku
IRM recommendation: to delay the resistance development, it was
recommended rotation application with other MoA products, and no more than 3
times per crop season.

Durivo 300SC from Syngenta
IRM statement: rotation application with other MoA products

Ampligo 150ZC from Syngenta
IRM statement: rotation application with other MoA products, no more than 2
times per crop season.

Voliam Targo 063SC from Syngenta
IRM statement: rotation application with non IRAC 28 (diamides) and IRAC 6
(avermectins) , no more than 2 times per crop season.

Crop Vegetable_ # 2
(please, use as many slides as needed to comprehensively describe progress to date)
4. Share final IRM communication document with written IRM
recommendations tailored for crop market #1. Please share growth
stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
the IRM recommendation in CN was under discussion within Diamide
WG, not finalized yet.
5. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member
companies in the market place? Are these recommendations
supported by influencers (consultants, regulators, univ experts)?
Provide examples, if available.
not yet so far in CN.

Risk of resistance development
and actions
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
some CN cases showed the field efficacy of diamide
products was reduced, the main reason was incorrect
application methods and timing, no resistance issue so far.
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development
and why? crop, practices
rice stem borer and leaffolder are the major risk for
resistance development, since lots of diamide products were
registered on rice for these pest control, including Virtako,
Coragen, Belt, and CN growers had no any resistance
management consciousness so far.

Risk of resistance development
and actions
3. What actions within your country/crop would have the
greatest impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM
practices for diamides?
grower training (IRM guideline) is a big issue in CN, since
large population was poor educated farmer.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Indonesia
Country reviews
88

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Indonesia Diamide Working Group
Major Milestones
1. Indonesia Diamide Working Group was formed on Oct 29, 2009 through it first meeting done
at Syngenta Research Station at Cikampek
2. Current member of the Indonesia Diamide WG are staff from Syngenta, Dupont, Bayer, and
Agricon, list of the team as updated in Mar 11, 2011 is,
Company Name e-mail
Syngenta Marsudi a.marsudi@syngenta.com
Syngenta Fei Ling Fei.Ling@syngenta.com
Syngenta Agus Triwiyono agus.triwiyono@syngenta.com
Syngenta Erwin Cuk Surahmat erwin.cuk_surahmat@syngenta.com
Bayer Tatang Rukmana tatang.rukmana@bayer.com
Bayer Iwan Rahwanudin iwan.rahwanudin@bayer.com
Dupont Iskandar Zulkarnain Iskandar.Zulkarnain@idn.dupont.com
Dupont Satya Wardhana Satya.Wardhana@idn.dupont.com
Agricon Agung Prasetyo agung@agricon.com
Agricon Irma Cahayani Irma.cahayani@agricon.com

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
3. Since it was performed, 5 meetings by F2F have been conducted, all the member are very actively involved
in every discussion, detail dates and locations were meeting conducted are,
1. Oct 29, 2009: at Syngenta R&D, Cikampek
2. Feb 23, 2010: at Dupont Head Office, Jakarta
3. Apr 11, 2010: at Dupont Head Office, Jakarta
4. Dec 17, 2010: at Syngenta R&D, Cikampek and
5. Mar 11, 2011: at Agricon, Bogor
Next meeting will be conducted at Bayer Head Office, Jakarta
4. The group has elected the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects to work on based on resistance risk as,
• Shallot (short periods of planting age, intensive use of pesticide with short interval of spraying)
• Cabbage (rapid development of insect population with short interval of spraying)
• Chili (targeted pest easy adapt to the use of intensive pesticide with short interval of spraying)
• Rice (misuse: low dosage, and continuous application by farmer once they got new and strong
products)
5. Current status of recommendation are,
• Fully aware with the Guideline, however still need improvement
• Application based on calendar
• Based more to the alternation spray rather than to window schedule
• Less consideration of insect target life cycle
• Number of sprays exceed to more than 50% of crop cycle

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
1. Shallot
� List of active ingredients which already registered in shallot are:
No Products Active ingredient Target Pest Recommd. Company
1 Prevathon 50 SC Chlorantraniliprole 50 g/l Spodoptera exigua 2 – 3 ml/l Dupont
2 Ampligo 150 ZC
3 Virtako 300 SC
Chlorantraniliprole 100 g/l + Lamda
Cyhalotrin 50 g/l
Chlorantraniliprole100 g/l +
Thiametoxam 200 g/l
Spodoptera exigua 0.1 – 0.2 ml/l Syngenta
Spodoptera exigua 0.4 – 0.8 ml/l Syngenta
4 Takumi 20 WG Flubendiamide 20 % Spodoptera exigua 50 – 100 g/ha Agricon
� Current Electronic versions of labels (only Prevathon and Takumi which are available)
Prevathon
“ Maximum 4x application with 7 days interval ”
Takumi
“ Time of application starting at economic/pest threshold
level and finished 2 week before harvesting ”

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� IRM language on each of the labels already been used, example from Prevathon:
maximum of 4x application a long the crop cycle, or from Takumi: time of application, starting
at economic threshold.
Like that, recommendation still not follow the Diamide-IRAC Guideline fully and almost not
follow the window application schedule, and again not consider to the insect target life cycle.
Therefore in the meeting which was conducted in Mar 11, 2011, we discussed intensively to
improve and adapt the current recommendation strategy to follow the Guideline.
� Results of our discussion to the possibility of using right guideline are in the following page of
charter.
� The propose recommendation of spray schedule is not promoted yet to the market place,
however it will be followed up soon by all the companies member.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Shallot
Growth Stage
1 7 14 21 28 42 50 57 60 DAP
Life cycle of Spodoptera Exigua
is 30 days in average with first occurrence
mostly at 7 DAP.
2 generations in one crop period
Diamide Group 28
Non Diamide Group
No Application
1 st Generation
Recommendation from ID diamide WG
2 nd Generation
Farmers practice: intensive use of products of 3-4 days intervals
Diamide Group 28 Non Group 28
Remark :
Farmer practice in ID, most of them apply at 3-4 days interval with total of 16 sprays
Our discussion following the IRAC Guideline is to recommend of applying Diamide
product at 1 st cycle of Spodoptera ( 7 – 37 DAP ) with 7 day interval, total 4 sprays,
and change to non diamide for the 2nd cycle.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
2. Cabbage
� List of active ingredients of diamide products which already registered in cabbage
No Products active ingredient Target Pest Recommd. Company
1 Prevathon 50 SC Chlorantraniliprole 50 g/l
2 Ampligo 150 ZC
� Current Electronic versions of labels (only Prevathon which is available)
� Prevathon:
Chlorantraniliprole 100 g/l +
Lamda Cyhalotrin 50 g/l
maximum of 4x application a long
the crop period, weekly intervals.
Plutella xylostella
Crocidolomia pavonana
0.5 - 0.6 l/ha Dupont
Plutella xylostella 0.1 – 0.2 ml/l Syngenta

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Cabbage
Growth stage
Life cycle of DBM
is 20 days in average with first
occurrence mostly at 1-7 DAT.
3 generations in one crop cycle
1 st Recommendation
2 nd Recommendation
Diamide Group 28
Non Diamide Group
1 st Generation 2 nd Generation 3 rd Generation?
Farmers practice: intensive use of products in 7 days intervals, 9 sprays
Recommendation from ID diamide WG
Diamide Group 28 i Non Diamides Diamide
Recommendation from ID Diamide WG, there are two option as
First recommendation applying diamide group on 1 st and 3 rd generation of target pest,
with 4 sprays in total.
or 2 sprays at 1 st Cycle and 1 spray at 3 rd Cycle for the second option of recommendation

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
3. Chili
� List of active ingredients of diamide products which registered in chili are,
No Products active ingredient Target Pest Recommd. Company
1 Prevathon 50 SC Chlorantraniliprole 50 g/l Spodoptera litura 1 – 1.5 ml/l Dupont
2 Ampligo 150 ZC
3 Virtako 300 SC
Chlorantraniliprole 100 g/l
+ Lamda cyhalotrin 50 g/l
Chlorantraniliprole 100 g/l
+ Thiametoxam 200 g/l
Spodoptera litura 0.2 – 0.3 ml/l Syngenta
Spodoptera litura 0.1 – 0.2 ml/l Syngenta
4 Gabbar 200 SC Flubendiamide 200 g/l Spodoptera litura 0.4 ml/l Agricon
5 Takumi 20 WG Flubendiamide 20 % Spodoptera litura 200 – 250 g/ha Agricon
� Recommendation still not follow the Diamide-IRAC Guideline fully and almost not follow the
window application schedule, and again not consider to the insect target life cycle.
� Results of our discussion to the possibility of using right guideline are in the following page of
charter.
� The propose recommendation of spray schedule is not promoted yet to the market place,
however it will be followed up soon by all the companies member.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Chili
1 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 140 dat
Diamide Group 28
Non Diamide Group
Life cycle of Spodoptera litura
is 40 days in average with first occurrence
mostly at 21 DAT.
3 generations in one crop cycle
1 st Generation 2 nd Generation 3 rd Generation?
Farmers practice: intensive use of products in 7 days intervals, 15 sprays
Recommendation from ID diamide WG
Diamide Group 28 Non diamide group Diamide
Recommendation from ID Diamide WG is
Applying diamide group on 1 st cycle with 3 sprays
and at 3 rd generation with 2 sprays

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
4. Rice
List of active ingredients of diamide product which already registered are,
No Products active ingredient Target Pest Recommd. Company
1 Prevathon 50 SC Chlorantraniliprole 50 g/l
Scirpophaga incertulas
Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
2 – 3 ml/l Dupont
2 Ferterra 0.4 G Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 % Scirpophaga incertulas 6.25 – 10 kg/ha Dupont
3 Virtako 300 SC
Chlorantraniliprolr 100 g/l
+ Thiametoxam 200 g/l
4 Takumi 20 WG Flubendiamide 20 %
5
Spontanking 68
WP
Flubendiamide 4 % +
Monosultap 64 %
6 Gabbar 200 SC Flubendiamide 200 g/l
Scirpophaga incertulas
Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
Nilaparvata lugens
Scirpophaga incertulas
Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
Nilaparvata lugens
Scirpophaga incertulas
Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
Nilaparvata lugens
Scirpophaga incertulas
Cnaphalocrosis medinalis
Nilaparvata lugens
100 – 150 ml/ha
100 – 150 ml/ha
150 – 200 ml/ha
Syngenta
50 – 100 g/ha Agricon
0.25 – 0.5 kg/ha
0.5 – 1 kg/ha
0.25 – 0.5 kg/ha
150 – 200
ml/ha
Agricon
Agricon
� Recommendation still not follow the Diamide-IRAC Guideline fully and almost not follow the
window application schedule, and again not consider to the insect target life cycle.
� Results of our discussion to the possibility of using right guideline are in the following page of
charter.
� The propose recommendation of spray schedule is not promoted yet to the market place,
however it will be followed up soon by all the companies member.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Currently label of Virtako in Rice :
Remark :
Time of application starting at 15 days after transplanting and repeat with 15 day interval

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Currently label of Ferterra in Rice :
Remark :
Currently label 1x application at 2 - 20 days after transplanting, by broadcast

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Currently label of Takumi in Rice :
Remark :
Time of application starting at economic/pest threshold level and finished 2 week before harvesting
.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Rice
Life cycle RSB
30 day average with
3 generations
Life cycle LFF
35 days average with
2 generations
Diamide Group 28
Non Diamide Group
1 st Generation 2 nd Generation 3 rd Generation?
1 st Generation
Farmers practice: apply products 4 times
Recommendation from ID diamide WG
Diamide Group 28 Non diamide group
2 nd Generation
Farmer practice in ID, mostly apply 4 sprays of insecticides per season.
2 times to control dead heart (vegetative stage crop), followed by 2 sprays to control
white head (reproductive stage).
ID Diamide WG recommendation is to apply only on 1 st generation of RSB or LFF
With 2 sprays
dat

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Risk of resistance development
and actions
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
There is no issue reported
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and
why? crop, practices see slide 2
� Shallot (short periods of planting age, intensive use of pesticide with short interval of spray)
� Cabbage (rapid development of insect population with short interval of spraying)
� Chili (targeted pest easy adapt to the use of intensive pesticide with short interval of spraying)
� Rice (misuse: low dosage, and continuous application by farmer once they got new and strong
� products)

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Risk of resistance development
and actions
What actions within your country/crop would have the
greatest impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM
practices for diamides?
Under process to further following up and especially
to address the knowledge of to do the right applications
in daily activity of using diamide group of products.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
from left to right: Iskandar, Erwin, Agung, Fei Ling, Irma, Iwan, Suhara, Satya, and Andre
Picture of the member on the meeting of Mar 11, 2011
with special guest Mr. Suhara (Marketing manager-Agricon)

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Malaysia
Country reviews
106

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Thailand
Country reviews
107

Update on DBM diamide
resistance from Thailand:
causal factors and learnings
Sukonthabhirom,S;
Dumrongsak,D; Jumroon,S;
Saroch,T; Chaweng,A; Tanaka,T

Status of diamide resistance in
DBM
� DBM larvae in Thailand are historically
notorious for their speed of developing
resistance to new products.

Diamide insecticides observed
� Flubendiamide
� Takumi 20%WDG
� (Field recommended dose = 6 g/20 L (=60 ppm ai))
� Chlorantraniliprole
� Prevathon 5% SC
� (Field recommended dose = 30 ml/20 L (=75 ppm ai))

Thailand: Areas of Diamide Resistance by DBM
1. Bang Bua Thong district, Sai Noi district , Nonthaburi province.
2. Sali, Songphinong district , Suphannburi province.
3. Tha muang district , Kanchanaburi province. 4. Lat Lum Kaew district, Pathum Thani

Thailand - Diamondback Moth “R” to
flubendiamide occurred in 15 months

DBM was the target for
diamide insecticides
� Insects targeting with the Diamide: mainly
DBM
� Spodoptera exigua and S. litura: farmers less
concerned because they can use Ammate, Success or
Rampage to control them.

The first diamide insecticide in
Thailand
� Flubendiamide (Takumi® 20WDG)
insecticide, representing the IRAC Mode of
Action Group 28, was registered in
Thailand in May, 2007.
� At that time, Takumi® was a novel diamide
product that offered growers excellent
control of diamondback moth and other
lepidopteran larvae in a crucifer market
where few other insecticides were adequately
effective.

Other insecticides in markets for
DBM control
� The products in markets for DBM control
Ammate -( indoxacarb) not effective for DBM
Success -( Spinosad) not effective for DBM
Abamectin - not effective for DBM
Rampage (chlorfenapyr) not effective for DBM
Pleo - (pyridalyl ) effective in some area
Pegasus - (diafenthiuron) effective in some area
Hachi Hachi - (tolfenpyrad) some effectiveness.
� Growers are willing to rotate to other chemistries if they are effective

Thai farmer practice
� The period from planting until harvest of Chinese
kale or Chinese radish is about 50-60 days
� Farmers will start DBM sprays 15 -20 days
post planting on a 3-5 day spray interval
(high infestation could mean 10 sprays per
cropping season).

Thai farmer practice
� Most farmers alternate with the existing
insecticides in the markets, however most
insecticide partners gave no maximum
protection of DBM.
� At that time, farmers used flubendiamide at the
recommended dose of 4-6 g prod/20 L (with long
hose high pressure pump).

Field recommended dose of flubendiamide
20%WDG has been increasing in Thailand
Year g/20 liter a.i. (ppm)
2007 4-6 g 40-60
2009 6-8 g 60-80
2011 >12 g >120

Susceptibility of diamide
insecticide to DBM from literature
� Flubendiamide
� EC50 = 0.004 mg ai/liter from Japan
� (Tohnishi et al.,2005) J. Pestic. Sci., 30(4), 354–360.
� Chlorantraniliprole
� LC50 = 0.050 ppm (technical bulletin of Rynaxypyr)
� LC50 = 0.221 - 1.104 mg ai/liter from China
� (Wang, X. et al.,2010) J. Econ. Entomol. 103(3): 843-848.

Thailand - Diamondback Moth “R” to flubendiamide
occurred in 15 months and is cross “R” to
Rynaxypyr® not yet registered.

Status of diamide resistance of
DBM in Thailand (year 2008-2010)
� For flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole in 2008-2010
Insecticide Population 1 LC50 (mg/liter)
(95%FL)
Flubendiamide Tub Berg 0.160 (0.0366-0.811) -
Tha Muang 0.246 (0.113-0.593)
RF 2
1.5
Sai Noi 10.6 (3.84-22.8) 66.3
Chlorantraniliprole Tub Berg 0.225 (0.0535-0.587) -
Sai Noi 7.97 (4.09-13.7)
35.4
1 Tha Muang, Tub Berg, and Sai Noi population was tested in 2008, 2009, and 2010 respectively.
2 Resistance factor = LC50 of a population / LC50 of the Tub Berg population, the most
susceptible field population in 2009.

Status of diamide resistance of
DBM in Thailand (Feb-Mar 2011)
� For flubendiamide in 2011
Insecticide Population LC50 (mg/liter) (95%FL) RF 2
Flubendiamide Tub Berg 1
Tha Muang
Sai Noi
Lat Lum Kaew
1 Tub Berg population was tested in 2009.
0.160 (0.0366-0.811) -
770.776 (123.325-26336.853) 4,817
65.148 (2.706-157.405)
407
4,256.6 (2690.1-9373.2) 26,603
2 Resistance factor = LC50 of a population / LC50 of the Tub Berg population, the most susceptible field population in
2009.

Status of diamide resistance of
DBM in Thailand (Feb-Mar 2011)
� For chlorantraniliprole in 2011
Insecticide Population 1 LC50 (mg/liter) (95%FL) RF 2
Chlorantraniliprole Tub Berg 1
Tha Muang
Sai Noi
Lat Lum Kaew
1 Tub Berg population was tested in 2009.
0.225 (0.0535-0.587)
19.739 (7.317-92.434) 87
34.364 (12.053-60.586)
-
152
174.438 (137.081-219.782) 775
2 Resistance factor = LC50 of a population / LC50 of the Tub Berg population, the most susceptible field population in
2009.

The diamide resistance of DBM in
Thailand has been increasing
� Increased RF of DBM to flubendiamide from
past to present
� Tha Muang: RF 1.5 � 4,817 (Year 2008-2011)
� Sai Noi : RF 66.3 � 407 (Year 2010-2011)
� Increased RF of DBM to chlorantraniliprole
from past to present
� Sai Noi: RF 35.4 � 152 (Year 2010-2011)

The field recommended dose of diamide
insecticide should be reconsidered
� Field recommended dose from the bottle label of
flubendiamide to DBM is 60 ppm ai
� Tha Muang: LC50 = 771 ppm (Year 2011)
� Sai Noi : LC50 = 65 ppm (Year 2011)
� Lat Lum Kaew: LC50 = 4,256 ppm (Year 2011)
� Field recommended dose from the bottle label of
chlorantraniliprole to DBM is 75 ppm ai
� Lat Lum Kaew: LC50 = 174 ppm (Year 2011)

Resistance mechanisms to diamide
insecticides need to be clarified
� It is speculated that metabolic mechanisms
play a major role in the development of insect
resistance to diamide insecticides in
Thailand.
� The breadth of cross resistance of diamide
insecticide needs to be investigated.

Causal factors of diamide
resistance in Thailand
� Continuous plantings of crucifers
� High selection pressure from frequent
spraying
(over-dependency on a single mode of
action)
(Farmers used flubendiamide more than 4 to
5 times per crop)
� Crucifer growers minimally rotate to other
non-crucifer crops such as chili and lettuce

Causal factors of diamide
resistance in Thailand
� Farmers always use tank mix with other
insecticides to control the same target pest
and other pests at the same time to reduce
labor cost for spraying.
� Tank mix used by farmer could increase
severity of multiple/cross resistance in
DBM, if it has already obtained high
frequency of resistance gene.

In summary
� The resistance of DBM to diamide insecticide
has been increasing dramatically.
� Effective insecticide partners for rotation in
spraying program have to be investigated
and recommended.
� Crop rotation and IPM should be performed
to decrease selection pressure.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Australia
Country reviews
132

2011 Australia Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
1. Date group was formed… June 2010
2. List of Members (names, companies, non-industry
consultants)…..
alex.mills@elders.com.au, alison.beattie@agric.wa.gov.au,
andrew.aubert@syngenta.com, cmonsour@peracto.com.au,
David.Carey@deedi.qld.gov.au, Geoff W
Cornwell/PO/DuPont@DuPont, Greg.Baker@sa.gov.au, Guy
Kenneth Sands/PO/DuPont, ken.mckee@syngenta.com,
rachel.lancaster@agric.wa.gov.au,
stewart.learmonth@agric.wa.gov.au,
tim.ogrady@bayercropscience.com

2011 Australia Diamide WG Update
Team members
Guy Sands – DuPont Product Manager
Tim O‟Grady – Bayer Market Dev Manager
Anthony De Monte – Bayer Dev Manager (Insecticides)
Stewart Learmonth – Entomologist (WA Department of Agriculture and Food)
Brendan Ahern – DuPont (Group leader)
Ken McKee – Syngenta (Field Dev Manager)
Andrew Aubert – Syngenta (Dev Manager – Australasia)
David Carey - Senior Horticulturalist (Horticulture and Forestry Science. Agri-
Science Queensland)
Alison Beattie - Development Officer (Department of Agriculture and Food WA
Manjimup
Greg Baker - Entomology Unit (South Australian Research and Development
Institute (SARDI)
Andrew Meaurant – Elders National Hort manager
Chris Monsour – Peracto Qld
Rachel Lancaster - Research Officer (vegetables) Department of Agriculture
and Food Western Australia
Geoff Cornwell – Field Development Manager (DuPont

2011 Australia Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
3. How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs.
audios) since its initiation……3
4. What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk
insects the group has elected to work on
initially…..DBM-crucifers
5. Country Group Update by Crop Market (where are you
relative to the Diamide IRM Country
guidelines)…………LEVEL 7

Risk of resistance development
and actions
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy
been observed?
NO
2. Where do you see the major risk of
resistance development and why?
Continual Cropping
3. What actions within your country/crop
would have the greatest impact on
encouraging growers to adopt IRM

Australian Diamide Mtg Agenda – Dec 7 2010
Agenda items
Welcome & Introduce any new team members (Brendan)
Scribe for note taking – (Geoff ?)
Review IRAC Code of Conduct & Antitrust Rules (up-front at each meeting) (Brendan)
Main focus of this meeting is on resistance management in brassicas so could we have an update from each
company on how they currently promote resistance management to growers & distributors for brassicas –
verbal update OK. Consider things like number of applications, window approaches, spray intervals,
timing etc
DuPont strategies with Coragen (Guy Sands) 5 – 10 mins
Bayer strategies with Belt (Tim O'Grady) 5 – 10 mins
Syngenta strategies with Durivo (Ken or Andrew) 5 – 10 mins
Field feedback, what are growers actually doing – either good or bad, verbal update OK
Qld region – David Carey - 5 – 10 mins
Sth region – Greg Baker – 5 – 10 mins
WA region – Stewart – 5 – 10 mins
Elders distributor perspective – Andrew – 5 – 10 mins
Resistance wording on labels & usage in marketing publication. Brendan to go thru (see attached). Do any of
the companies use this – feedback from all. 10 mins
For brassicas specifically, are the guidelines published by the regional DPI‟s sufficient or do we need more
work, ie wording, funds for publication etc (see attached) (all)
Additional publications from IRAC/Crop Life
What else needs to be done to promote good resistance management in brassicas? All
What are the other key crops & pests that we could start developing resistance management strategies for?
All
Summary of action items (Geoff ?)
Next audio meeting time suggestion (All)

Australian Diamide Mtg Minutes – Dec 2010
1. How is IRM promoted to growers & distributors for brassicas?
Bayer (Tim O’Grady).
-IRM message is kept simple & is passed onto growers one on one.
-give clear message to industry that Belt & Coragen have the same MOA.
-limit useage to 1-2 applications per crop. Where two applications are used, they are applied
sequentially & are usually only needed under high insect pressure. Three sprays are
usually not needed and are therefore avoided.
-use of Belt is generally targeted towards lep control during the “vulnerable” stage of crop
development eg. broccoli-one application at buttoning initiation followed by one application
7 days later.
-“soft” chemistry such as Bt‟s & indoxacarb are recommended during the early phases of crop
growth.
-also need to be fluid with Belt recommendations in crop as spray timing can be dependent on
pest spectrum present. Referring to Lockyer Valley where up to 7 lepidopterous species
attack brassicas.
-Group 28‟s have become a “game changer” in tomatoes & lettuce due to their MOA and as a
result less methomyl is being used.
-based on many years experience with imidacloprid, the residual length of control of soil
applied products can not be accurately determined due to influences from seedling media,
soil types, application techniques & irrigation regimes.
-recently attended a global workshop on resistance management & Australia appears to be on
its own in relation to trying to manage Group 28‟s as soil & foliar applied in the one crop
segement.
DuPont (Guy Sands).
-similar positioning message as above for Coragen in relation to using the product during the
important stage of crop production.
-DuPont also promotes two sequential applications but then rotate to a different MOA. A third
application can be applied if required later in the crop.

Australian Diamide Mtg Minutes – Dec 2010
2. What are growers actually doing re. use of Group 28 products?
Qld region (David Carey).
-producers have become reliant on foliar Group 28 chemistry as DBM &
heliothis resistance to other chemistry has been detected.
-Group 28 chemistry has been found to be “soft” on beneficials. Another
reason for its uptake.
-foliar Group 28‟s are used to control lep pests during the development of the
“vulnerable” portion of the crop phase.
-the IRM strategies are published & promoted to the industry however
because they are not law, they are not always adhered to.
-with low vegetable prices therefore low margins, growers are tending to use
one foliar application only of the Group 28‟s. This appears to be
performing well.
-feedback from the Lockyer Valley & Stanthorpe regions indicates that there
are concerns for the longevity of the Group 28 chemistry.
-smaller container size allows for more rotation with different MOA chemistry.
-growers now have the opportunity to apply foliar Group 28‟s on top of soil
applied Group 28‟s which poses a serious issue for resistance
management.

Australian Diamide Mtg Minutes – Dec 2010
SA region (Greg Baker).
-no direct field feedback.
-Greg is initiating a field trial this season in brussell sprouts in the Adelaide Hills to compare
the persistence of chlorantraniliprole when applied foliarly (1, 2 or 3 Coragen
applications 10 days apart) vs. soil applied Durivo on seedlings in the nursery.
Persistence will be measured by DBM lab bioassay and possibly some chemical residue
analysis of leaves. Preliminary results will possibly be available by late January, 2011.
-the use of a single MOA targeted towards specific crop growth stages where continuous
crop plantings occurs actually places a significant DBM selection pressure on that
molecule.
WA region (Stewart Learmonth).
-no first hand interaction with farmers.
-season has seen high DBM pressure (particularly in November) & green peach aphid
pressure. GPA pressure has impacted significantly on crop establishment.
-Many growers are doing their own crop monitoring of the Durivo treated crop and when it
runs out of action, they spray with a different MOA.
-One grower was using Durivo from the start of the season and based on impressive results
achieved, was not certain when he would stop using it.
-a Durivo performance de-brief is planned at the end of Autumn, 2011.
-growers well aware of the need to rotate MOA‟s for DBM resistance management.
-growers plan to stop using Durivo from mid-December.
-DBM tends to attack the early development stage of the brassica crops and is less attracted
to the maturing crop.
-growers tend to spray the one MOA across a range of crop growth stages at any one spray
timing ie. make up one spray tank with the one MOA and apply over the entire planting.

Australian Diamide Mtg Minutes – Dec 2010
3. What else needs to be done to promote good resistance management in brassicas?
-Geoff Cornwell suggested the industry should invest in more intensive seasonal DBM
(perhaps heliothis) resistance monitoring of chlorantraniliprole & flubendiamide (&
probably should also include indoxacarb, spinosad & emamectin), so as to make
informed decisions from season to season on recommended use frequency of the
different MOA‟s.
-Alex Mills suggested that distribution may be in a position to help fund resistance
monitoring for example based on the profitability of the new chemistry being supplied
through the agency system.
-Stewart Learmonth suggested HAL is keen to fund joint projects between Australia & NZ.
This maybe a potential source of funding for resistance monitoring.
-Brendan Ahern suggested that the global IRAC group may be worth contacting re. sourcing
funding for resistance monitoring.
Meeting closed at 3.30 pm SA time.
Action items.
Stewart Learmonth to distribute to the group, the current IRM used in WA which also
incorporates Durivo & any technical bulletins sent to growers explaining how Durivo
should be used from an IRM point of view.
Geoff Cornwell to source the NZ DBM brassica strategy and understand the logic behind
their positioning of Durivo in this strategy.
Brendan Ahern to re-circulate Australian diamide resistance management wording options
and get agreement from the group on the common wording to be used as currently
there is a lack of wording consistency.
There was group consensus that the current DBM IRM‟s need to be re-drafted based on the
Group 28 complexity. Any thoughts/input on improvements to be forwarded to
Brendan Ahern so that they can be discussed at the next meeting.

Australian team is
debating on
whether to keep
this format or
choose something
different.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Mexico
Country reviews
147

Mexico Diamide WG Update
1 - Date group was formed:
August 06, 2009
Major Milestones
2 - List of Members
Abel Toledo: abel.toledo@bayercropscience.com
Maurilio Flores: maurilio.flores@syngenta.com
Jose del Refugio Muñoz: jose-del-refugio.munoz@mex.dupont.com
3 - How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs. audios)
2 F2F, 2 audio and several e-mail communications.
4 - What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects the group
has elected to work on initially (2009-2010)?
Brassica
Tomato.
5 - Country Group Update by Crop Market (where are you relative to the
Diamide IRM Country guidelines)
N/A

Brassica and Tomato
What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
Flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole
Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide
products.
(please see annex 1).
Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM
label language or progress being made to achieve harmonization.
The final recommendation include a short version with the next points
that is included in each label:
i) Don‟t treat successive /consecutive pest generations
ii) Use the IRAC group 28 insecticide with other MOA
insecticides in a block or window, and,
iii) Don‟t apply (or treat) more than 50% crop cycle with IRAC
group 28 insecticide

Brassica and Tomato
Share final IRM communication document with written IRM
recommendations tailored for crop market #1. Please share growth
stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
(please see annex 1).
Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies
in the market place? Are these recommendations supported by
influencers (consultants, regulators, univ experts)? Provide examples,
if available.
Each company has been responsible for promote the IRM 28 IRAC
group recommendations in tarket place, and in all forums, the IRM
program for 28 IRAC group has been supported by some growers
associations and technicians such as COTECO (Brassicas) and
CAADES (other veggie crops).

Risk of resistance development
and actions
1 - Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
N/A
2 - Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and why?
crop, practices
N/A
3 - What actions within your country/crop would have the greatest impact
on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for diamides?
N/A

Annex I
• Final documents of IRM recommendations
for each one IRAC 28 group members in
Mexico for all crops included on
commercial labels

Bayer Belt 480 SC
Recomendaciones generales de manejo de resistencia para las
aplicación de Belt® 480 SC
Antes de aplicar lea cuidadosamente la etiqueta y apegese a las
indicaciones señaladas para la plaga y cultivo que aquí se indican.
Con el propósito de evitar el rápido desarrollo de resistencia, evite tratar
generaciones consecutivas de la plaga objetivo con el mismo producto o
productos con el mismo modo de acción .
Aplique BELT® 480 SC usando el concepto de “VENTANAS ” alternando
bloques de tratamientos de Belt 480 SC seguido por bloques de
tratamientos con productos efectivos de diferente modo de acción.
El periodo total de exposición de todos los ingredientes activos en las
ventanas del grupo 28 aplicados durante el ciclo de cultivo no debe
exceder el 50 % de ciclo de cultivo.

DuPont Coragen

Syngenta Ampligo 150 ZC
MANEJO DE RESISTENCIA.
Ampligo/Ampligo 150 ZC contiene un insecticida del grupo 3 de la clase química piretroides (lambdacyalotrina)
y un insecticida del grupo 28 de la clase química de las diamidas antranílicas
(clorantraniliprol).
Para mantener la susceptibilidad de los insectos a estos grupos químicos de insecticidas se
recomienda:
•El uso de ventanas de aplicación evita la exposición de generaciones consecutivas de la misma plaga
al mismo modo de acción. Una ventana, sobre el grupo activo 28, es definida como el periodo de
actividad residual proveida por una aplicación simple o por aplicaciones consecutivas de un insecticida
del grupo 28. No aplique el mismo producto sobre generaciones consecutivas.
•Seguido de una ventana de aplicación del grupo 3 o del grupo 28 de insecticidas rote a un block de
aplicaciones con productos efectivos de diferente modo de acción antes de usar aplicaciones
adicionales de insecticidas de los grupos 3 y 28.
•El total del periodo de exposición de todas las ventanas aplicadas con el grupo 28 de insecticida a
tráves del ciclo del cultivo, (de la formación de plántulas a la cosecha), no deberá exceder mas del 50%
del ciclo del cultivo.
•Se recomienda utilizar otras prácticas de manejo integrado de plagas, para prevenir o retrasar la
aparición de biotipos resistentes a estos grupos de insecticidas.
Otras prácticas para el manejo de resistencia de insectos incluyen:
•Incorporación de técnicas de manejo integrado de plagas dentro del programa de control de insectos.
•Monitoreo de las poblaciones de insectos para detectar pérdidas de eficacia.
•Utilizar pre mezclas de insecticidas con diferente modo de acción registrados en los cultivos aquí
indicados.
•Visite el sitio del Comité para la Resistencia a Insecticidas (IRAC) en la web: http://www.iraconline.org/.

Syngenta Durivo 300 SC
MANEJO DE RESISTENCIA:
Durivo/ Durivo 300 SC contiene un insecticida del grupo 4A de la clase química neonicotinoide
(tiametoxam) y un insecticida del grupo 28 de la clase química de las diamidas antranílicas
(clorantraniliprol).
Para mantener la susceptibilidad de los insectos a estos grupos químicos de insecticidas se
recomienda:
•El uso de ventanas de aplicación evita la exposición de generaciones consecutivas de la misma
plaga al mismo modo de acción. Una ventana, sobre el grupo activo 28, es definida como el periodo
de actividad residual proveida por una aplicación simple o por aplicaciones consecutivas de un
insecticida del grupo 28. No aplique el mismo producto sobre generaciones consecutivas.
•Seguido de una ventana de aplicación del grupo 4 o del grupo 28 de insecticidas rote a un block de
aplicaciones con productos efectivos de diferente modo de acción antes de usar aplicaciones
adicionales de insecticidas de los grupos 4 y 28.
•El total del periodo de exposición de todas las ventanas aplicadas con el grupo 28 de insecticida a
tráves del ciclo del cultivo, (de la formación de plántulas a la cosecha), no deberá exceder mas del
50% del ciclo del cultivo
•Se recomienda utilizar otras prácticas de manejo integrado de plagas, para prevenir o retrasar la
aparición de biotipos resistentes a estos grupos de insecticidas.
Otras prácticas para el manejo de resistencia de insectos incluyen:
•Incorporación de técnicas de manejo integrado de plagas dentro del programa de control de
insectos.
•Monitoreo de las poblaciones de insectos para detectar pérdidas de eficacia.
•Utilizar pre mezclas de insecticidas con diferente modo de acción registrados en los cultivos aquí
indicados.
•Visite el sitio del Comité para la Resistencia a Insecticidas (IRAC) en la web: http://www.iraconline.org/.

Syngenta Voliam Targo
MANEJO DE RESISTENCIA.
Voliam Targo / Voliam Targo 63 SC/ Voliam Targo 6.02 SC contiene un insecticida del grupo 6
de la clase química glicósido lactone macrocíclico (abamectina) y un insecticida del grupo 28 de
la clase química de las diamidas antranílicas (clorantraniliprol).
Para mantener la susceptibilidad de los insectos a estos grupos químicos de insecticidas
se recomienda:
•El uso de ventanas de aplicación evita la exposición de generaciones consecutivas de la
misma plaga al mismo modo de acción. Una ventana, sobre el grupo activo 28, es definida
como el periodo de actividad residual proveída por una aplicación simple o por aplicaciones
consecutivas de un insecticida del grupo 28. No aplique el mismo producto sobre generaciones
consecutivas.
•Seguido de una ventana de aplicación del grupo 6 o del grupo 28 de insecticidas rote a un
block de aplicaciones con productos efectivos de diferente modo de acción antes de usar
aplicaciones adicionales de insecticidas de los grupos 6 y 28.
•El total del periodo de exposición de todas las ventanas aplicadas con el grupo 28 de
insecticida a través del ciclo del cultivo, (de la formación de plántulas a la cosecha), no deberá
exceder más del 50% del ciclo del cultivo.
•Se recomienda utilizar otras prácticas de manejo integrado de plagas, para prevenir o retrasar
la aparición de biotipos resistentes a estos grupos de insecticidas.
Otras Prácticas para el manejo de resistencia de Insectos incluyen:
•Incorporación de técnicas de manejo integrado de plagas dentro del programa de control de
insectos.
•Monitoreo de las poblaciones de insectos para detectar perdidas de eficacia.
•Utilizar pre mezclas de insecticidas con diferente modo de acción registrados en los cultivos
aquí indicados.
Visite el sitio del Comité para la Resistencia a Insecticidas (IRAC) en la web: http://www.iraconline.org/

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Brazil
Country reviews
158

Brazil Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
1 - Date group was formed:
Feb, 27th, 2009
2 - List of Members
Paulo Aramaki (Syngenta) - paulo.aramaki@syngenta.com
Alexandre Silva (Syngenta) - alexandre.jose@syngenta.com
Amauri Peloia (Syngenta) - amauri.peloia@syngenta.com
Luiz Weber (Bayer) - luiz.weber@bayercropscience.com
Fábio Silva (DuPont) – Fabio-M-Andrade.Silva@bra.dupont.com
Ademilson Villela (DuPont) – Ademilson.Vilella@bra.dupont.com
3 - How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs. audios)
2 F2F will meet again May 2011
4 - What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects the group
has elected to work on initially (2009-2010)?
Tomato (Tuta absoluta and Neoleucinodes elegantalis)
5 - Country Group Update by Crop Market (where are you relative to the
Diamide IRM Country guidelines)
Tomato: include in the label the statement for IRM (statement 3 for
Belt, statement 2 for Ampligo and on going for Premio), phenology
crop with guidance from Global Working Group and create a stamp
to guide the recommendation for IRM (depending on individual
company approval)

Tomato
What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
Flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole
Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide
products.
Belt Ampligo Durivo Voliam Targo Premio
Show IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM
label language or progress being made to achieve harmonization.
(please see annex 1).

Tomato
Share final IRM communication document with written IRM
recommendations tailored for crop market #1. Please share growth
stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing the
recommendations.
See Phenology chart in annex 1
See Stamp in annex 1
Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies
in the market place? Are these recommendations supported by
influencers (consultants, regulators, univ experts)? Provide
examples, if available.
Yes, all companies are recommending using IRAC guidance for
registration and label
Stamp will be included after companies approval Bayer

Risk of resistance
development and actions
1 - Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
N/A
2 - Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and why?
crop, practices
N/A
3 - What actions within your country/crop would have the greatest impact
on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for diamides?
N/A

Annex I
Bayer Belt 480 SC
Belt insecticide has flubendiamide as the active ingredient, which belong
to the Group 28. Aiming to avoid the quick resistance development, avoid to apply
Belt in consecutive generation of the pest or other active ingredient of the same
mode of action. Apply Belt using window of application, recommending rotation with
different mode of action (different group) with known efficacy for the target pest. Use
only the rates recommended in label. Consult an agronomist about recommendation
and IRM. For more information about resistance management, mode of action,
resistance monitoring, please visit the IRAC website (Insecticide Resistance Action
Committee), http://www.irac-online.org.
O inseticida Belt contém o ingrediente ativo flubendiamida, pertencente
ao grupo 28, na classificação de mecanismos de ação de inseticidas do IRAC. No
intuito de evitar um rápido desenvolvimento de resistência, não combater gerações
consecutivas das pragas alvo com o mesmo produto ou produtos com o mesmos
mecanismos de ação. Aplicar Belt usando janelas de acesso, alternando baterias de
tratamentos de Belt com outros inseticidas eficazes com mecanismo de ação
diferente. Utilizar somente as doses recomendadas no rótulo / bula. Sempre
consultar um engenheiro agrônomo para direcionamento sobre as recomendações
locais
para o MRI (Manejo de Resistência a Inseticidas). Para informações adicionais
sobre resistência de insetos, modos de ação e monitoramento de resistência, visite
o site do IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee), http://www.irac-online.org

Syngenta Ampligo 150 ZC
Some pest can develop resistance to certain chemical group of insecticide after over using of
the product. Some degree of resistance cannot forecasted, thus the use of the product
must be in accordance with management strategies for the crop and pest. Syngenta
support action to better use to establish a long life for pest control in accordance with the
label. Ampligo is a mixture of two different active ingredients of the Group 3(Sintethic
Pyrethroids) and Group 28 (Diamides) based on IRAC mode of action. Aiming to keep
susceptible population of the pest which have a potential to develop resistance for both
chemical group, follow:
Apply Ampligo using the application “window” to avoid exposure multiple generation of the
pest to the same mode of action;
After the “window” of the insecticides of the Group 3 and Group 28, is recommended rotation
with another “window” with efficient active ingredient from other Group before to apply
the Group 3 and Group 28 in combination.
The maximum exposure window of the total Group 28 (Diamides) applied in the whole crop
cycle (from planting to harvest) cannot exceed more the 50% of the crop cycle.
Other management practice include:
1) Use other cultural practices
Outras práticas do manejo da resistência de pragas incluem:
Adotar outras táticas de controle, prevista no Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP) como rotação de
culturas, controle biológico, controle por comportamento etc., sempre que disponível e apropriado;
Utilizar as recomendações de dose e modo de aplicação de acordo com a bula do produto;
Sempre consultar um Engenheiro Agrônomo para o direcionamento das principais estratégias
regionais para o manejo de resistência e para a orientação técnica na aplicação de inseticidas;
Informações sobre possíveis casos de resistência em insetos e ácaros devem ser encaminhados para
o IRAC-BR (www.irac-br.org.br), ou para o Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento
(www.agricultura.gov.br).

1ª flores
Tomato Crop Phenology – Fresh Tomato
1ª frutos
1ª colheita
0 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 150 idade (dias)
Group
28
Active
Window
#1
0-30 days
Note.
Tuta absoluta – traça do tomateiro
Neoleucinodes elegantalis – broca pequena do tomateiro
Non-Group
28
Free
Window
#1
31-60 days
Active Window #1
4-30 days
Group
28
Active
Window
#2
60-90 days
Non-Group
28
Free
Window
#2
91-120
days
Non-Group
28
Free
Window
#3
> 120 days
Produtos do Grupo 28
- Belt
- Ampligo
- Voliam Targo
- Durivo
- Premio
* Colocar a logomarca dos produtos
Active Window #2
60-90 days
+ < 50% crop cycle (ideally < 50% of pest cycle)

Proposta de selo para o Grupo 28 – Diamidas – IRAC-BR
3 aplicações
Produtos do Grupo 28
- Belt
- Ampligo
- Voliam Targo
- Durivo
- Premio
• Colocar a logomarca dos produtos
• Colocar ativo e não marcas
30 dias
Grupo 28
Diamidas
Outro
modo
de ação
30 dias
IRAC-BR
Grupo 28
Diamidas
30 dias
Outro
modo
de ação
Grupo 28
Diamidas
30 dias
3 aplicações

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Argentina
Country reviews
167

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Attendees:
Argentina
Diamide Working Group
• Ruben Meoni (Bayer).
• Jorge Morre, (DuPont).
•Daniel Ferreras (Syngenta).
Buenos Aires, November 23th, 2010
We plan for 2011 to prepare a brochure
with our IRM recomendation for group 28
products.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Agenda
Argentina Diamide Working Group
• Read Casafe reccomendation for the Resistance to Group 28.
• Add new labels if there are new submisions.
• Schedule next meeting.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Label Review: Coragen®
Cultivo Plaga Dosis
(ml/Ha)
SOJA
Oruga de las
leguminosas
(Anticarsia
gemmatalis)
Isoca Medidora
(Rachiplusia nu)
Isoca Militar T.
(Spodoptera
frugiperda)
Argentina Diamide Working Group
25 – 30
ml/Ha PC
(5-6 g ia/Ha)
Momento de aplicación
Dosificar de acuerdo al
desarrollo del cultivo y grado
de infestación.
Antes de floración:
Desde 15 orugas > 1,5cm por
metro de surco y más de 20 %
de defoliación.
Desde floración:
Desde 10 orugas >1,5 cm por
metro lineal de surco y más de
10 % de daño al follaje.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Label Review: Voliam Targo
CULTIVO PLAGAS DOSIS
SOJA
Arañuela roja común
(Tetranychus urticae)
Oruga de las leguminosas
(Anticarsia gemmatalis)
Oruga medidora
(Rachiplusia nu)
Trips
(Caliothrips phaseoli)
Argentina Diamide Working Group
70-100 cm 3 /ha
(**)
MOMENTO DE APLICACIÓN Y
RECOMENDACIONES
Aplicar al inicio de infestación,
cuando se encuentren 5 ninfas por
hoja trifoliada. Utilizar con una
incidencia menor al 50 % de hojas
con presencia de la plaga.
Aplicar cuando se encuentren 10
larvas pequeñas por metro lineal.
Recurrir a la dosis mayor con alta
presión de orugas y cuando existe
riesgo de reinfestación.
Respetar las recomendaciones de umbrales de defoliación de cada zona oficiales
En al caso de Trips y Arañuelas aplicar con Aceite mineral Syngenta 500cc/ha.
Aplicar al detectar un promedio de
5 ninfas por folíolo.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Label Review: Ampligo
Argentina Diamide Working Group
CULTIVO PLAGAS DOSIS MOMENTO DE APLICACIÓN
SOJA
Oruga de las leguminosas
(Anticarsia gemmatalis)
Oruga medidora (Rachiplusia nu)
30-40
cm 3 /ha
Aplicar cuando se encuentren 10
larvas pequeñas por metro lineal.
Recurrir a la dosis mayor con alta
presión de orugas y cuando existe
riesgo de reinfestación.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Label Review: Belt (draft)
Argentina Diamide Working Group

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
PRODUCTO
Coragen
Clorantraniliprole
Voliam Targo
Clorantraniliprole+abamectina
Ampligo
Clorantraniliprole+lambdacial
Belt SC
Flubendiamida
Dosis
g G28 ai/ha
min max
Max n°
aplicaciones
5 6 2 12
3.15 4.5 2 9 21
3 4
14,4 28.8
Argentina Diamide Working Group
Label Review: Comparative Analysis soybean.
Completar
Dosis Maxima
por
Temporada
2 8
2 57.6
Intervalo entre
aplicaciones
(días)
PHI
(días)
21 15
15
14 15
21 30

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Rotational Schemes:
Estrategia de “Alternancia de Ventanas” (Versión 1)
Ventana
Activa
(30-40 ds)
Argentina Diamide Working Group
Ventana
Inactiva
(30-40 ds)
Ventana
Activa
(30-40 ds)
V1........................................Vn R1.......................................................R8

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Rotational Schemes:
Estrategia de “Alternancia de Ventanas” (Versión 2)
Ventana
Inactiva
(30-40 ds)
Argentina Diamide Working Group
Ventana
Activa
(30-40 ds)
Ventana
Inactiva
(30-40 ds)
V1........................................Vn R1.......................................................R8

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Text for communications in “labels”
Prevención del Manejo Resistencia
Argentina Diamide Working Group
En cualquier población de insectos pueden existir individuos naturalmente
resistentes a Diamidas antranilicas u otros insecticidas, producto de la variabilidad
genética normal. Estos individuos pueden eventualmente tornarse dominantes en la
población de insectos si se usan repetida y reiteradamente los mismos insecticidas,
reduciendo así sistemáticamente la efectividad de los tratamientos.
Diamidas antranilicas pertenece al Grupo 28 de la clasificación de modos de acción
de insecticidas de IRAC.
GRUPO 28 INSECTICIDA
El uso repetido de Diamidas antranilicas, ya sea solo o en mezclas con otros
principios activos puede favorecer la selección de los individuos naturalmente
resistentes.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Argentina Diamide Working Group
Text for communications in “labels” (cont.)
Para evitar la proliferación de tales biotipos resistentes pueden emplearse
las siguientes estrategias de manejo de resistencia.
� El uso de insecticidas debe realizarse en el contexto de un programa de
Manejo Integrado de Plagas (MIP), contemplando el monitoreo y observancia
de umbrales, control biológico, técnicas de confusión sexual, etc.
� Rotar el uso de Diamidas antranilicas (o cualquier otro producto
perteneciente al Grupo 28 de insecticidas Diamidas antranilicas ) con
productos de diferentes modos de acción para controlar la misma plaga en
generaciones sucesivas.
� No realizar más de 2 aplicaciones de Diamidas antranilicas o cualquier otro
producto del mismo modo de acción (grupo 28 de IRAC) por generación de
una misma plaga. Aplicaciones a la próxima generación, independientemente
del cultivo en que esta ocurra, deben realizarse con un producto de diferente
modo de acción.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Argentina Diamide Working Group
Text for communications in “labels” (cont.)
� Cuando no sea posible determinar las generaciones de las plagas con
precisión, no realizar más de 2 aplicaciones en un período de 30-40 días
(ventana activa). En las aplicación siguientes a ese período rotar con
productos de diferente modo de acción (ventana inactiva).
� Contactar los organismos técnicos especializados (INTA) y de extensión
locales de cada zona.
� Información adicional sobre prevención de resistencias a insecticidas en
insectos puede encontrarse en www.irac-online.org (Comité de Acción sobre
Resistencias a Insecticidas)

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Text for communications in “labels” (cont.)
Discuss new crops to be registered:
Dupont: Soja 2 ampliaciones (Helicoverpa gelotopoeon y Pseudoplusia)
Girasol: Rachiplusia nu.
Maiz: Spodoptera.
Tomate?
Syngenta: Tomate. Mosca Blanca y Tuta.
Colza: Plutella.
Mani:
Algodón: Alabama y Heliothis.
Bayer: Soja: Rachiplusia y Anticarsia.
Tabaco: Agrotis y Heliothis
Poroto: Pseudolusia y Rachiplusia
Argentina Diamide Working Group

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Ressitance recomendation. Casafe.
Argentina Diamide Working Group
En Argentina está formado el Grupo IRAC referido al grupo Diamidas (grupo 28)
que tiene como objetivo prevenir y demorar la aparición de resistencia a esta
familia de insecticidas, para mantenerlo en el tiempo como una efectiva
herramienta de control de plagas.
Las empresas participantes trabajan en el desarrollo de una guía de uso que
facilite el cumplimiento de los objetivos del Grupo IRAC, promoviendo la
implementación de programas de control integrados de plagas analizando el
riesgo de resistencia, alineando las recomendaciones de uso y desarrollando
programas de control para los cultivos involucrados en el registro y uso de esta
familia de insecticidas.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Pendiente:
Armar folleto para próxima reunión. Consensuar entre las empresas y luego enviar
a externos. Tenerlo listo para la próxima reunión.
Daniel Ferreras enviara propuesta.
Argentina Diamide Working Group

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Pathforwards
� Meetings schedule
� 2009 meetings:
� Feb 27, Syngenta Offices √
� May 5, 2009 Bayer Office √
� Nov 25, 2009 DuPont Office √
� 2010 meeting dates and locations
� May 27, 2010 (face to face meeting with ext. consultants) √
� Nov 23, 2010 Syngenta Offices √
�2011 meeting dates and locations.
� May 27, 2011
� Nov 21, 2011
� Committee President for 2011:
� Bayer (Meoni Ruben).
Argentina Diamide Working Group

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� USA
Country reviews
184

2011 International IRAC Meeting
Brussels Belgium
March 28
Diamide WG Country Reports
USA

USA Diamide WG Update
1. Date group was formed: 2009
2. List of Members:
Major Milestones
# Country Name Company Email
1
3 USA
Caydee
Savinelli Syngenta
caydee.savinelli@syngenta.c
om
1
3 USA Ralph Bagwell Bayer ralph.bagwell@bayer.com
1
3 USA Dan Sherrod DuPont
1
3 USA James Adams
Target crops: brassicae, lettuce, tomato,
cucs, apples
Daniel.W.Sherrod@USA.dup
ont.com
Nichino
America jadams@nichino.net
Global
Liaison
John
Andaloro

USA Diamide WG Update
Major Milestones
3. How many meetings has the group had to date (F2F vs. audios)
- Numerous audios in 2010 to plan Diamide IRM workshop at ESA mtg - San Diego
- F2F in San Diego at ESA meeting with 12 Univ experts and 12 company reps to
initiate plan for experts to develop regional Diamide IRM strategies
4. What are the prioritized crop markets and high risk insects the
group has elected to work on initially:
- BAW - leafy veg/fruiting veg
- DBM – crucifers
- FAW – sweet corn
5. Country Group Update by Crop Market (relative to the Diamide IRM
Country guidelines):
- Step VII: Plan to Develop IRM Guidelines by Crop

IRM Strategies for: Lettuce, Crucifers, Sweet Corn - USA
1. What diamide active ingredients are already registered?
- Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide
2. Share electronic versions of labels for currently available diamide products. Show
IRM language for each of the labels, review harmonization of IRM label language or
progress being made to achieve harmonization.
- Need all solo and premix product labels
- Coragen®, Belt®, Synapse®, Vetica®, Turismo®, Durivo®, Voliam Flexi®, Voliam
Xpress®
3. Share final IRM communication document with written IRM recommendations tailored
for Lettuce. Please share growth stage diagrams (crop and pest phenology) showing
the recommendations.
- see following pages for draft examples of different IRM strategies
4. Are these recommendations being promoted by all member companies in the market
place? Are these recommendations supported by influencers (consultants,
regulators, univ experts)? Provide examples, if available.
- These strategies have not yet been completed. They are in the final stages of review
but still require additional editing and alignment from committee and expert
members.

Risk of resistance development and actions
1. Has any reduction of diamide efficacy been observed?
- none reported nor obvious
2. Where do you see the major risk of resistance development and
why? crop, practices?
- DBM in SE US where growers traditionally disregard IRM; grow crucifer
crops continuously
- FAW in SE US where there is heavy insect pressure in Spring and Fall and
large number of applications are made
- BAW in SW US on leafy vegetables where multiple plantings/year occur,
diamides are used on adjoining crops (alfalfa, cotton, melons), and with an
insect (BAW) that has shown wide variation in response to diamide
baseline testing.
3. What actions within your country/market would have the greatest
impact on encouraging growers to adopt IRM practices for
diamides?
- strong leadership from local extension influencers and experts
- practical IRM strategies that can easily be implemented on a large scale
- alignment and common communication of IRM strategies among field reps
from all 4 chemical companies

2011 US Diamide Company
IRM Label Statements

Guideline
USA Diamide Label Comparison
(Brassica-DBM and Lettuce-BAW)
Group 28 Icon (first page) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Group 28 Description in text Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Chemical class identified (ex. diamide) Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes
IRM Language Section Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Max ai/season = chlorantraniliprole or
flubendiamide-containing products*
Max number of
apps/season*
Brassica (DBM) =
Lettuce BAW) =
Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes
4 DBM ----- 2 DBM 2 DBM ---- 1 DBM 3-5 DBM 2-3 DBM
4 BAW ----- 3-4 BAW 3 BAW ---- 1 BAW 3-5 BAW 2-3 BAW
Max number of apps or ai/year* 6DBM No No No No No No No
Do not treat season-long Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Apply MOA using window approach Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes
Explanation of window Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes
Window approach for short-season
multiple cropping
No No No No No No No No
Do not expose >50% of crop No No No No No Yes No No
* Not a Global Diamide Guideline

Coragen®

Belt®

Synapse®

Toursimo®

Vetica®

Durivo®

Voliam Xpress

Voliam Flexi®

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
US Regional Univ Expert Diamide
IRM Draft Recommends
Group 28 – Diamide Insecticides
RM Recommendations
University of Arizona
Southeast U.S. Universities
University of Hawaii
Bayer, DuPont, Nichino, Syngenta

Diamondback Moth in Hawaii
Insecticide Resistance
Management
Ronald Mau
Emeritus Professor
University of Hawaii
maur@ctahr.hawaii.edu
Up to 52 (back to
back) crops / year
No fallow (non-crop)
periods on most
farms
ET‟s are surpassed
almost every week

DBM Resistance in Hawaii
• Organochlorine
• Organophosphate
• Carbamate
• Synthetic pyrethroids
• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Spinosad/Spinetoram
• Indoxacarb
• Novaluron

Farms at Kula, Maui
Shared DBM Population

Effect of strip cropping and
adjacent farms on DBM population.
Spray here Even if you are only treating one
field, you are exposing the DBM
population to the pesticide.
Diamondback moth population
Field1 Field 2 Field 3 Field 4 Field 5
Possibility for exposure to every generation all year long

Roots of Hawaii RM Program
• Inability to control DBM 1996-1999
• Rapid selection of R to spinosad in 2000
• Dow AgroSciences & IRAC support to
develop a program

Resistance Management Program
• IPM practices
• Dose mortality assay of introduced DBM
products
– Lowest calculated 100% kill dose by probit
analysis
• Rotation by IRAC classes
– Label determines crop & annual number of
applications
• Month-long windows
– Highly effective class products alternated with

Veg Agent
Oahu
Hawaii DBM RM-Team
Farmer
Groups
AgChem
Sales
Veg Agent
Maui
Ext Entomologist
Grad Student
Manufacturer
Tech and Sales Reps
Farmer
Groups
Veg Agent
Hawaii
AgChem
Sales

DBM pupae (week prior to full moon)
Overnight shipment to lab
Collect eggs on paper towels
Coordinate assay date
Hatch on and rear on rape plant
Extension agent performs leaf dip
assay (2L) and reports results

Leaf Dip Assay
Low Kula (F1) discriminating dose bioassay
8/10/2010
IRAC# Brand name Chemical DD (PPM)
28 Synapse Flubendiamide 1.68
5 Radiant Spinosyn 1.08
15 Rimon Novaluron 75
22 Avaunt Indoxacarb 50
6 Proclaim Emamectin
benzoate
Check water
1

Rotation Partners
• (6) Emamectin benzoate
• (28) fendiamide/
chlorantraniliprole
• (23) Spirotetramat
• (5) Spinosad/ spinetoram
• (15) Novaluron
• (22) Indoxacarb
• (11) B. thuringiensis
– kurstaki
– Aizawai
• (2A) Endosulfan
• (1B) naled
• (1A) methomyl

Hawaii Island
2009 2010 2011 Formulations
Group 5 2 3 2 Radiant, Success, Entrust
Group 22A 3 2 2 Avaunt
Group 15 2 2 2 Rimon
Group 6 3 2 2 Proclaim
Group 28 2 3 3 Synapse, Coragen, Vetica
Group4A 0 0 1 Venom

Maui 2010
Month
Product IRAC Code
January Rimon 15
February Bt, Radiant, Entrust 11 & 5
March Synapse, Coragen, Vetica,
Volium Express,
April Avaunt, Movento 22A, 23
May Proclaim 6
June Rimon, Thionex, Lannate,
Naled, Movento
July Bt, Radiant 11 & 5
August Synapse, Coragen, Vetica,
Volium Express,
September Avaunt, Bt 22A, 11
October Proclaim 6
November Rimon, Movento 15, 23
December Bt, Radiant, Entrust 11, 5
28
15, 2A, 1A, 1B, 23
28

Summary
• Active partnerships are needed
• Plan for resistance to new products
– Establish baseline toxicity to DBM for each new
product/ group
– Detection of increases in tolerance can possibly allow
for remediation
• Regional-based IRM Windows
• Population assay to monitor changes
• Product stewardship by ALL growers
– Follow the product labels

Change from Complete Coverage
To
High Concentration and Coverage
(max 60 GPA)

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - General
University of Arizona
215

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Insecticide
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - General
University of Arizona
IRAC
MOA
Radiant 5
Proclaim 6
Intrepid 18
Avaunt 22A
Coragen 28
Durivo 28+4A
Voliam Xpress 28+3
Voliam Flexi 28+4A
Synapse 28
Vetica 28+16
Lannate 1A
Orthene 1B
Endosulfan 2A
Pyrethroids 3
Bt 11B
UA IPM Guidelines for Lep Management in Leafy Vegetables
Soil –
at
plant
Alternatives for Lep Larvae Control by Crop Stages
Stand
establishment
Coty-
1 leaf
2-4
leaf
5-8
leaf
Thinning to Heading
9-15
leaf
15-20
leaf
*** Minimum of 4 effective MOA Effectives at any crop stage
Pre -
head
Heading to Harvest
Early
heading
2-4" head
4-6"
head
216

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - General
University of Arizona
� Apply insecticides only when needed. Time insecticide applications based
on UA recommended action thresholds (http://ag.arizona.edu/crop/) .
� Ideally, the management strategy that presents the lowest risk to
insecticide resistance is one where consecutive applications of the same
product/MOA are not made in the same lettuce field.
� This can be achieved by rotating to an alternative product/MOA on each
subsequent spray application to eliminate consecutive uses of the same
MOA (see examples in Figure 3-5 below). Whenever possible, consider
using any single product/MOA only once per lettuce field per crop season.
� In lettuce fields where a product/MOA is required more than once, limit
the total usage of that product/MOA to 2 applications per field per crop
season. (i.e., no more than 2 uses of any IRAC MOA or insecticide with the
same color code), and avoid using it on consecutive applications.
4

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - General
University of Arizona
� Use only recommended products and rates necessary to accomplish
desired control (Fig 1 and 2).
� Do not apply any active ingredient below labeled rates as this may result in
poor product performance, unacceptable insect damage and an increased
risk of resistance.
� Apply insecticides by directed ground sprays to optimize spray deposition
and coverage whenever possible.
� Do not apply tank-mixtures containing 2 or more of the newer chemistries
(IRAC Groups - 5, 6, 18, 22 and 28) when controlling lepidopterous larvae.
Not only is this expensive, but generally not necessary based on past
performance trials (Fig 1).
5

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - Diamide
University of Arizona
� The Diamide products (IRAC Group 28) offer flexibility in application; they can be
applied to plant foliage translaminarly through foliar sprays, or systemically via soil
applications.
� If a Diamide product is applied as a foliar spray, consider using this MOA only once
per lettuce field per crop season. If a Diamide spray is required more than once,
limit the total usage to 2 foliar spray per field and do not use them in consecutive
applications (Figure 3).
� Do not apply a foliar Diamide spray prior to or following the use of a soil application
of chlorantraniliprole (Figure 4 and 5).
� If a Diamide product is soil applied prior-to or at-planting, as an in-furrow spray or
shank injection, do not spray a Diamide product on that crop at any time during
the remainder of the crop season (Figure 4).
� If a Diamide product (IRAC Group 28) is applied as a post-emergence treatment
through drip irrigation, do not spray any Diamide products on that crop prior to the
Diamide chemigation, or at any time thereafter during the crop season. (Figure 5)
6

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - Diamide
University of Arizona
� Do not apply more than 1 application of a Diamide product to the soil regardless if
chemigated through drip irrigation or soil applied at planting. If additional beet
armyworm control is needed during the crop season, use a non-Diamide foliar
alternative. See Figures 1 and 2 for alternatives products/MOA.
� Consider using an adjuvant with foliar Diamide applications to assist in spray
atomization and penetration, and to provide uniform deposition of spray droplets
on foliage; this is particularly important in cole crops.
� In areas where alfalfa is grown in proximity to lettuce, do not apply any Diamide
product (Coragen, Voliam Xpress) in alfalfa at any time.
� In areas where cotton is grown in proximity to lettuce, do not apply any Diamide
product (Coragen) in cotton at any time.
� Do not use any Diamide product (soil or foliar) on nursery grown plants destined for
field transplanting.
7

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Figure 4
Figure 3
Beet Armyworm – Lettuce - Diamide
University of Arizona
Figure 5
221

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Use good IPM practices to minimize reliance on insecticides.
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
� Use of all efficacious insecticide groups with differing modes of action (MOAs) in a
rotation program is strongly encouraged. Where possible, consider using any single
MOA only once per crop season.
� Do not rely on Group 28 insecticides for season long protection in any crop. Foliar
applications should use proper rotations of MOAs as discussed below. If a single soil
application of a systemic Group 28 insecticide provides control for more than half of
the crop cycle, do not use Group 28 insecticides in the subsequent crop (rotation of
insecticides between crop cycles).
� Use of pre-mixed insecticides, or tank mixtures, should be limited to situations
where both insecticide active ingredients are needed. Do not apply multiple
insecticide active ingredients, with multiple MOAs, unless the pest complex present
(or anticipated) makes this necessary. When this does occur, resistance
management and insecticide rotations must account for both MOAs. Use of either
MOA in one generation or use window would restrict use of tank mixes or pre-mixes
in the next generation or use window. Use of a tank mix or pre-mix would restrict
use of both MOAs, singly or in combination, in the successive generation or use
window.
9

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Soil applications:
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
� Limit use of systemic soil applications of Group 28 insecticides to a single
application per season, irrespective of crop or target pest(s).
� If a soil application of a systemic Group 28 insecticide is used, do not use foliar
applications of Group 28 insecticides in the same crop, either before or after the
soil application. This is of particular importance in short season crops (less than 60
days).
� In longer season crops (greater than 60 days), with pests of moderate to low
resistance potential (e.g. corn earworm), use of a soil application may be followed
by foliar applications later in the crop cycle. However, soil applications of Group 28
insecticides should be followed by at least two applications of effective insecticides
with alternative MOAs after the residual control of the soil application has
diminished. It is strongly preferred that adequate time is allowed after residual
control of the soil application has diminished to allow for at least one generation of
the targeted pest before foliar applications of Group 28 insecticides are used (thus,
assuming a soil application lasts 30 days and the insect has a 28 day generation
time, 58 days should pass between the soil application and the first foliar
application).
10

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Foliar applications and insecticide rotations:
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
� Where permitted by the label, consider using an adjuvant with foliar Group 28
applications to assist in spray deposition and penetration.
� Rotation of foliar applications should use all effective insecticide groups with
different MOAs. Preferred rotation plans base the timing of rotations on the life
cycle or generation time of the pest. Where distinct generations do not occur, the
generation time should be used for rotation timing (length of use windows are equal
to the generation time of the pest of concern). Insecticides with similar MOAs
should not be used on successive generations (or within successive use windows).
Within a generation (or use window), a single MOA should not be used more than
twice (preferably once) and should not be used during the next generation (or use
window).
11

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Foliar applications and insecticide rotations:
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
� No more than two (preferably one) Group 28 use windows should be used within a
crop. This may consist of a soil use followed by foliar use (in long season crops), or
two foliar use windows. Non-use windows should be the length of residual control
PLUS the generation time of the pest. The Group 28 use windows should be
separated by at least one generation/window of alternate MOA use. If insecticide
use is not required during a non-Group 28 window (between two Group 28 use
windows) then alternative MOAs should still be used prior to Group 28 use
(irrespective of time frame, two Group 28 use windows should be separated by use
of efficacious alternate MOA insecticides).
� (I cannot think of a case where this applies to vegetable production in the
southeast, but I had the thought and wanted to write it down). If targeting a pest
with distinct generations, successive generations should not be exposed to selection
by a Group 28 insecticide. This includes residual control. Thus, use during a
generation should occur early enough within that generation to allow for residual
control to decline prior to the subsequent generation.
12

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
EXAMPLES (assumes a 30 day residual for soil application and a 30 day pest generation time; actual timing should be adjusted for actua l residual
control and generation time of the specific pest).
Short season crop – single pest – generation time of 30 days (overlapping generations):
Crop cycle (days since planting) Notes
0-10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50
Option I - Soil app at
Soil Group-28
G-28 not allowed Group 28 not allowed in next crop if
planting
(30 days of residual control)
sequentially planted
Option 2 – Soil app
G-28 not allowed Soil G-28 applied day 20
delayed
(30 days of residual control)
Option 3 – foliar app Maximum of 2 apps of G-28 during a 30 day
If Group 28 is used at the end of the
window (window may occur at any time in the
season, subsequent sequentially planted
season)
crops should extend non-use to 30 days.
Note: Soil and foliar applications should NOT be combined in short season crops.
226

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
EXAMPLES (assumes a 30 day residual for soil application and a 30 day pest generation time; actual timing should be adjusted for actua l residual
control and generation time of the specific pest).
90 day crop – single pest – generation time of 30 days (overlapping generations)
Option 1 – soil app
at planting
Crop cycle (days since planting)
0 – 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 – 70 70 - 80 80 - 90
Soil G-28 at planting One generation of no G-28 Maximum of 2 G-28 foliar
(30 days residual control) Use alternate MOAs
apps
If insecticide use is not required during the alternate
window then alternate MOAs should be used first in
second G-28 window.
Option 2 – soil app No G-28s Soil G-28 applied day 20
No – G-28s Foliar
delayed
(30 days residual control)
G-28
With soil applications, first foliar applications are not allowed until roughly 60 days after soil application (assumes
30 days residual control + 30 days for non-selected generation). An alternative MOA must be used prior to foliar
application of a Group 28 insecticide.
Option 3 – foliar app Max of 2 G-28 apps. One generation of no G-28 Max of 2 G-28 apps.
Early use
(residual gone by day 30) Use alternate MOAs
If Group 28 is used at the end of the season, subsequent sequentially planted crops should
extend non-use to 30 days.
Option 4 – foliar app
Delayed use
No G-
28 use
Max of 2 G-28 apps.
(residual gone by day 40)
One generation of no G-28
Use alternate MOAs
Max of 2 G-28
apps.
G-28 use windows can be
shifted, but must be
separated by a full
generation time after
residual control has
declined and must include
alternative MOA use.
227

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
EXAMPLES (assumes a 30 day residual for soil application and a 30 day pest generation time; actual timing should be adjusted for actua l residual
control and generation time of the specific pest).
90 day crop – single pest – generation time of 30 days (overlapping generations)
Option 1 – soil app
at planting
Crop cycle (days since planting)
0 – 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 – 70 70 - 80 80 - 90
Soil G-28 at planting One generation of no G-28 Maximum of 2 G-28 foliar
(30 days residual control) Use alternate MOAs
apps
If insecticide use is not required during the alternate
window then alternate MOAs should be used first in
second G-28 window.
Option 2 – soil app No G-28s Soil G-28 applied day 20
No – G-28s Foliar
delayed
(30 days residual control)
G-28
With soil applications, first foliar applications are not allowed until roughly 60 days after soil application (assumes
30 days residual control + 30 days for non-selected generation). An alternative MOA must be used prior to foliar
application of a Group 28 insecticide.
Option 3 – foliar app Max of 2 G-28 apps. One generation of no G-28 Max of 2 G-28 apps.
Early use
(residual gone by day 30) Use alternate MOAs
If Group 28 is used at the end of the season, subsequent sequentially planted crops should
extend non-use to 30 days.
Option 4 – foliar app No G- Max of 2 G-28 apps.
One generation of no G-28 Max of 2 G-28
Delayed use
28 use (residual gone by day 40) Use alternate MOAs apps.
G-28 use windows can be
shifted, but must be
separated by a full
generation time after
residual control has
declined and must include
alternative MOA use.
If the pest of concern has distinct generations, then the use windows are defined by the generation. Thus, with distinct generations, use
windows can NOT be shifted within the crop cycle. Use within a generation should be timed for residual control to decline prior to the next
generation.
228

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Short season crop – sequential plantings – potential “area-wide” rotations: (xxx = crop present)
Southeast U.S. Universities
Vegetables
Field Days after planting Field 1
0-10 10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- 70- 80- 90- 100- 110- 120- 130- 140- 150- 160- 170- 180-
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
1 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
2 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
3 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
4 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
5 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
6 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
7 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
8 xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
Pre-selected calendar window for soil application
R-1 G-28 anytime No G-28 G-28 anytime No G-28
R-2 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28
R -3 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28
Calendar windows for foliar applications
R-4 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28
R-5 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28 G-28 No G-28 G-28
R-1 allows soil applications for 30 days followed by none for the 30 days of residual plus 30 days of non-selection (60 days between applications)
R-2 allows soil application first 10 days followed by none for the 30 days of residual plus 30 days of non-selection
R-3 potential grower adjustment of R-2
R-4 allows G-28 use for 20 days (20 days use + 10 days residual= 30 days activity) followed by 40 days non-use (10 days residual + 30 days nonselection)
R-5 potential grower modification showing use within 10 days (could be 2 applications) followed by 40 days non-use (10 days residual + 30 days
non-selection)
229

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Key Considerations
– Advisory statements
Company Labels
RM Language
• Language reflects advice and not something the States have to
enforce
– General Recommendations – One size does not fit all
230

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Company Labels
RM Language
� Unless directed otherwise in other parts of the label, the best practices are
� In order to maintain susceptibility…
– Avoid using a single MOA for season long control of an insect species with
more than one generation per crop season.
– Use a window treatment rotation for insect species with multiple or
overlapping generations
– • For insect species with successive or overlapping generations, apply
Product X or other Group X insecticides using a “treatment window”
approach. A treatment window is a period of time as defined by the stage
of crop development and/or the biology of the pests of concern. Within
the treatment window, depending on the length of residual activity, there
may either be single or consecutive applications (seed treatment, soil,
foliar) of the Group X insecticides. Do not exceed the maximum Product x
allowed per growing season.
231

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Company Labels
RM Language
� Following a treatment window of Group X insecticides, rotate to a treatment
window of effective products with a different mode of action before making
additional applications of Group X insecticides.
� A treatment window rotation, along with other IPM practices for the crop and
use area, is considered an effective strategy for preventing or delaying a
pest’s ability to develop resistance to this class of chemistry.
� If resistance is suspected, do not reapply Product X or other Group X
insecticides.
� Other IRM Practices
– Incorporate IPM techniques
– Combine different control mechanisms.
– Monitor treated populations
� Additional Information
– Consult local specialist
– Visit IRAC website
232

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
� Spain
Country reviews
233

DIAMIDES SPAIN , March 2010
Fenos (flubendiamida 24WG) and Alatcor (Clorantraniliprol 35WG)
Registration in 2010.
Many crops without diamide registration until now. Reg. in process.
Only overlap in solanaceous/ indoor
Ornamental FRUIT VEGS
INDOOR OUTDOOT
Ornamental Solanaceus Cucurbits Others Solanaceus Cucurbits Others
Fenos 15-25 mL/hL 15-25 mL/hL 15-25 mL/hL 15-25 mL/hL
Altacor 10-11,5 mL/hL 10-11,5 mL/hL
LEAF VEGS GRAPE
OUTDOOT
Orchads
Lettuce Brassicas Table g. wine Pome fr. Stone fr.
Fenos
Altacor 85-115 g/ha 10 mL/hL
Spain

DIAMIDES SPAIN , March 2010
• Recommendation in the label:
Maximum 2 active windows (1 or 2 back to
back applications) per crop cycle.
Minimum interval between group 28
applications: 60 days
This recommendation is already in both
labels of Fenos and Altacor
Spain

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Process to Review, Edit, and
Approve Country IRM Proposals
239

Process to Review, Edit, Approve Country IRM
Strategy Communication Proposals
1. Country mentor submits country IRM communication strategy complete with
phenology chart and rotation IRM plan to the Global Diamide Team
2. The IRAC Global Diamide Team will review and make suggestions. (recommend
additional slides to help influencers better understand….see slides 42 to 47 to add
to your communication) presentation/promotion.
3. Once a final draft is agree… send to IRAC Executive team to approve. THIS IS
CRITICAL...then your strategy will get approval from all the other insecticide
companies beyond those selling Diamides. This means that when you
communicate the Indonesia Diamide Strategy, you can say it is not just from
DuPont, Syngenta, Nihon, and Bayer but from all the companies in International
IRAC (Dow, BASF, FMC, Cheminova...etc.)
4. Mentor sends final version to Country Diamide team.
5. Country mentor follow sup with development of a training plan. How, when, and
who will communicate to influencers and trainers? Send the plan developed by the
Philippines team. This gives a perspective on how to take the next step.
Remember that all our company sales and dev reps are influencers/trainers.

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Diamide WG: issues, company
objectives and WG accomplishments
241

Preserving Diamide Chemistry:
One Market at a Time
Update on Issues, Efforts, and
Recommendations to Delay Insect
Resistance to Diamide Products
(Ryanodine Receptor agonists)
Global IRAC Diamide IRM Working Group
March 2011
JTA 3-15-2011

Preserving Diamide Chemistry:
ISSUES
One Market at a Time

Issues:
Preserving Diamide Chemistry
Flubendiamide sold years before other
diamides were in the market In Thailand and
Philippines.
IRM implementation is at the country market
level….not at the global level
Cooperation, motivation, and resistance issues
vary significantly among Intercompany country
diamide teams.
Success is unlikely in markets were there are
only marginally effective products as rotation
partners; fro example, Thailand and
Philippines, where diamide resistant DBM
occur.
Explanation:
No coordinated IRM effort among diamide companies
prior to initial sales of flubendiamide. Although Global
Diamide Team was started in late 2008 it was not
early enough too be effective for countries with early
registrations.
The global diamide working group was initiated in
2008 and took most of the year to develop global
strategies and a plan to use country teams for
implementation. The result….some country diamide
working groups started in 2009 and others in 2010
and need more time to be productive.
Progress has been slow for some country teams to
incorporate global guidelines into practical strategies
for local high-risk markets due to lack of: leadership,
commitment, understanding expectations, and support
from management.
Highly improbable an IRM program can be
implemented, in a reasonable time frame, where
growers with few options are desperate. Success can
be achieved with drastic changes in cropping patterns
requiring time and resources, thus can not be a focus
for diamide companies

Issues:
Preserving Diamide Chemistry; cont‟d
There is no restriction on # of total diamide
apps per cropping season nor per year.
Utilizing regulatory strategies to steward
diamides is slow if label changes are made
post-registration and if country label
language/format rules are not amenable to
objectives of diamide teams
Insufficient time to mobilize troops and
implement plans for a task of this magnitude in
the time needed. Should have started sooner.
Explanation:
In some key markets growers can legally make over
eight applications of different diamide products per
cropping season. Growers don‟t know the products
represent the same chemistry, use reduced rates for
affordability, and have no incentive to rotate.
Continuous monoculture is the most challenging and
where resistance first occurs.
Definitive common IRM label language had been in
transition throughout 2009 and is only in 2010 where
alignment has been made. Existing DuPont and
Bayer labels take time to edit once registration has
occurred. Some EU countries require two years.
Some countries do not allow the “Group 28” icon.
An effort of this proportion with the number of players
has not ever been conducted before. Significant time
and effort is necessary to change behaviors, attitudes,
beliefs, habits, labels, regulatory procedures,
competitive relationships. Only the naïve will believe
this can be done in a few years.

Preserving Diamide Chemistry:
One Market at a Time
COMPANY OBJECTIVES

Preserving Diamide Chemistry – Possible
Options Available for Intercompany
Cooperation
1.Diamide companies align their labeled
directions for use:
- Work as an industry to add Group 28 MOA icon and IRM
language to country labels. Where necessary, change
conventional thinking of regulators to allow these label additions.
- Change diamide label language that stipulates max number of
applications per season to read as “chlorantraniliprole or
flubendiamide-containing products” and eventually to read as
“Group 28 applications” vs individual product applications.
- For continuously planted crops label a max number of Group
28 applications per crop per year.

Preserving Diamide Chemistry – Possible
Options Available for Intercompany
Cooperation
2. Global and country company
management need to convey support to
their respective team members:
- Participation and time spent on country diamide teams was
not planned. It was thrust upon country personnel.
- Management needs to express level of urgency, and commit
resources to develop and implement strategies.
- Diamide company management need to communicate a
common message to country team members….this is an
industry priority!

Preserving Diamide Chemistry – Possible Options
Available for Intercompany Cooperation
3. Identify and support actions that will accelerate the progress of
country diamide teams to develop market-specific diamide IRM
strategies, create appropriate communications, conduct internal
and external training, convert influencers and decision makers:
- Time and guidance is required from global company experts
(Global Diamide WG) to guide and train key country diamide
teams to better understand their roles.
- Resources are required at the local level to develop training
materials for knowledge transfer, recruit and gain alignment
from local experts, and educate the distribution channel.

Preserving Diamide Chemistry:
One Market at a Time
DIAMIDE IRM WG
ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Preserving Diamide Chemistry –
Status of Global and Country Diamide Efforts
• Global Diamide Team:
– Initiated IRAC Working Group in 2008 and
have had 26 meetings.
– Published Global Diamide IRM guidelines –
2008-09
– Initiated 17 country diamide teams focused on
transition of global diamide IRM strategies to
key local markets at risk to insect resistance –
2009-2011
– Developed a plan for addressing suspected

Preserving Diamide Chemistry –
Status of Global and Country Diamide Efforts; cont‟d
• Country Diamide Teams:
– Argentina, Spain published IRM recommendations and in process of
implementing these actions.
– Philippines and India ready to publish IRM recommendations for key
markets and initiate knowledge transfer process.
– Philippines WG acquired $24,000 form IRAC international to conduct indepth
training sessions for influencers (trainers) and growers.
– USA aligning and guiding market experts to implement IRM strategies
through national workshops. IRM recommends for different regions are
in draft form.
– China, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia, Malaysia, Brazil, Korea, Vietnam,
Mexico, and Japan in various stages of understanding and progress
– India, Philippines, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia, Spain, and
USA have received face to face or very personal training from global
members in 2010.
– Italy, Morocco, and Turkey working groups about to be initiated.

Benefits of Maintaining Insect Susceptibility
to Diamides
1). Increased Product Longevity:
- more effective products are available for a longer period of time
- growers have more pest control options; increased flexibility in product
selection
2). Growers Save Money:
- no need to increase dosage increased to maintain efficacy
- no need to tank mix to control pests
3). More Stable Crop Production:
- better assurance of good pest control
- expect more consistent crop protection and stable yields
4). Protection of the Environment:
- less active ingredient applied to ecosystem
- more control over spray program and products used; not in survival mode

IRAC Diamide Guidelines To Maintain Insect Susceptibility
1. Avoid repeated and exclusive use of Group 28 insecticides throughout a crop
cycle for a pest species with more than one generation. The “Ideal” is not to
expose successive pest generations of the same species to the same
insecticide mode of action.
2. Position Group 28 Insecticides in Integrated Pest Management and Insecticide
Resistance Management Programs
3. Ensure correct use of the Group 28 Insecticide Label. Do not over or under
dose.
4. Apply Group 28 Insecticides using a “window‟ approach to avoid exposure of
consecutive pest generations to the same mode of action.
- Window approach emphasizes a 4 week diamide free window for eggplant and 3 week
diamide free window for cabbage
5. For short cycle crops (< 50 days), consider the duration of the crop cycle as a
“Group 28 insecticide treatment window”, thus alternate to different modes of
action during subsequent plantings at the same farm location.
6. Do not expose more than 50% of the crop cycle to the same MOA group.
7. Avoid use of Group 28 Insecticides in insecticide mixtures for the same pest

IRAC Executive
Member Companies

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Diamide WG: SMART objectives
2011 / 2012
256

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Goals Objectives Timeline
I. WG operational process
II. Promote Global Guidelines
a) Updates: how the group will operate
and how work load will be shared
b) Re-define supporting role for
effective progress in country
implementation
a) Continue to develop communications
and educational materials as needed
b) Update Global Guidelines and
continue to use this document as a
reference for development of locally
tailored susceptibility management
programs
c) Continue to create public awareness
of the mission of the Global IRAC
Diamide WG amongst consultants,
PCAs, growers, and regulators
2010 SMART
Objectives and Goals
May 2010
Throughout 2010
Events?
June 2010
Throughout 2010

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Goals Objectives Timeline
III. Serve as
resources
(Liaisons) for
country working
groups, promote
progress in
developing, refining
and promoting local
IRM guidelines for
30 prioritized crop
markets
a) Continue to expand creation of country working
groups (high risk markets) as needed, help guide
how the group will operate and how work load will
be shared
b) Guide teams on label reviews and incorporation
of proposed standardized IRM language
(inclusion of window concept)
c) Promote development and publication of IRM
Fact Sheets by for specific pests and crops
d) Support development of communication and
educational materials: slide presentations,
posters, brochures, handouts
e) Support local efforts to expand public awareness
of the mission of the country IRAC Diamide WG
amongst consultants, PCAs, growers, and
regulators
f) Select one “case study” country: more active role
2010 SMART
Objectives and Goals
Throughout
2010

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Goals Objectives Timeline
IV. Publish
standardized
bioassay
methodology
for Group 28
insecticides
V. Agree on
points of
common
interest and
how to
maximize
use of
resources
(budget/
priorities)
a) Continue to develop and publish IRAC-approved bioassay
methods for key insect target species in the order Lepidoptera,
(Tuta absoluta, rice stemborers, rice leaf folders), and
Coleoptera (CPB)
b) Established IRAC-approved bioassay methods for priority
insect target species in order Hemiptera (whiteflies and aphis –
Cyantraniliprole)
c) These methods will be published as IRAC-recommended
methods to be used by the local country WGs
a) Example: Pooled funding for cross-resistance risk assessment
and resistance mechanistic research (Thailand Plutella
xylostella)
b) Example: pooled funding for research to further validate
“window” approach – combine efforts with Lepidopteran WG.
IRAC sponsored project …..LEP WG
c) Educational Efforts …. IRAC
2010 SMART
Objectives and Goals
August-
December
2010
December
2010

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Goals Objectives Timeline
VI. Development of
Educational and
Promotional Plan
VII. Prepare for quick action in
case of indication of
susceptibility shifts
VIII. Involvement of key
influencers in the area of
IRM
a) List technical meetings for participation
b) List needed educational and promotional
materials
c) Assign tasks and deliver tools
a) Complete legal review and publication of Global
Guidelines document version 2.1 which includes
a the process for mitigation as a guidance tool
for countries to follow (decision tree in case of
suspected resistance development to diamides)
a) Co-organize with US-WG workshop/ Symposium
share crop-based IRM recommendations and
validate if principles adequate? Propose expert
review of global guidelines document
2010 SMART
Objectives and Goals
May 2010
July 2010
July 2010
December 2010

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Objectives Timeline
1. Review our global IRM guidelines (label language, poster)
2. Start Diamide WGs in Morocco (Andrea), Italy (Andrea), Turkey (Robert),
Taiwan (Robert), Israel (Andrea), South Africa (Luis)
3. Move the existing WGs from planning stage (develop recommendations)
to action stage (implementation of IRM recommendations and
educational plans)
4. Increase participation of Global Diamide WGs in Country WG meetings
5. Improve compliance of the labels with the IRM guidelines
6. Develop ‚drastic„ measures (beyond IRM guidelines) to prevent
resistance and offer them to high risk countries (Robert to make a first
draft)
2011 SMART
Objectives
May 2011
Kick off by
May 2011
Through end
of 2011
2011
2011
2011

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
- Sell the products only during some months in the year
Brainstorming “Take action against resistance
development”
- Convince influencers to recommend to stop sales in a region for one year
- Take one region or country as example about what to do in order to prevent
resistance
- Lobby through Crop Life to stop sales for one year in a certain country
- Offer our support to Crop Life in order to take drastic measures against resistance
262

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
Methods update
263

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
7 diamide methods listed on IRAC e-methods web-page (+ 4 compared to 2010)
Helicoverpa spp.
Heliothis spp.
Spodoptera spp.
Cydia
pomonella
Plutella
xylostella
Tuta
absoluta
2 Approved
5 Under Review
+ 1 External Reference
Aphis
gossypii
Myzus
persicae

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
• Tuta absoluta video
• Filming complete, final editing ongoing.
• Narration agreed, but needs to be recorded.
• Trial version can be seen on you-tube
Summary/ Review Slides
2009/10
• Leptinotarsa decemlineata
• Diet method proposed by DuPont
• Is current method (007) appropriate, do we need different method ?
• Chilo suppressalis & Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
• No current IRAC methodologies for these species
• Syngenta and DuPont have proposed methods
• Can we combine methods as there is little difference.
• Bemisia tabaci
• DuPont proposed method (University of Florida & Cartagena)
• Different from previous methods as requires systemic uptake

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
• Literature review – place on reference list ?
• Lobesia botrana Ioriatti et al (PMS, 2009)
• Choristoneura rosaceana Sial, Brunner & Doerr (PB&P, 2011)
• Leucinodes orbonalis Latif (JPS, 2010)
• Liriomyza trifolii Conroy (JESO, 2008)
• Grapholita molesta Jones (JEE, 2010)
• What next ?
• Adoxophyes orana
• Mamestra brassicae
• Pieris rapae
• Ostrinia nubilalis
• Leucoptera coffeella
• Sucking pests – whitefly, thrips
• Videos ?

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
DBM Workshop
267

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
DBM Workshop
268

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
DBM Workshop
269

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
IRAC„s booth
DBM Workshop
270

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
IRAC„s booth
DBM Workshop
271

Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
IRAC„s presentations
DBM Workshop
272