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11th ICRS Abstract book - Nova Southeastern University

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23.1009<br />

Managing Coral Reef in Indonesia. Lesson Learn From Coral Reef Rehabilitation And<br />

Management Program<br />

suharsono SUHARSONO* 1<br />

1<br />

Resarch Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia<br />

The Indonesian Government has launched Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management<br />

Program (COREMAP) since 1998. It is aimed to enhance the health of coral reef and<br />

to increase the prosperity of costal community who depends much on the coral reefs<br />

ecosystem for their existence. Evaluation activities indicated that the success of the<br />

program of saving coral reef is primarily due to the success of the program component<br />

of community awareness, community surveillance, monitoring of coral reef health and<br />

training program. The components of community awareness and surveillance have given<br />

the most significant impact in reducing the rate of coral reef degradation. The most<br />

effective method for the community awareness program is trough television media as<br />

well as through the involvement of the community chief , be it an informal leader or<br />

government official, that actively campaigning on the importance of coral reef for the<br />

community. Handing over the right to manage and control the resource to the community<br />

has shown significant effect in increasing the catch which in turn increasing community<br />

income. Scientifically monitoring the coral reefs health as well as the socio-economic<br />

condition of the coastal people have been continuously done. The role of public<br />

communication component which produce a variety of dissemination products also has a<br />

big share in spreading up research products so that they can be absorbed and applied by<br />

the community. Training program without on the job guidance for certain period of time<br />

would surely fail. The success of training program and community guidance to do<br />

monitoring coral reef condition, supervision and training on how to diversify various<br />

fishery products and marketing constitute the main factor for the continuation of this<br />

program.<br />

Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences<br />

Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur Jakarta Utara 11048, Indonesia<br />

Email: director-rco@indo.net.id<br />

.<br />

23.1010<br />

An Ecological Correction to Marine Reserve Boundaries in the US Virgin Islands<br />

Rafe BOULON* 1 , Mark MONACO 2 , Alan FRIEDLANDER 3 , Chris CALDOW 2 , John<br />

CHISTENSEN 2 , Caroline ROGERS 4 , James BEETS 5 , William MILLER 6<br />

1 Resource Management, VI National Park/Coral Reef NM, St. John, Virgin Islands<br />

(U.S.), 2 NOAA, Silver Spring, MD, 3 The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, HI, 4 USGS, St.<br />

John, Virgin Islands (U.S.), 5 Univ. of Hawaii, Hilo, HI, 6 National Park Service - I&M, St.<br />

John, Virgin Islands (U.S.)<br />

Marine reserves and other marine protected areas (MPAs) are important tools for<br />

management of marine ecosystems. Ecological and biological criteria are often not<br />

feasible to consider when establishing protected areas. In 2001, the Virgin Islands Coral<br />

Reef National Monument (VICR) in St John, US Virgin Islands, was established by<br />

Executive Order. The VICR boundaries were based on administrative determination of<br />

Territorial Sea boundaries and land ownership at the time of the Territorial Submerged<br />

Lands Act of 1974. The VICR prohibits almost all fishing and other extractive uses.<br />

Surveys of habitat and fishes inside and outside of the VICR were conducted in 2002–<br />

2007. Based on surveys from 2002 to 2004, areas outside the VICR had significantly<br />

more hard corals; greater habitat complexity; and greater richness, abundance and<br />

biomass of reef fishes than areas within the VICR. The administrative (political) process<br />

used to establish the VICR did not allow a robust ecological characterization of the area<br />

to determine the boundaries of the MPA. Because of reduced habitat complexity within<br />

portions of the existing VICR, the enhancement of the marine ecosystem may not be fully<br />

realized and/or increases in economically important reef fishes may take longer to detect.<br />

Efforts are under way with the VI Delegate to Congress to increase amounts of complex<br />

reef habitat within the VICR by swapping a part of the VICR that has little hermatypic<br />

coral reef habitat for a wedge-shaped Territorially-owned area within the VICR that<br />

contains a coral reef with higher hermatypic coral cover. The simplification of the<br />

boundary will also enhance enforcement by reducing the confusion of fishermen and<br />

rangers as to where fishing is allowed.<br />

Poster Mini-Symposium 23: Reef Management<br />

23.1011<br />

St Croix East End Marine Park: The U.S. Virgin Islands’ First Territorial Marine Park<br />

Norman QUINN* 1 , John FARCHETTE 2 , Karlyn LANGJAHR 2 , Paige ROTHENBERGER 2<br />

1 Department of Natural Resources, St Croix East End Marine Park, Frederiksted, Virgin Islands<br />

(U.S.), 2 Department of Natural Resources, St Croix East End Marine Park, Christiansted, Virgin<br />

Islands (U.S.)<br />

Established on January 15, 2003, the St. Croix East End Marine Park (STXEEMP) is the U.S.<br />

Virgin Islands’ first marine park and represents the culmination of three years of collaboration<br />

between the federal and local government, non-governmental organizations, business<br />

representatives and other stakeholders. The park will protect the largest island barrier reef<br />

system in the Caribbean. As well as protecting significant marine resources the park is designed<br />

to promote sustainability of marine habitats, including coral reefs, sea grass beds and mangrove<br />

habitats and to preserve significant natural areas for the benefit of future generations. The<br />

STXEEMP is on the eastern end of St. Croix extending from the high tide boundary to the three<br />

nautical mile territorial waters limit and encompasses 155.4km2. The multi use design has four<br />

different managed areas: Recreation Management, Turtle Wildlife Preserve, No-Take and Open.<br />

The Recreation Management Areas (2.8%) are designated for snorkeling, diving, recreational<br />

fishing, bait fishing and boating while preserving resources. The Turtle Wildlife Preserve Area<br />

(7.0%) protects turtle nesting beaches for Green, Hawksbill and Leatherback turtles. The No<br />

Take Areas (8.6%) protect spawning, nursery, and residence habitat for various species. A<br />

monitoring program is designed to collect scientific information to assist in the wise<br />

management of these habitats and species to ensure that these marine resources are available in<br />

the future. The Open Areas comprise 81.6% of the park, encompassing all areas that are not<br />

otherwise delineated. Existing territorial restrictions govern the use of these areas; the only<br />

marine park restriction is the prohibition of the removal of coral or live rock in these areas. The<br />

park’s education and outreach program’s goals are to facilitate environmental awareness<br />

opportunities for the community, encourage a sense of user stewardship regarding the marine<br />

environment and promote the awareness of and support for the park.<br />

23.1012<br />

The Use Of Simulated Visible/infrared Imager/radiometer Suite (Viirs) And Landsat Data<br />

Continuity Mission (Ldcm) Imagery For Coral Reef Monitoring<br />

Leland ESTEP* 1 , Joe SPRUCE 2 , Slawomir BLONSKI 2 , Roxzanna MOORE 2<br />

1 SSAI, Midland, TX, 2 SSAI, Stennis Space Ctr, MS<br />

The use of Rapid Prototyping Capability (RPC) technology resident to NASA Stennis Space<br />

Center (SSC), MS, was used to spectrally and spatially simulate NASA next-generation sensor<br />

imagery and environmental data products over two well-known coral reef areas – Looe Key,<br />

FL, and Kaneohe Bay, HI.<br />

The study purpose was to perform a preliminary assessment on the capability of next-generation<br />

sensor systems, the Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and the Landsat Data<br />

Continuity Mission (LDCM), to provide key data inputs to the National Oceanographic and<br />

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Integrated Coral Observing Network (ICON)/Coral Reef<br />

Early Warning System (CREWS) Decision Support Tool (DST). The DST data layers derived<br />

from the simulated imagery included maps depicting water quality parameters (chlorophyll<br />

(Chl) and the absorption coefficient (a)) and benthic habitat type.<br />

The input, or parent, imagery used by the RPC for simulation of VIIRS and LDCM imagery<br />

included spaceborne (Hyperion) and airborne hyperspectral data (AVIRIS). Water quality and<br />

benthic classification reference data (e.g., from field surveys) was used to validate simulated<br />

data products. The results of this study suggests that next generation NASA sensors can provide<br />

valuable data inputs to the NOAA’s ICON/CREWS DST, assuming data quality of the actual<br />

future sensors approximates original specifications.<br />

489

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