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Ant Management in Almonds Plan Ahead for Ants to Prevent Damage at Harvest By KATHY COATNEY | Contributing Writer The amount of ant damage sustained is directly proportional to how long the nuts are sitting on the ground, according to UCCE Entomologist David Haviland. There are two main ant pests in almonds: the pavement ant and the southern fire ant. The pavement ant is about 0.13 inch long, dark brown and covered with coarse hairs. It has ridges on its head that are visible with a hand lens and prefers to nest in sandy or loam soils. It’s found throughout the Central Valley, but most commonly in the northern San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys. The southern fire ant is 0.07 to 0.25 inch long and has an amber head and thorax with a black abdomen. Compared to pavement ants, fire ants vigorously swarm from the nest entrance when disturbed. “Both ant species are primarily protein feeders,” according to David Haviland, UCCE entomology and pest management farm advisor for Kern County, and almond kernels are excellent sources of protein. “That’s why we grow them and eat them. “Different ants respond differently to different climates, different ground covers, different types of soils and different amounts of rainfall,” Haviland said. Neither species likes to climb trees, but once the nuts are harvested and on the ground, they eat them, especially if there’s an opening in the shell. Ant Management “The amount of ant damage sustained is directly proportional to how long the nuts are sitting on the ground,” Haviland said, so the biggest factor in ant management is manipulating how long the nuts are on the ground. “Once the nuts are shaken, of course Continued on Page 86 84 West Coast Nut <strong>Dec</strong>ember 2021
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