202 FRIB Graduate Brochure

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Bradley Sherrill University Distinguished Professor of Physics, FRIB Scientific Director Keywords: Rare Isotope Production, Ion Optics, Drip Line Search Experimental Nuclear Physics About • BA, Physics, Coe College, 1980 • MS, Physics, Michigan State University, 1982 • PhD, Physics, Michigan State University, 1985 • Joined the laboratory in January 1985 • sherrill@frib.msu.edu Research Approximately 270 isotopes are found naturally. However, many more isotopes, nearly 7,000 in total, can be produced by particle accelerators or in nuclear reactors. These isotopes are radioactive and spontaneously decay to more stable forms, and I work to produce and separate new and interesting ones. There are several reasons why a latent demand exists within the scientific community for new, rare isotopes. One is that the properties of particular isotopes often hold the key to understanding some aspect of nuclear science. Another is that the rate of certain nuclear reactions involving rare isotopes can be important for modeling astronomical objects, such as supernovae. Yet another is that the properties of atomic nuclei can be used to test nature’s fundamental symmetries by searches for deviations from known symmetry laws. Finally, the production of isotopes benefits many branches of science and medicine as the isotopes can be used as sensitive probes of biological or physical processes. isotopes and work to better understand the best ways to produce any given isotope. We use and work to improve the modeling code LISE++, which involves interesting problems in computational science. Research in this area includes study and design of magnetic ion optical devices. learning the various nuclear production mechanisms and improving models to describe them. This background allows one to contribute to science by making new isotopes, but also prepares one for a broad range of careers in academia, government (e.g. national security), and industry. Selected Publications NSCL and FRIB at Michigan State University: Nuclear science at the limits of stability; A. Gade and B.M. Sherrill, Physica Scripta Volume: 91 (2016) 053003 Design of the Advanced Rare Isotope Separator ARIS at FRIB; M. Hausmann, et. al., Nucl. Instruments and Methods B, on-line (2013) Location of the Neutron Dripline at Fluorine And Neon Isotopes; Ahn DS, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 212501; Discovery of 60Ca and Implications For the Stability of 70Ca, O. B. Tarasov, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 (2018) 022501 The tools for production and separation of rare isotopes gives scientists access to designer nuclei with characteristics that can be adjusted to the research need. For example, super-heavy isotopes of light elements, such as lithium, have a size nearly five times the size of a normal lithium nucleus. The existence of such nuclei allows researchers to study the interaction of neutrons in nearly pure neutron matter, similar to what exists in neutron stars. For production of new isotopes, the approach that I have helped develop is called in-flight separation; where a heavy ion, such as a uranium nucleus, is broken up at high energy. This produces a cocktail beam of fragments that are filtered by a downstream system of magnets called a fragment separator. Our current research is focused on preparing for experiments at FRIB where we hope to discover nearly 1,000 new isotopes. Simultaneously, we will study the nuclear reactions that produce new The rich variety of nuclei is indicated by the depiction of three isotopes 4 He, 11 Li, and 220 Ra overlaid on the chart of nuclides where black squares indicate the combination of neutrons and protons that result in stable isotopes, yellow those produced so far, and green those that might exist. Nuclei like 11 Li have very different characteristics, such as a diffuse surface of neutron matter, than do normal nuclei. 74 2022_FRIB_Graduate_Brochurev4.indd 74 10/29/2021 3:33:57 PM
Jaideep Taggart Singh Associate Professor of Physics Keywords: Fundamental Symmetries, Nuclear Astrophysics, Single Atom Microscope, Electric Dipole Moments, Single Atom Microscope for Nuclear Astrophysics s Experimental Atomic & Nuclear Physics About • BS, Physics, California Institute of Technology, 2000 • PhD, Physics, University of Virginia, 2010 • Joined the laboratory in August 2014 • singhj@frib.msu.edu Research Why is there something rather than nothing? Physicists believe that there were equal amounts of matter and antimatter in the early history of the universe, but now the observable universe is composed of matter – so how did the antimatter vanish? The answer could be rooted in the nature of forces between subatomic particles that are not the same when the arrow of time is reversed. Physicists theorize that this time-reversal violation is the key ingredient needed to unravel the cosmic mystery of the missing antimatter. Such time-reversal violating forces result in a property in particles called a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM). Pear-shaped nuclei are expected to amplify the effect of time-reversal violation and consequently have large potentially observable EDMs making these nuclei particularly sensitive to new kinds of previously unobserved Physics. These nuclei are typically radioactive, but FRIB will produce some of them in abundance for the first time. Biography I was born in India but grew up mostly in Canada and Texas. My father is a theoretical physicist and my mother was trained as a historian. Their background instilled me with a love of textbooks and a particular appreciation for the conceptual development of ideas. I went to college at the California Institute of Technology where I was given a chance to engage in undergraduate research with no previous experience. It was there that I developed a passion for creating, manipulating, and detecting spinpolarized nuclei. After being denied admission to several graduate schools, I was finally offered admission to the University of Virginia, the alma mater of the laboratory’s founding director, Professor Henry Blosser. After a decade in graduate school, UVa mercifully kicked me out with a PhD. After postdocs at Argonne National Laboratory and the Technical University of Munich, I started my faculty position here in 2014. How Students can Contribute as Part of my Research Team Please tell me about your favorite book. Since becoming more established in my research area, I don’t worry about my career and will spend 100% of my time helping you achieve your career goals - how can I help you? Regarding research experience in my group, you will be expected to perform the Hughes Trilogy: build something, experimentally measure something, and theoretically calculate/simulate something. We play with, amongst other things, lasers, vacuum chambers, cryogenic equipment, and magnetic & electric fields. FRIB will provide access to Ra-225 and Pa-229, which would present an unprecedented opportunity to test timereversal violation. Selected Publications Development of high-performance alkali-hybrid polarized He3 targets for electron scattering, Jaideep T. Singh, et al. Phys. Rev. C 91, 055205 (2015) A large-scale magnetic shield with 106 damping at millihertz frequencies, I. Altarev et al., J. Appl. Phys. 117, 183903 (2015) First Measurement of the Atomic Electric Dipole Moment of Ra-225, R. H. Parker, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 233002 (2015) 75 2022_FRIB_Graduate_Brochurev4.indd 75 10/29/2021 3:33:57 PM
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FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS GRA
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Contents Director’s welcome......
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Director’s welcome Why do atoms e
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A research associate and physicist
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FRIB features Unprecedented discove
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Other tools and resources • FRIB
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JINA-CEE Michigan State University
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ASET graduate student works with an
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What is cryogenic engineering? Cryo
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Accelerator physics Students in acc
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Fun and friendship The graduate stu
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Page 33 and 34: The Lansing area Capital city Lansi
Page 35 and 36: The campus The East Lansing campus
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Page 39 and 40: Daniel Bazin Research Senior Physic
Page 41 and 42: Georg Bollen University Distinguish
Page 43 and 44: Edward Brown Professor of Physics K
Page 45 and 46: Kaitlin Cook Assistant Professor of
Page 47 and 48: Pawel Danielewicz Professor of Phys
Page 49 and 50: Venkatarao Ganni Director of the MS
Page 51 and 52: Yue Hao Associate Professor of Phys
Page 53 and 54: Morten Hjorth-Jensen Professor of P
Page 55 and 56: Pete Knudsen Senior Cryogenic Proce
Page 57 and 58: Steven Lidia Senior Physicist and A
Page 59 and 60: Steven Lund Professor of Physics Ke
Page 61 and 62: Kei Minamisono Research Senior Scie
Page 63 and 64: Fernando Montes Research Staff Phys
Page 65 and 66: Witek Nazarewicz University Disting
Page 67 and 68: Brian O’Shea Professor of Computa
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Page 73: Gregory Severin Assistant Professor
Page 77 and 78: Andreas Stolz Professor, Operations
Page 79 and 80: Jie Wei Professor of Physics, FRIB
Page 81 and 82: Yoshishige Yamazaki Professor of Ph
Page 83 and 84: Vladimir Zelevinsky Professor of Ph
Page 85 and 86: How to Apply Now that you’ve read
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