Historic Trauma and Aboriginal Healing
by Cynthia C. Wesley-Esquimaux, Ph.D. and Magdalena Smolewski, Ph.D.
by Cynthia C. Wesley-Esquimaux, Ph.D. and Magdalena Smolewski, Ph.D.
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Chapter 3<br />
characteristics more typical of people with internal locus of control who believe that they control their<br />
own destiny versus “externals,” or people who believe that their lives are determined by forces outside<br />
themselves.<br />
Internals<br />
• After experiencing success in a task, internals<br />
are likely to raise their behavioural goals.<br />
• After failing a task, internals re-evaluate future<br />
performances <strong>and</strong> lower their expectations of<br />
success.<br />
• More likely to prefer games based on skill.<br />
Externals<br />
• More likely to lower their goals.<br />
• After failure, externals raise their expectations.<br />
• Prefer games based on chance or luck.<br />
• More likely to work for achievements, to<br />
tolerate delays in rewards <strong>and</strong> to plan for longterm<br />
goals.<br />
• Better able to resist coercion.<br />
• More likely to learn about their surroundings<br />
<strong>and</strong> learn from their past experiences.<br />
• Find solving their own bouts of depression<br />
easier.<br />
• Likewise, they are less prone to learned<br />
helplessness <strong>and</strong> serious depression.<br />
• Better at tolerating ambiguous situations.<br />
• Less willing to take risks.<br />
• More willing to work on self-improvement <strong>and</strong><br />
better themselves through remedial work.<br />
• Derive greater benefits from social supports.<br />
• Make better mental health recovery in the longterm<br />
adjustment to physical disability.<br />
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