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12 | OUT AND ABOUT COSTA BLANCA DR. M. ISABEL SIGNES-SOLER Vision problems are very common among schoolage children. These <strong>issue</strong>s are often easy to treat, sometimes requiring little more than a pair of prescription glasses. But if vision problems aren’t addressed, it can have lasting effects on your child’s success in school, personal relationships and confidence engaging in normal activities. It’s important for parents and teachers to stay mindful of everyday signs that a child may need vision correction: 1. They hold books unusually close to their face 2. They lose their place as they read 3. They squint or tilt their head to see better 4. They sit too close to the TV 5. They rub their eyes a lot 6. Their eyes tear up for no apparent reason 7. They tend to close one eye during activities like reading or watching TV 8. They avoid activities that require near vision (reading, homework, computer use) or distance vision (sports, other recreational activities) 9. They mention that their eyes are tired or they have a headache 10. Their grades are lower than normal Blurry vision may be interfering with your child’s ability to learn in school. Regular eye exams can detect and correct this and other vision problems. If your child shows any of these signs, an optometrist can help you figure out whether an eye problem is the underlying cause. Childhood refractive errors In some cases, a child can have astigmatism and nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness at the same time. You will get a vision prescription after your child’s eye exam (and contact lens fitting, if contacts are needed) and you can use it to buy glasses or contacts wherever you’d like. Myopia is a growing problem among children. It’s natural for myopia to slowly get a little worse as 10 “hidden” signs your child may need glasses people get older, but sometimes it progresses too quickly. It can lead to a condition called high myopia. This greatly increases the risk of developing visionthreatening diseases like retinal detachment, macular degeneration, cataracts and glaucoma later in life. By 2050, as many as 1 in every 10 people on Earth may have high myopia — nearly four times as many people as in 2015. Other childhood eye problems Refractive errors change the way light registers inside the eye, but other childhood eye conditions can affect the way the eyes move together. Between 5% and 10% of school-age children are thought to have an eye teaming or focusing problem. These conditions include: - Strabismus – a problem with the way the eyes are aligned. Strabismus is often referred to as “crossed eyes”. - Amblyopia – also called “lazy eye.” Reduced vision in one eye. - Convergence insufficiency – a form of intermittent exotropia, which is itself a type of strabismus. The eyes have a hard time working together to focus on near objects. When a child tries to focus on something close, one eye turns slightly outward instead of inward. Refractive errors and eye teaming or focusing problems aren’t the only conditions that can affect a child’s life. Other common problems include: - Color blindness: More accurately known as color vision deficiency, color blindness causes problems seeing some – but rarely all – colors. There are several different types of color blindness. - Vision loss: The most common causes include injuries, congenital conditions and complications that stem from other health problems. About 3% of children under age 18 are either visually impaired or blind. Connecting vision with attention and learning Dra. Maria Isabel Signes-Soler, PhD, FAAO • Tel: 965832080
DR. M. ISABEL SIGNES-SOLER OCTOBER 2021 | 13 disorders Between 5% and 15% of school-age children are affected by a learning disorder. About 80% of these are reading disorders, like dyslexia. Nearly 1 in 10 schoolage children have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These conditions are not vision disorders themselves, but they can coexist with certain eye problems. How often do kids need eye exams or vision screenings? The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends the following schedule for vision screenings early in life: 1. As a newborn 2. Between 6 and 12 months’ old 3. Between 1 and 3 years’ old 4. Between 3 and 5 years’ old 5. After age 5 As children progress through their school-age years, it is recommended an eye exam every year, regardless of whether a vision problem is present. If you suspects a problem with your child’s eyes or eyesight, contact an optometrist or ophthalmologist for a complete eye exam. GLASSES FOR 79€
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