Abnormal Psychology, 2018a

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Abnormal Psychology can become pathological and has led to the scientific study of psychological disorders, or psychopathology. From our previous discussion we can fashion the following definition of a psychological or mental disorder: mental disorders are characterized by psychological dysfunction, which causes physical and/or psychological distress or impaired functioning, and is not an expected behavior according to societal or cultural standards. Key Takeaways You should have learned the following in this section: Abnormal behavior is a combination of personal distress, psychological dysfunction, deviance from social norms, dangerousness to self and others, and costliness to society. Abnormal psychology is the scientific study of abnormal behavior, with the intent to be able to predict reliably, explain, diagnose, identify the causes of, and treat maladaptive behavior. The study of psychological disorders is called psychopathology. Mental disorders are characterized by psychological dysfunction, which causes physical and/or psychological distress or impaired functioning, and is not an expected behavior according to societal or cultural standards. Section 1.1 Review Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is the disease model and what problems existed with it? What was to overcome its limitations? Can we adequately define normal behavior? What about abnormal behavior? What aspects are part of the American Psychiatric Association’s definition of abnormal behavior? What is abnormal behavior? Psychopathology? How do we define mental disorders? 1.2. Classifying Mental Disorders Section Learning Objectives Define and exemplify classification. Define nomenclature. Define epidemiology. Define the presenting problem and clinical description. Differentiate prevalence, incidence, and any subtypes. 18
Abnormal Psychology Define comorbidity. Define etiology. Define course. Define prognosis. Define treatment. Classification is not a foreign concept and as a student you have likely taken at least one biology class that discussed the taxonomic classification system of Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species revolutionized by Swedish botanist, Carl Linnaeus. You probably even learned a witty mnemonic such as ‘King Phillip, Come Out For Goodness Sake’ to keep the order straight. The Library of Congress uses classification to organize and arrange their book collections and includes such categories as B – Philosophy, Psychology, and Religion; H – Social Sciences; N – Fine Arts; Q – Science; R – Medicine; and T – Technology. Simply, classification is how we organize or categorize things. The second author’s wife has been known to color-code her DVD collection by genre, movie title, and release date. It is useful for us to do the same with abnormal behavior, and classification provides us with a nomenclature, or naming system, to structure our understanding of mental disorders in a meaningful way. Of course, we want to learn as much as we can about a given disorder so we can understand its cause, predict its future occurrence, and develop ways to treat it. Epidemiology is the scientific study of the frequency and causes of diseases and other health-related states in specific populations such as a school, neighborhood, a city, country, and the world. Psychiatric or mental health epidemiology refers to the occurrence of mental disorders in a population. In mental health facilities, we say that a patient presents with a specific problem, or the presenting problem, and we give a clinical description of it, which includes information about the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that constitute that mental disorder. We also seek to gain information about the occurrence of the disorder, its cause, course, and treatment possibilities. Occurrence can be investigated in several ways. First, prevalence is the percentage of people in a population that has a mental disorder or can be viewed as the number of cases divided by the total number of people in the sample. For instance, if 20 people out of 100 have bipolar disorder, then the prevalence rate is 20%. Prevalence can be measured in several ways: Point prevalence indicates the proportion of a population that has the characteristic at a specific point in time. In other words, it is the number of active cases. Period prevalence indicates the proportion of a population that has the characteristic at any point during a given period of time, typically the past year. Lifetime prevalence indicates the proportion of a population that has had the characteristic at any time during their lives. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), in 2015 there was an estimated 9.8 million U.S. adults aged 18 years or older with a serious mental illness, or 4% of all U.S. adults, and 43.4 million adults aged 18 years or older with any mental illness, or 17.9% of all U.S. adults. Source: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/prevalence/index.shtml 19
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Abnormal Psychology diagnosis. Elem
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Abnormal Psychology reason for the
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Abnormal Psychology II Part II. Men
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Abnormal Psychology 1. Patient Hist
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Abnormal Psychology Describe how de
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Abnormal Psychology Symptoms of der
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Abnormal Psychology 6.3. Comorbidit
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Abnormal Psychology III Part III. M
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Abnormal Psychology Describe how Ag
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Abnormal Psychology 7.2.1. Generali
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Children and teens diagnosed with a
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Abnormal Psychology prefrontal cort
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Abnormal Psychology be able to iden
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Abnormal Psychology 8.4.3. Behavior
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Abnormal Psychology 8.5.1.2. CBT. T
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Abnormal Psychology Individuals who
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Abnormal Psychology 10.3.2. Bulimia
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Abnormal Psychology obsession with
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Module 14: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Describe the symptoms and causes of
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Abnormal Psychology McCrory, 2012).
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Abnormal Psychology adulthood (APA,
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Abnormal Psychology Module 15: Cont
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Anorexia Nervosa - An eating disord
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Classification systems -Provide men
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Denial - Sometimes life is so hard
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F Factitious disorder - Commonly re
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Manifest content - The person’s a
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orderliness, perfectionism, and abi
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Psychoanalysis - Psychoanalytic the
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Schizoaffective disorder - Characte
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Substances - Any ingested materials
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2 References For a complete list of
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American Law Institute standard - S
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Body Dysmorphic Disorder - Section
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Of substance-related and addictive
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Disorder categories - Section 3.2.2
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Federal Insanity Defense Reform ACT
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Somatic symptom and related disorde
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Abnormal Psychology, 2018a

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