Abnormal Psychology, 2018a

Abnormal Psychology
1.5. Research Methods in Psychopathology
1.6. Mental Health Professionals, Societies, and Journals
Module Learning Outcomes
Explain what it means to display abnormal behavior.
Clarify how mental health professionals classify mental disorders.
Describe the effect of stigma on those who have a mental illness.
Outline the history of mental illness.
Describe the research methods used to study abnormal behavior and mental illness.
Identify types of mental health professionals, societies they may join, and journals they can
publish their work in.
1.1. Understanding Abnormal Behavior
Section Learning Objectives
Describe the disease model and its impact on the field of psychology throughout history.
Describe positive psychology.
Define abnormal behavior.
Explain the concept of dysfunction as it relates to mental illness.
Explain the concept of distress as it relates to mental illness.
Explain the concept of deviance as it relates to mental illness.
Explain the concept of dangerousness as it relates to mental illness.
Define culture and social norms.
Clarify the cost of mental illness on society.
Define abnormal psychology, psychopathology, and mental disorders.
1.1.1. Understanding Abnormal Behavior
To understand what abnormal behavior is, we first have to understand what normal behavior is. Normal
really is in the eye of the beholder, and most psychologists have found it easier to explain what is wrong
with people then what is right. How so?
Psychology worked with the disease model for over 60 years, from about the late 1800s into the middle
part of the 19th century. The focus was simple – curing mental disorders – and included such pioneers
as Freud, Adler, Klein, Jung, and Erickson. These names are synonymous with the psychoanalytical
school of thought. In the 1930s, behaviorism, under B.F. Skinner, presented a new view of human
behavior. Simply, human behavior could be modified if the correct combination of reinforcements and
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