Instruction in Functional Assessment, 2014a

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Instruction in Functional Assessment Glossary rates—limited A procedure to reduce an individual’s behavior by providing a reinforcer if the behavior occurs less than a maximum amount within a certain time interval e.g., only if less than 3 talk-outs occur during a class is a token delivered to the child. return rates—spaced responding A procedure to decrease but not eliminate behavior by providing a reinforcer following an instance of the behavior that occurred after a period of nonoccurrence e.g., to decrease someone who is excessively phone calling, only picking up after an interval when that person did not call. return rates (DRO) A procedure to eliminate challenging behavior by delivering a positive reinforcer following an interval of no occurrence of the challenging behavior (e.g., every 5 minutes when Jason does not suck his thumb praise and a candy are given to him). If the challenging behavior occurs then the interval starts over. return discrete trial training An approach to teaching new behaviors where trials involving presentation of an instruction, waiting for the individual’s response, and providing appropriate consequences is performed. environmental enrichment Entails enhancing the quality of the individual’s natural environment by adding increased access to preferred activities, people, or objects with variety and choices available. return extinction No longer providing the reinforcer maintaining the problem behavior such that that behavior is less likely in future situations (Martin & Pear, 2011). return extinction burst Whereby the behavior being extinguished gets ‘worse before it gets better.’ That is, emotional behaviors and aggression in addition to an increase in severity of the problem behavior may occur. return functionally equivalent replacement behavior A desirable behavior that serves the same purpose as the challenging behavior. return Functional Analysis An experimental method used to identify the maintaining variables for an individual’s challenging behavior. return return 148
Instruction in Functional Assessment Glossary Functional analysis case-based training (FACT) A FACT method incorporates a case-based learning approach, role play, simulation, and performance-based instruction as major instructional methodologies to establish and hone students’ knowledgebase and skills required to implement a functional analysis process. return Functional Communication Training (FCT) Teaching the individual to ask for (mand) stimuli, events, or people that serve the same function as the problem behavior. return functional replacement behavior A desirable behavior that serves the same purpose as the challenging behavior. return general case strategy Entails carefully identifying the relevant aspects of a situation and including a representative sample of those characteristics in your training program. return Transfer of training gains across setting, people, behaviors, and time. return inclusion The heterogeneous grouping of children for academic and social reasons, including children with disabilities. return indirect functional assessment Assessment measures used to gather information about a student from people who know the student, such as rating scales, interviews, and questionnaires. return Program (IEP) A legal document containing an individualized approach to the academic and social education of a student with a disability return . Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act A federal law enacted in 2004 that mandates how educational professionals interact with students with disabilities and their families. return informed consent Parents and legal guardians must give written permission to professional for access to information, assessment, and treatment procedures. return 149
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The Missing Link: An Introduction t
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©2014 Marcie Desrochers & Moira Fa
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Reviewer’s Notes Instruction in F
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Table of Contents Preface Chapter 1
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college students and pre-profession
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Chapter 1 Challenging Behaviors of
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Instruction in Functional Assessmen
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Chapter 2 The Methodology of Functi
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Chapter 5 Teaching Functional Analy
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Chapter 6 Functional Analysis Case
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Instruction in Functional Assessment, 2014a

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