A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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3 Segmental phonology (64) /pɔʰʧe-t/ båhtjet [pɔhʧetʰ] ‘milk-inf’ (65) /vu͡anːʰʦa/ vuanntsa [vʊ͡ann̥ʦa] ‘hen\nom.sg’ [0239] [2140] 3.1.1.4.4 Preaspirated geminate affricates The segments /ʰʦː ʰʧː/ are preaspirated alveolar and postalveolar (respectively) geminate affricate phonemes. Just as with the preaspirated geminate plosives, the preaspirated geminate affricates only occur in the consonant center. The duration of the preaspiration and stop closure is longer in geminate affricates compared to their singleton affricate counterparts, while the duration of the fricative element is not phonologically relevant. Examples can be found in (66) and (67). (66) /maːʰʦːa-j/ máhttsaj [maːhtːsaj] ‘turn.around-3sg.pst’ [6613] (67) /aːʰʧːe/ áhttje [aːhtːʃe] ‘father\nom.sg’ [pit110415.19m16s] 3.1.1.5 Fricatives The fricative series in Pite Saami consists of the phonemes and their phonetic realizations shown in Table 3.5 on the facing page. 3.1.1.5.1 Singleton fricative consonants The segments /f v s ʃ h/ are singleton labiodental (unvoiced and voiced), alveolar, post-alveolar and glottal fricatives, all of which are attested in syllable onset and word-internal coda position. Some examples are provided in (68) through (75). (68) /taːfo-st/ dáfost [taːfostʰ] ‘area-elat.sg’ [6803] (69) /viva-v/ vivav [vivɑʋ] ‘son.in.law-acc.sg’ (70) /saːkasti-t/ ságastit [saːkastɪtʰ] ‘speak-inf’ (71) /kese-n/ giesen [ki͡esen] ‘summer-iness.sg’ [pit110415.08m08s] [1480] [pit100310b.019] 48
3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative phonemes and their realizations /f/ : [] /fː/ : [fː] /v/ : [v] [vv̥] [ʋ] /vː/ : [vː] [vv̥ː] [ʋː] /s/ : [s] /sː/ : [sː] /ʃ/ : [ʃ] /ʃː/ : [ʃː] /h/ : [h] (72) /ʃulːo/ sjullo [ʃulːo] ‘ugly’ (73) /uʃuta-v/ usjudav [uʃutɑʋ] ‘think-1sg.prs’ (74) /hɔlːɔ-t/ hållåt [hɔlːotʰ] ‘say-inf’ (75) /pahaː/ bahá [pahaː] ‘evil\nom.sg’ [1598] [6815] [0856] [0101] The phonemes /v s/ can also occur in word-final position, as in examples (76) and (77). (76) /kaːlaːv/ gáláv [kaːlɑːv] ‘ford\nom.sg’ (77) /nevres/ nievres [ni͡evres] ‘bad’ [4332] [5101] For some speakers from the north-eastern parts of Pite Saami territory, /ʃ/ is also possible word-finally because the diminutive suffix is sometimes /-ʃ/(instead of /-ʧ/); however there are not enough data in the corpus to determine when the diminutive suffix is /-ʃ/. Two of these phonemes require further explanation. First of all, the labiodental voiced fricative /v/ is often realized as a labiodental approximant [ʋ] when 49
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
Page 13 and 14: Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
Page 15 and 16: Symbols and abbreviations - segment
Page 17 and 18: 1 Introduction This description of
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
Page 21 and 22: 1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
Page 23 and 24: 1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
Page 39 and 40: 1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
Page 41 and 42: 2 Prosody This description of the p
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
Page 45 and 46: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
Page 47 and 48: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
Page 49 and 50: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
Page 51 and 52: 2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
Page 53 and 54: 3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
Page 57 and 58: 3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
Page 59 and 60: 3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
Page 63: 3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
Page 67 and 68: 3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
Page 69 and 70: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
Page 71 and 72: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
Page 73 and 74: 3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
Page 75 and 76: 3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
Page 77 and 78: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
Page 79 and 80: 3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
Page 81 and 82: 3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
Page 83 and 84: 3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
Page 85 and 86: 3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
Page 87 and 88: 3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
Page 89 and 90: 4 Morphological patterns and word c
Page 91 and 92: 4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
Page 93 and 94: 4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
Page 95 and 96: 4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
Page 97 and 98: 4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
Page 99 and 100: 5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
Page 101 and 102: 5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
Page 103 and 104: 5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
Page 105 and 106: 5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
Page 107 and 108: 5.2 The nominal case system clear,
Page 109 and 110: 5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
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5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
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7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
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7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
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7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
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7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
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7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
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7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
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7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
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7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
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7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
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8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
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8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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8.4 Morphological marking strategie
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8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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9 Other word classes (7) A: udtju u
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9 Other word classes prepositions,
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9 Other word classes Saami as other
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9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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9 Other word classes The interjecti
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10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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