A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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11 Phrase types 11.3.1 APs in adverbial function While the data in the corpus are quite limited, it appears that APs headed by an attributive adjective can be used adverbially. This is illustrated by njuallga ‘correct’ in (35). (35) jus galga jus galga if galga galga njuallga [njuallga] AP dajd d-a-jd dem-dist-acc.pl will\3sg.prs correct dajd valldet d-a-jd vallde-t will\3sg.prs dem-dist-acc.pl take-inf out ulgus ulgus njuovvat njuovva-t slaughter-inf åvdål åvdål before dä dä then gádtsastij gádtsasti-j hang.up-3sg.pst ‘If one slaughtered them correctly, then one would take them out before one hung them up.’ [pit080909.105] 11.4 Adverbial phrases An adverbial phrase (abbreviated ‘AdvP’) has an adverb as its head, and can potentially be modified by a further AdvP, as illustrated in (36) (36) [(AdvP) + adverb] AdvP The AdvP in example (37) consists only of the adverb buoragit ‘well’. (37) dalloj dalloj dä dä lij, li-j manaj mana-j buoragit [buoragi-t] AdvP at.that.time then be-3sg.pst go-3sg.pst good-advz ‘At that time it was, it went well.’ [pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.023] The sentence in (38) shows that an adverb can be further modified by another, preceding adverb. Here, the AP head buoragit ‘well’ is further modified by the adverb ganska ‘quite’. 5 (38) viesojmä vanj ganska buoragit dajna vieso-jmä vanj [[ganska] AdvP 1 buoragi-t] AdvP 2 d-a-jna live-1pl.pst definitely quite good-advz dem-dist-com.sg guollemijn guollemi-jn fishing-com.sg aj aj also ‘We definitely lived quite well with the fishing, too.’ [pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.164] 5 The adverb ganska is a nonce borrowing from Swedish (cf. Swedish ganska ‘quite’). 222
11.5 Postpositional phrases The example in (39) illustrates a AdvP (åbbå ‘quite’) which modifies the head of an AP (vuoras ‘old’). (39) men men but åbbå [åbbå] AdvP quite vuoras vuoras old\sg lä lä be\3sg.prs ‘But this one is obviously quite old.’ del del obviously dát d-á-t dem-prox-nom.sg [pit080708_Session07.006] Other forms also frequently fulfill an adverbial function; cf. §11.2.1 for nominal phrases, §11.3.1 for adjectival phrases, §11.5 for postpositional phrases and §8.2.2.3 for non-finite (progressive) verb forms. 11.5 Postpositional phrases A postpositional phrase (abbreviated ‘PP’) is headed by a postposition, which is always preceded by an NP complement. Any components in this complementing NP which are subject to case inflection inflect for genitive (as well as number). This structure is illustrated in (40). See Table 9.3 on page 188 for a list of postpositions. (40) [NP [gen] + post-position] PP The complement in a PP can be any valid nominal phrase. A number of examples for various NPs complementing the head of a PP are provided below: a noun with a demonstrative in (41), a single noun in (42), a demonstrative pronoun in (43), a personal pronoun in (44), an interrogative pronoun in (45), and an interrogative NP (46). (41) mån mån gillgiv gillgi-v daj [d-a-j gusaj gusa-j birra birra] P P ságastit ságastit 1sg.nom will-1sg.pst dem-dist-gen.pl cow-gen.pl about say-inf ‘I was going to talk about those cows.’ [pit080924.089] (42) dä dä mån mån then 1sg.nom tjuotjuv Stuornjárga tjuotju-v [Stuor-njárga stand-1sg.prs big-point\gen.sg nanne nanne] P P on Álesgiehtjen Álesgiehtje-n Västerfjäll-iness.sg ‘I am standing on ‘Big Point’ in Västerfjäll.’ [pit100404.012] 223
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
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5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
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7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
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7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
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7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
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7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
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7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
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7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
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7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
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7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
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7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
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8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
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8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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8.4 Morphological marking strategie
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8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
Page 202 and 203: 9 Other word classes (7) A: udtju u
Page 204 and 205: 9 Other word classes prepositions,
Page 206 and 207: 9 Other word classes Saami as other
Page 208 and 209: 9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
Page 210 and 211: 9 Other word classes The interjecti
Page 212 and 213: 10 Derivational morphology tion ses
Page 214 and 215: 10 Derivational morphology Two othe
Page 216 and 217: 10 Derivational morphology (23) då
Page 218 and 219: 10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
Page 220 and 221: 10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
Page 222 and 223: 10 Derivational morphology the clas
Page 224 and 225: 10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
Page 227 and 228: 11 Phrase types There are five type
Page 229 and 230: 11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
Page 231 and 232: 11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
Page 233 and 234: 11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
Page 235 and 236: 11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
Page 237: 11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
Page 241 and 242: 12 Overview of the syntax of senten
Page 243 and 244: 12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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Page 247 and 248: 13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
Page 249 and 250: 13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
Page 251 and 252: 13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
Page 253 and 254: 13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
Page 255 and 256: 13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
Page 257 and 258: 13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
Page 259 and 260: 13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
Page 261 and 262: 13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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Page 266 and 267: 14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
Page 268 and 269: 14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
Page 270 and 271: 14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
Page 272 and 273: 14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
Page 274 and 275: 14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
Page 277 and 278: Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
Page 279 and 280: Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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