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11.1 Verb complex<br />
(1) vietja<br />
[vietja] V C<br />
pahparav!<br />
pahpara-v<br />
fetch\sg.imp paper-acc.sg<br />
‘Get some paper!’<br />
[pit090519.316]<br />
(2) dun<br />
d-u-n<br />
váre<br />
namma’l<br />
váre<br />
namma=[l] V C<br />
mountain\gen.sg name\nom.sg=be\3sg.prs<br />
dem-rmt-gen.sg<br />
Sállvo<br />
Sállvo<br />
Sállvo\nom.sg<br />
‘The name <strong>of</strong> that mountain is Sállvo.’<br />
[pit100404.005]<br />
In (3), there are two VCs. The first VC is ij…dága 1 and consists <strong>of</strong> the finite<br />
negation verb and the lexical verb dáhkat ‘make, do’ in its connegative form, but<br />
is split by the particle dä and the NP argument aktagav. The second VC is the<br />
verb vähtjat ‘fetch’, here in its 1sg.prs finite form.<br />
(3) ij<br />
[i-j] V C 1<br />
dä aktagav<br />
dä aktaga-v<br />
neg-3sg.prs then nothing-acc.sg<br />
dav<br />
maŋŋel<br />
d-a-v maŋŋel<br />
dem-dist-acc.sg after<br />
‘It doesn’t matter, I’ll get that later.’<br />
dága,<br />
[dága] V C 1<br />
mån<br />
mån<br />
viehtjav<br />
[viehtja-v] V C 2<br />
make\conneg 1sg.nom fetch-1sg.prs<br />
[pit100404.157]<br />
The example in (4) consists <strong>of</strong> three VCs. The first, lin båhtam ‘had come’, is<br />
headed by the 3pl.pst form <strong>of</strong> the auxiliary verb årrot ‘be’ and combines with the<br />
perfect form <strong>of</strong> the main lexical verb båhtet ‘come’. The second and third VCs<br />
are both simple VCs consisting only <strong>of</strong> a finite verb form.<br />
(4) jus stalpe<br />
jus stalpe<br />
if<br />
lin båhtam<br />
[li-n båhta-m] V C 1<br />
wolf\nom.pl be-3pl.pst come-prf<br />
vuolgin<br />
[vuolgi-n] V C 2<br />
drive-3pl.pst<br />
ja<br />
ja<br />
and<br />
vitjin<br />
[vitji-n] V C 3<br />
fetch-3pl.pst<br />
elo<br />
elo<br />
reindeer.herd\gen.sg<br />
davva<br />
d-a-vva<br />
dem-dist-acc.sg<br />
sissa, dä<br />
sissa dä<br />
into then<br />
‘If wolves had entered the reindeer herd, they went and got him.’<br />
[pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.091]<br />
1 The complete phrase ij aktagav dága is likely a calque <strong>of</strong> the Swedish phrase det gör ingenting<br />
‘that doesn’t matter’ (lit.: ‘that does nothing’).<br />
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