A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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10 Derivational morphology (23) dårrjo-t → dårrj-o ‘support’ support-inf support-nmlz1\nom.sg [4732] However, as (24) and (25) indicate, the deverbalized noun does not have to refer exactly to the action or result of the verb, but only to a related concept. (24) gåjjkå-t → gåjjk-o ‘drought; thirst’ dry-inf dry-nmlz1\nom.sg [4225] (25) jáhkke-t → jáhkk-o ‘belie’ believe-inf believe-nmlz1\nom.sg [0909] Such nouns are in nominal inflectional class Ic; these examples present the nominal singular forms, and are thus in the strong stage of consonant gradation. As the example in (26) shows, these are full fledged nouns that inflect for case and number and can fill syntactic slots reserved for NPs (here, the object of the transitive verb adnet ‘have’). (26) jut almatj jut almatj adna adna jáhkov jáhk-o-v if person\nom.sg have\3sg.prs believe-nmlz1-acc.sg ‘if one has faith’ 10.1.4 The agent nominalizer suffix -däddje [sje20130523.158] The nominalizing suffix -däddje (glossed as nmlz2) creates an agent noun, indicating that the referent of the noun is involved in the activity denoted by the base. Examples are provided in (27) through (31). (27) vuäjdne-t → vuojna-däddje ‘clairvoyant’ see-inf see-nmlz2\nom.sg [6532] (28) åhpå-t → åhpa-däddje ‘teacher’ learn-inf learn-nmlz2\nom.sg [2243] (29) málesti-t → máles-däddje ‘cook, che’ cook-inf cook-nmlz2\nom.sg [5377] (30) gieles → gieles-däddje ‘liar’ lie\nom.sg lie-nmlz2\nom.sg [4826] (31) jåhta-t → báhko+jåde-däddje ‘chairperson’ drive-inf word+drive-nmlz2\nom.sg [0109] 200
10.1 Nominal derivation The base is typically a verb, but can be a noun, as in (30). The stem of the derived agent noun is in the weak grade. As illustrated by (28) and (29), the resulting agent noun (with a root máles and åhpa) may no longer be directly derivable from the comparable verb (there is no verb *málle-t ‘cook-inf’, only málestit, nor a verb *åhpa-t, but instead åhpådit ‘teach-inf’). Note that the noun báhkojådedäddje ‘chairperson’ in (29) is a compound calque based on the Swedish equivalent ordörande, which literally means ‘word-driver’. It is not clear whether ? jådedäddje ‘driver’ exists on its own. 10.1.5 The state nominalizer suffix -vuohta The nominalizing suffix -vuohta (glossed as nmlz3) typically derives nouns from adjectives, as in (32) through (34). (32) vassjalis → vassjalis-vuohta ‘activity’ active active-nmlz3\nom.sg [3082] (33) sádnes → sádnes-vuohta ‘truth’ true true-nmlz3\nom.sg [1476] (34) luossis → luossis-vuohta ‘melancholy’ heavy heavy-nmlz3\nom.sg [2519] The suffix -vuohta can also be applied to a derived adjectival base. In (35), the stem máhtelis ‘possible’ is itself a derived adjectival based on the verb máhttet ‘can’. The deepest derivational base in the example in (36) is roughly analogous, but one step farther removed from the final derived form: the highest-level base bargodis ‘unemployed’ is an adjectival form of the noun bargo ‘work’, which itself is a deverbal form based on the verb barrgat ‘work’ (cf. example (18) in §10.1.3 above). (35) máhtelis → máhtelis-vuohta ‘possibility’ possible possible-nmlz3\nom.sg [6533] (36) bargodis → bargodis-vuohta ‘unemployment’ unemployed unemployed-nmlz3\nom.sg [3131] Much as with (36) above, the base tjalmedis ‘blind’ in (37) is itself based on the noun tjalbme ‘eye’ derived by the suffix -dis indicating a lack of the base referent. Thus, tjalmedisvuohta could be literally translated as ‘eye-less-ness’. 201
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
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5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
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7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
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7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
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7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
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7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
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7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
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7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
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7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
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7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
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7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
Page 165 and 166: 8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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Page 208 and 209: 9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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Page 212 and 213: 10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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Page 218 and 219: 10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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Page 224 and 225: 10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
Page 227 and 228: 11 Phrase types There are five type
Page 229 and 230: 11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
Page 231 and 232: 11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
Page 233 and 234: 11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
Page 235 and 236: 11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
Page 237 and 238: 11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
Page 239 and 240: 11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
Page 241 and 242: 12 Overview of the syntax of senten
Page 243 and 244: 12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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Page 247 and 248: 13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
Page 249 and 250: 13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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