A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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1 Introduction Luokta-Mavas, Semisjaur-Njarg and Svaipa as part of Pite lappmark. 6 Sammallahti (1998: 22) corroborates this, and adds the forest sameby Ståkke to the list. Collinder and Bergsland also help delineate the southern border of Pite Saami territory. Collinder writes that the border “goes along the Pite River between the parishes of Jockmock [sic] and Arvidsjaur, and farther west through the parish of Arjeplog” (1960: 23), while Bergsland further specifies that Ume Saami is spoken by “the forest Lapps in southern Arjeplog […] and by the mountain Lapps in Sorsele” (1962: 27). As for the Norwegian side, some Pite Saami reindeer herding families had their summer reindeer grazing lands in the Norwegian territory adjacent to the international border (cf. Manker 1947). The Finno-Ugrian scholar Eliel Lagercrantz worked with Pite Saami speakers whose families originated in the Arjeplog municipality but had resettled to the Beiarn area in Norway (cf. Lagercrantz 1926). Ethnic Pite Saami individuals still live in Norway, and are, for instance, still active in the local Pite Saami association there, Salten Pitesamisk Forening. As a result, one can say that Pite Saami was traditionally spoken in an area spanning both sides of the Norwegian-Swedish border around the municipality of Arjeplog on the Swedish side and across the border into Saltdal and Beiarn municipalities in Norway. On the Swedish side, the Pite Saami area is essentially limited to the Pite River drainage above the waterfall at Storforsen, and the sections of the Skellefte River drainage from the town of Arjeplog and farther upriver. The map in Figure 1.3 on the facing page gives a rough idea of the traditional geographic area, which is the light area on the map. It is based on Lagercrantz (1926), Ruong (1943), Manker (1947), Bergsland (1962) and Sammallahti (1998), as well as on my own knowledge gained by discussing family histories with Pite Saami individuals. My own research indicates that Pite Saami is currently still spoken by a few members of the Luokta-Mavas, Semisjaur-Njarg and Ståkke samebyar, as well as by settled Saami families from the same areas. Furthermore there are a few speakers from the Arjeplog municipality who have since moved to other areas outside of Arjeplog municipality, even as far away as southern Sweden. Ethnic Pite Saami individuals from Norway have indicated to me that the last Pite Saami speakers on the Norwegian side died several generations ago. 6 Manker (1947: 473) includes a map of all Swedish samebyar as a fold-out, and a map of these three Pite Saami samebyar. 4
1.1 The Pite Saami language and its speakers Figure 1.3: An approximate map of the territory in which the Pite Saami language was traditionally spoken 5
Page 1 and 2: A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
Page 3 and 4: A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
Page 5: Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
Page 8 and 9: Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
Page 10 and 11: Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
Page 13 and 14: Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
Page 15 and 16: Symbols and abbreviations - segment
Page 17 and 18: 1 Introduction This description of
Page 19: 1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
Page 23 and 24: 1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
Page 39 and 40: 1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
Page 41 and 42: 2 Prosody This description of the p
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
Page 45 and 46: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
Page 47 and 48: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
Page 49 and 50: 2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
Page 51 and 52: 2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
Page 53 and 54: 3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
Page 57 and 58: 3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
Page 59 and 60: 3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
Page 63 and 64: 3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
Page 65 and 66: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
Page 67 and 68: 3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
Page 69 and 70: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
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5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
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6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
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7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
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7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
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7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
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7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
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7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
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7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
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7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
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7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
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7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
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8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
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8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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8.4 Morphological marking strategie
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8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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9 Other word classes (7) A: udtju u
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9 Other word classes prepositions,
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9 Other word classes Saami as other
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9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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9 Other word classes The interjecti
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10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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