A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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8 Verbs conneg), which is in the weak grade (when gradation is relevant) and otherwise lacks any additional morphological marking. Examples for present and past indicative as well as imperative forms are provided in (25) through (27). (25) mån mån iv vasja i-v vasja 1sg.nom neg-1sg.prs feel.like\conneg lipsusijd lipsusi-jd ja ja daggarijd daggari-jd rumen.fat-acc.pl and such-acc.pl válldet vállde-t dán d-á-n muddon muddo-n take-inf dem-prox-iness.sg time-iness.sg ‘I don’t feel like taking the rumen fat and stuff at this time.’ [pit080909.091] (26) nå nå ittjij Henning ittji-j Henning well neg-3sg.pst Henning\nom.sg lij li-j be-3sg.pst nåv nåv so gållum gållu-m freeze-prf dä dä skihpá, skihpá gu gu then become.sick\conneg when ‘Well Henning didn’t get sick after he had been freezing like that.’ [pit090702.373] (27) ele ele tsábme! tsábme neg\sg.imp hit\conneg ‘Don’t hit!’ (said to a child) [sje20121009.11m27s]e 8.3 Passive voice Verbs in the passive voice can be derived from other verbs by the derivational suffix -duvv. Note that the vowel immediately following this suffix is the class marking morpheme for Class IV verbs; cf. §8.5.4. Examples are provided in (28) through (30). (28) dat d-a-t huvvsa huvvsa dem-dist-nom.sg house\nom.sg ‘That house was built by Nils.’ bidtjiduvvuj Nisest bidtji-duvvu-j Nise-st build-pass-3sg.pst Nils-elat.sg [pit110522.33m03s]e 158
8.4 Morphological marking strategies on verbs (29) ja ja dat d-a-t lä lä etjaláhkaj etjaláhkaj and dem-dist-nom.sg be\3sg.prs different lij lij be\3sg.pst dal dal now navte navte like.that gårroduvvum gårro-duvvu-m sew-pass-prf dä dat dä d-a-t then dem-dist-nom.sg ‘And that is different as it has been sewn like that.’ [pit080708_Session08.011] (30) men dá men d-á but dem-prox\nom.pl mierkeduvvum mierke-duvvu-m mark-pass-prf ‘But these reindeer have not been marked.’ buhtsu buhtsu ij ij lä lä reindeer\nom.pl neg\3pl.prs be\conneg [pit080703.030] The data from the corpus concerning passive verbs are quite limited, but indicates that passive verbs can be finite verbs inflecting for tense, person and number, as in (28), or non-finite forms, such as the perfect, as in (29) and (30). However, due to a lack of data, it is not clear whether passives can be used for progressive aspect, or inflect for either imperative or potential mood. That being said, these examples do make clear that the passive marker is restricted to lexical verbs. Passives are therefore not considered to be part of inflectional paradigms, but instead valency-decreasing verbal derivations. See also §10.2.5 in the chapter on derivational morphology and §13.1.1.1 on syntactic aspects of clauses in the passive voice. Note that Ruong (1945) includes other derivational suffixes which create passive verbs that are not attested in the corpus. 8.4 Morphological marking strategies on verbs As shown in §8.1 above, finite verbs can be marked for four inflectional categories: • agreement in person with the subject • agreement in number with the subject • tense • mood 159
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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Page 125 and 126: 5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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Page 136 and 137: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
Page 140 and 141: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
Page 145 and 146: 7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
Page 149 and 150: 7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
Page 151 and 152: 7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
Page 153 and 154: 7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
Page 155 and 156: 7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
Page 157 and 158: 7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
Page 159 and 160: 7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
Page 161 and 162: 7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
Page 163 and 164: 7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
Page 165 and 166: 8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
Page 167 and 168: 8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
Page 169 and 170: 8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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Page 185 and 186: 8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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Page 218 and 219: 10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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