A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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8 Verbs in (4) above as well as in (8) and (9) below; see Table 8.3 on page 160 in §8.4.1 for the imperative number suffixes. (8) nå, nå giehto giehto well tell\sg.imp naginav nagina-v dan d-a-n Luoddauvre Luoddauvre something-acc.sg dem-dist-gen.sg Luoddauvre\gen.sg birra birra about ‘Well, say something about this ‘Luoddauvre’!’ [pit080924.314] (9) dáhken dáhke-n dal dal dav d-a-v do-du.imp now dem-dist-acc.sg ‘Do that now!’ [pit101208.188]e The example in (10) below indicates that imperative can also be used as a kind performative speech-act. (10) gijtov gijtov ednet edne-t thank-acc.sg have-pl.imp ‘Thank you all!’ (lit.: have thank) [pit101208.290]e Note that Lehtiranta (1992: 150–155) includes a second imperative category in his verb paradigms that inflects for all three person categories and is marked by a stem-final -u-; Lehtiranta terms this ‘imperative II’. Lagercrantz (1926: 22) mentions ‘imperative II’ in passing as well, explaining that it is “less severe and more like a wish” (my translation), but Lagercrantz only includes examples for 2sg. The Pite Saami Documentation Project corpus does not have any tokens of such verbs, so more study is needed to determine their current status. 8.1.3.2 Potential mood Verbs can also be inflected for potential mood, indicating that the action referred to by the verb is likely to happen. Verbs in the potential mood are marked by a linearly segmentable morpheme -tj- followed by a person/number suffix. 2 Examples are provided in (11) through (13). 2 Cf. §13.4 for syntactic aspects of clauses in the potential mood. 152
8.2 Non-finite verb forms and periphrastically marked verbal categories (11) nå hålåv, vuolgetjip del nå hålå-v vuolge-tji-p del well say-1sg.prs go-pot-1pl obviously ‘Well then I say we should obviously go.’ (12) nä, virtitjav nä virti-tja-v nuollat nuolla-t no must-pot-1sg undress-inf ‘Oh no, I’ll probably have to take off some clothes.’ [pit090702.013] [pit090519.029] (13) ikeb ikeb dat d-a-t vuosjatja vuosja-tj-a káfav káfa-v maybe dem-dist-nom.sg prepare.coffee-pot-3sg coffee-acc.sg ‘Perhaps he’ll make some coffee.’ [pit110404.270]e As the examples in (14) and (15) illustrate, the potential mood can be used as a friendly request. (14) vuosjatja vuosja-tj-a káfav káfa-v prepare.coffee-pot-2sg coffee-acc.sg ‘Perhaps you could make some coffee.’ [pit110404.267]e (15) gulatja gula-tj-a dav mav d-a-v ma-v hear-pot-2sg dem-dist-acc.sg rel-acc.sg ‘Please hear what I am saying!’ mån hålåv mån hålå-v 1sg.nom say-1sg.prs [pit110404.056]e The person/number suffixesisinflection!verbal for potential mood are homophonous with those used in present tense for Class V verbs (cf. §8.5.5); cf. §8.4.3 for a discussion of the status of verbs in the potential mood as inflectional and derivational forms. 8.2 Non-finite verb forms and periphrastically marked verbal categories A number of non-finite verb forms exist in Pite Saami. The most common of these are the infinitive, connegative, perfect and progressive forms. Each of these nonfinite verb forms can co-occur with an auxiliary verb to periphrastically express the verbal categories of future tense, perfect or progressive aspect, and negation; 153
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
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Page 125 and 126: 5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
Page 130 and 131: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
Page 136 and 137: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
Page 140 and 141: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
Page 145 and 146: 7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
Page 149 and 150: 7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
Page 151 and 152: 7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
Page 153 and 154: 7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
Page 155 and 156: 7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
Page 157 and 158: 7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
Page 159 and 160: 7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
Page 161 and 162: 7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
Page 163 and 164: 7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
Page 165 and 166: 8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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Page 175 and 176: 8.4 Morphological marking strategie
Page 185 and 186: 8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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Page 208 and 209: 9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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Page 212 and 213: 10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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