A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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7 Adjectivals However, there are at least two exceptions. First, the numeral akta ‘one’ inflects for acc.sg case when modifying a noun, as illustrated by (51), as well as when it is in a headless elliptical construction, as in (52). 16 (51) åtjåjmen åtjå-jmen aktav akta-v guolev guole-v get-1du.pst one-acc.sg fish-acc.sg ‘We got one fish.’ (52) men vuotjiv men vuotji-v mån mån aktav akta-v but shoot-1sg.pst 1sg.nom one-acc.sg ‘But I shot one.’ [pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.182] [pit080924.008] Second, the example in (53) indicates that at least the ordinal numeral vuostas ‘first’ can be inflected as a superlative as vuostamos, meaning ‘the very first’. (53) dieda, dieda mån mån vuotjev vuotje-v vuostamos vuosta-mos know\2sg.prs 1sg.nom shoot-1sg.pst first-superl guhkajuolgagav guhka-juolga-ga-v long-leg-nmlz-acc.sg ‘You know, I shot my very first long-legger.’ (referring to a moose) [pit080924.079] 16 With this in mind, the word akta forms a word-class of its own, strictly speaking. 148
8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an open class of words which are defined syntactically by their ability to head a verb complex, as well as morphologically by inflecting for person, number, tense and mood. Verbs consist of a stem which is followed by a class marker and an inflectional suffix or suffixes, as illustrated in (1). (1) ∑ + class-marker + mood/tense/person/number Verb stems can have up to five allomorphic forms throughout the verbal paradigm due to a complex combination of morphophonological alternations. Verbs form at least five inflectional classes. The inflectional suffixes are exponents for person, number, tense and/or mood. Pite Saami distinguishes three number categories (singular, dual and plural), two tense categories (present and past) and the three modal categories (indicative, imperative and potential). The first sections of this chapter (§8.1 on the inflectional categories number, tense and mood; §8.2 on non-finite forms and periphrastically marked categories of future, aspect and negation; §8.3 on passive voice) provide a description of relevant morphological categories as a background for the discussion of morphological marking strategies for verbs in §8.4. Finally, §8.5 draws on the initial sections to posit inflectional classes for verbs. 8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional categories 8.1.1 Person and number All finite verbs agree in number with the subject of the clause and inflect for singular, dual or plural. Finite verbs in the indicative and the potential mood also agree in person. Inflectional morphology is present even if the subject of the clause is not overt. For instance, in (2), the finite verbs minne and gillge both agree with da, the 3pl subject; in (3), the finite verb lijmen agrees with the 1du subject månnå ja Jåssjå.
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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5.3 Number and case marking on noun
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Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
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Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
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Page 151 and 152: 7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
Page 153 and 154: 7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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Page 157 and 158: 7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
Page 159 and 160: 7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
Page 161 and 162: 7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
Page 163: 7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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Page 212 and 213: 10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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