A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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7 Adjectivals Table 7.7: Cardinal and ordinal numerals cardinal ordinal 0 nolla - 1 akkta vuostas 1 st aktát n1 st 2 guäkte mubbe 2 nd guoktát n2 nd 3 gålbmå gålmát (n)3 rd 4 nällje nielját (n)4 th 5 vihta vidát (n)5 th 6 guhta gudát (n)6 th 7 gietjav giehtjet (n)7 th 8 gakktse gáktsát (n)8 th 9 åktse åktsát (n)9 th 10 lågev lågát (n)10 th 100 tjuohte n/a 100 th 1000 tuvsan n/a 1000 th 7.9.1.1 Derivation and suppletion in ordinal numerals In general, ordinal numerals, which are listed on the right side of Table 7.7, can be derived from the corresponding cardinal numeral by replacing the vowel in V2 position and any final consonant with the suffix -át (and its allomorph -et in giehtjet ‘seventh’). In addition, the weak stem allomorph is selected and umlaut of V1 occurs, if applicable (cf. §4.1.2 on stem allomorphy). The ordinal numerals corresponding to tjuohte ‘hundred’ and tuvsan ‘thousand’ are not attested in the corpus. However, there are exceptions. First, the ordinals vuostas ‘first’ and mubbe ‘second’ are suppletive forms compared to the corresponding cardinal numerals akkta ‘one’ and guäkte ‘two’. 12 These two ordinals are used exclusively for the single-digit numbers ‘first’ and ‘second’; any ordinal numeral referring to a number of two or more digits uses a form derived from the cardinal numeral, as described above. This is illustrated in Table 7.8 on the facing page. Second, the cardinal numeral giehtjav ‘seven’ differs in the final two segments from the ordinal numeral gietjet ‘seventh’ (i.e., -av and -et). 12 Note that vuostas ‘first’ and mubbe ‘second’ are also reconstructable to at least Proto-Saami (Sammallahti 1998: 257;268). 144
7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive and derived ordinal numerals cardinal ordinal 1 akkta → 1 st vuostas 11 akta-låk-akkta → 11 th akta-låk-aktát 21 guäkte-låk-akkta → 21 st guäkte-låk-aktát 2 guäkte → 2 nd mubbe 12 akta-låk-guäkte → 12 th akta-låk-guoktát 22 guäkte-låk-guäkte → 22 nd guäkte-låk-guoktát 7.9.2 Complex numerals Any numerals other than those listed in Table 7.7 on the preceding page are complex numerals formed by combining the basic numerals. Multiples of ten are composed of the relevant cardinal numeral followed by lågev ‘ten’; examples are provided in Figure 7.1. guäkte-lågev gålbmå-lågev nällje-lågev two-ten three-ten four-ten 20 30 40 etc. Figure 7.1: Multiples of ten Note that lågev is often shortened to låk in fast speech, as in (43). (43) … gokt lij dánne giehtjavlåk jage maŋŋus gokt li-j dánne giehtjav-låk jage maŋŋus how be-3sg.pst here seven-ten year\nom.pl ago ‘… how it was here seventy years ago.’ [pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.001] There are two ways to compose two-digit numerals that are not multiples of ten. One method appends the relevant numeral representing the ‘ones-digit’ to the multiple of ten, while lågev ‘ten’ is shortened to låk. This is illustrated in Figure 7.2 on the next page, with examples of two-digit numerals from the corpus presented in (45) and (44). (44) sån sån lä gakktselåkgiehtjav lä gakktse-låk-giehtjav 3sg.nom be\3sg.prs eight-ten-seven ‘She is eighty-seven years old.’ jage jage year\nom.pl [pit100310b.146] 145
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
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5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
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5.2 The nominal case system clear,
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Page 115 and 116: 5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
Page 125 and 126: 5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
Page 130 and 131: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
Page 136 and 137: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
Page 140 and 141: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
Page 145 and 146: 7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
Page 149 and 150: 7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
Page 151 and 152: 7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
Page 153 and 154: 7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
Page 155 and 156: 7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
Page 157 and 158: 7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
Page 159: 7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
Page 163 and 164: 7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
Page 165 and 166: 8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
Page 167 and 168: 8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
Page 169 and 170: 8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
Page 175 and 176: 8.4 Morphological marking strategie
Page 185 and 186: 8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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Page 208 and 209: 9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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9 Other word classes The interjecti
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10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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