A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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7 Adjectivals (18) Inger Inger lä stuorap lä stuora-p Inger\nom.sg be\3sg.prs big-comp\sg ‘Inger is bigger than a mountain.’ várest váre-st mountain-elat.sg [pit110331b.144]e To indicate that a referent is the most extreme concerning the characteristic of comparison (at least within the group being compared), the relevant NP is the subject of a copular predicate which is complemented by the superlative predicative adjective. The quantifier gajk ‘all’ can be added for emphasis, 7 as in (19). (19) dát d-á-t lä lä vanj vanj dä dä gajk vuorasumos gajk vuorasu-mos be\3sg.prs probably then all old-superl\sg dem-prox-nom.sg dágaduvvum dága-duvvu-m make-pass-prf ‘This was probably the absolute oldest made.’ 7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna ‘small’ [pit0906_Ahkajavvre_a.120] The paradigms for the two Pite Saami words for ‘small’ provided in Table 7.5 on page 134 do not sufficiently indicate the restrictions placed on these specific adjectives. The root smáv-, a North Germanic loan word, only modifies plural nouns, while unn-, the native word (Sammallahti 1998: 265), usually only modifies singular nouns. No other Pite Saami adjectives underlie such a restriction; however, the Swedish adjective små (cognate with the source of smáv-) is also restricted to modifying plural nouns. 8 Therefore, it seems that this syntactic restriction was probably also borrowed. While a few examples exist in the corpus of unn- modifying a plural noun, smáv- is the preferred item and much more frequent in the corpus. 9 Examples are provided in (20) through (23). 7 The construction gajk vuorasumos ‘absolute oldest’ in (19) is possibly a calque based on North Germanic; cf. Swedish allra äldst ‘absolute oldest’. In both cases, the adverbial modifier is based on the word for ‘all’ and precedes the superlative adjective. 8 The Swedish adjective stem lite- is used for singular nouns. 9 A corpus search (including elicitation sessions) resulted in 1 token of unn- and 10 tokens of smáv- modifying a plural noun (carried out on 12 th November 2012). 138
7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna ‘small’ (20) jå, jå månnå månnå yes 1sg.nom aj aj mujhtav mujhta-v gu gu liv li-v also remember-1sg.prs when be-1sg.pst mánátj máná-tj child-dim\nom.sg ‘Yes, I also remember when I was a small child.’ unna unna small [pit080924.632] (21) bena bena lä lä dog\nom.sg be\3sg.prs ‘The dog is small.’ unne unn-e small\sg [pit080819a.126]e (22) ber ber only akta akta one bällge, bällge thumb\nom.sg ja ja and smáva smáva small gisstá, gisstá glove\nom.pl ‘only one thumb, and small gloves, these here’ dá d-á dem-prox\nom.pl [pit080708_Session08.031] (23) bednaga bednag-a lä lä smáve smáve dog-nom.pl be\3pl.prs small\pl ‘Dogs are small.’ [pit080819a.129]e In non-elicited tokens from the corpus, nouns modified by the adjective unna are always diminutive nouns, as in (20) above and in (24) and (25) below. (24) dát d-á-t lä dåpe lä dåpe be\3sg.prs house\gen.sg dem-prox-nom.sg sin sin in ‘This is in the house, in the little house.’ sin, sin in unna dåpátja unna dåpá-tj-a small house-dim-gen.sg [pit100310b.070] (25) ja ja danne vuojdniv unna danne vuojdni-v unna and there see-1sg.pst small ‘And I saw a little lingonberry there.’ jåŋåtjav jåŋå-tj-av lingonberry-dim-acc.sg [pit100404.353] 139
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure (8
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2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
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3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
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3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
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3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
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3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
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3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
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3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
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3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
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3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
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3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
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3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
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3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
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3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
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3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
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3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
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4 Morphological patterns and word c
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4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
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4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
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4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
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4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
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5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
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5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja
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Page 107 and 108: 5.2 The nominal case system clear,
Page 109 and 110: 5.3 Number and case marking on noun
Page 115 and 116: 5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
Page 125 and 126: 5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
Page 130 and 131: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
Page 136 and 137: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
Page 140 and 141: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
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Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
Page 149 and 150: 7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
Page 151 and 152: 7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
Page 153: 7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
Page 157 and 158: 7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
Page 159 and 160: 7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
Page 161 and 162: 7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
Page 163 and 164: 7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
Page 165 and 166: 8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
Page 167 and 168: 8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
Page 169 and 170: 8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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Page 185 and 186: 8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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Page 200 and 201: 9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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9 Other word classes prepositions,
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9 Other word classes Saami as other
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9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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9 Other word classes The interjecti
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10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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