A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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5 Nominals I: Nouns (2) dán d-á-n ájten ájte-n inimä ini-mä jáfojd jáfo-jd dem-prox-iness.sg shed-iness.sg have-1pl.pst flour-acc.pl suhkurijd suhkuri-jd sugar-acc.pl ja ja and gárvojd gárvo-jd clothing-acc.pl ja ja and iehtjá iehtjá other biebmojd biebmo-jd food-acc.pl ja ja and ‘In this shed we had flour and sugar and clothing and other food.’ [pit100310b.100-104] When the singular form is used, a noun’s referent is either generic, as illustrated by both nouns in (3), or it refers to a single unit, as the noun ájten ‘shed’ in example (2) above. (3) men vuästa, men vuästa but del káfan del káfa-n cheese\nom.sg definitely coffee-iness.sg ‘But cheese, (it’s) definitely tasty in coffee.’ 5.2 The nominal case system njallge njallge tasty [pit080924.139] Pite Saami has nine cases: nominative, genitive, accusative, illative, inessive, elative, comitative, abessive, and essive. 2 Nouns inflect for these cases, in addition to number, via portmanteau suffixes, stem alternations, or a combination of both. A general description of the cases is provided here. Note that the case system is valid for pronouns (also a subclass of nominals) as well, but not for adjectives and numerals. Case is expressed along with number by portmanteau suffixes, stem alternations, or a combination of both. §5.3 on treats this in more detail. 5.2.1 Nominative case In addition to being used as the citation form, most commonly in singular, nominative case (nom) marks the grammatical subject of a verbal clause (typically the most agent-like argument for transitive verbs) as in (4) and (5). (4) dä dä stuor sarves stuor sarves then big moose\nom.sg ‘Then a big moose arrives.’ båhta båhta come\3sg.prs [pit090702.319] 2 The terminology chosen here for the nine cases reflects the names used traditionally in Uralic studies. 84
5.2 The nominal case system (5) ja ja dä dä dáhka dáhka almatj almatj and then make\3sg.prs person\nom.sg ‘And then one makes a fire.’ dålåv dålå-v fire-acc.sg [pit100404.102] The possessed noun in a possessive copular clause (cf. §13.1.4) is also in the nominative case, as in (6). (6) muvne muvne lä lä bijjla bijjla 1sg.iness be\3sg.prs car\nom.sg ‘I have a car.’ (lit.: ‘at-me is car’) [pit080926.01m44s]e 5.2.2 Genitive case The genitive case (gen), the only adnominal case in Pite Saami, marks the possessor modifying the head of a noun phrase (the possessed noun), as in (7). (7) gokt lä gokt lä how majna ma-jna dan d-a-n be\3sg.prs dem-dist-gen.sg ságasta? ságasta talk\2sg.prs almatja namma almatj-a namma person-gen.sg name\nom.sg rel-com.sg ‘What is the name of that person who you are talking with?’ [pit110521b1.040]e Furthermore, the nominal complement in a postpositional phrase occurs in the genitive case, as the noun gåde ‘hut’ in (8). (8) gåde gåde sinne suovastit sinne suovasti-t hut\gen.sg in smoke-inf ‘to smoke (something) inside a hut’ 5.2.3 Accusative case [pit100405a.157] The accusative case (acc) marks the object of a transitive verb, as illustrated by the monotransitive clause in (9). 85
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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A grammar of Pite Saami Joshua Wilb
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Muv vienagijda Árjepluovest
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Contents 3.2 Vowels . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8.5.4 Class IV . . . . . .
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Acknowledgements This grammar of Pi
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Symbols and abbreviations - segment
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1 Introduction This description of
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.1 The Pite Saami language and its
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1.2 Linguistic documentation of Pit
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1.3 Typological profile Nouns infle
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2 Prosody This description of the p
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure a
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure 2.
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2.2 Multisyllabic word structure Ta
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Page 51 and 52: 2.3 Utterance-level prosody 2.3 Utt
Page 53 and 54: 3 Segmental phonology Pite Saami ha
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Consonants not have a comparabl
Page 57 and 58: 3.1 Consonants (21) /pɛvːte/ bäv
Page 59 and 60: 3.1 Consonants (33) /trotnik/ drodn
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Consonants (50) /nurːʰtas/ nu
Page 63 and 64: 3.1 Consonants (57) /pɔʦoj/ båts
Page 65 and 66: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.5: Fricative
Page 67 and 68: 3.1 Consonants (81) /taːfːo/ dáf
Page 69 and 70: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.7: Nasal pho
Page 71 and 72: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.8: Oral sono
Page 73 and 74: 3.1 Consonants (120) /tijstak/ dijs
Page 75 and 76: 3.1 Consonants onset cluster tend t
Page 77 and 78: 3.1 Consonants Table 3.13: Heterosy
Page 79 and 80: 3.2 Vowels Table 3.15: Quantitative
Page 81 and 82: 3.2 Vowels Table 3.16: Distribution
Page 83 and 84: 3.2 Vowels Due to the verbal suffix
Page 85 and 86: 3.2 Vowels (164) /porːe/ buorre [p
Page 87 and 88: 3.2 Vowels r i p ə r e 94 118 166
Page 89 and 90: 4 Morphological patterns and word c
Page 91 and 92: 4.1 Overview of morphology 4.1.2.1
Page 93 and 94: 4.1 Overview of morphology consonan
Page 95 and 96: 4.1 Overview of morphology (10) /pu
Page 97 and 98: 4.2 Overview of word classes (13) /
Page 99: 5 Nominals I: Nouns Nouns in Pite S
Page 103 and 104: 5.2 The nominal case system (14) va
Page 105 and 106: 5.2 The nominal case system (25) d
Page 107 and 108: 5.2 The nominal case system clear,
Page 109 and 110: 5.3 Number and case marking on noun
Page 115 and 116: 5.4 Inflectional classes for nouns
Page 125 and 126: 5.5 Possessive suffixes Table 5.23:
Page 127: 5.5 Possessive suffixes indicate th
Page 130 and 131: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns Table 6.1:
Page 136 and 137: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns are listed
Page 140 and 141: 6 Nominals II: Pronouns plement cla
Page 143 and 144: 7 Adjectivals Adjectivals in Pite S
Page 145 and 146: 7.1 Attributive adjectives are mark
Page 147 and 148: 7.2 Predicative adjectives (9) fáh
Page 149 and 150: 7.2 Predicative adjectives v vi vii
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7.4 Comparatives and superlatives 7
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7.5 Comparing NP referents As with
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7.6 Restrictions on smáva and unna
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7.7 Quantifiers However, when a qua
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7.9 Numerals (41) dajd d-a-jd gulij
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7.9 Numerals Table 7.8: Suppletive
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7.9 Numerals (46) nittonhundratála
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8 Verbs Verbs in Pite Saami form an
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8.1 Finite verbs and inflectional c
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8.2 Non-finite verb forms and perip
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8.4 Morphological marking strategie
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8.5 Inflectional classes for verbs
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9 Other word classes Table 9.1: Der
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9 Other word classes (7) A: udtju u
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9 Other word classes prepositions,
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9 Other word classes Saami as other
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9 Other word classes (21) inijmä i
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9 Other word classes The interjecti
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10 Derivational morphology tion ses
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10 Derivational morphology Two othe
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10 Derivational morphology (23) då
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10 Derivational morphology (37) tja
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10 Derivational morphology 10.2.2 T
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10 Derivational morphology the clas
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10 Derivational morphology (70) bah
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11 Phrase types There are five type
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11.1 Verb complex (1) vietja [vietj
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11.2 Nominal phrases (9) mån lev m
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11.2 Nominal phrases (16) dä dä i
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11.3 Adjectival phrases 11.2.1 NPs
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11.3 Adjectival phrases (30) mánn
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11.5 Postpositional phrases The exa
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12 Overview of the syntax of senten
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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12.2 Constituent order at clause le
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13 Basic clauses A basic clause is
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13.1 Declarative clauses (6) dát d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (15) motor
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13.1 Declarative clauses likely the
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13.1 Declarative clauses (28) dä d
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13.1 Declarative clauses (37) iv i-
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13.2 Interrogative clauses Alternat
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13.3 Clauses in the imperative mood
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13.4 Clauses in the potential mood
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14 Complex clauses (2) men ijtjin m
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14 Complex clauses (6) mån mån j
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14 Complex clauses (15) nä, mån n
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14 Complex clauses 14.2.3 Other sub
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14 Complex clauses (27) dä dä lin
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings T
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Appendix: Inventory of recordings n
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Bibliography Feist, Timothy. 2010.
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Bibliography Selkirk, Elisabeth. 19
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Name index Spiik, Nils Eric, 64, 71
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Subject index 183 strong grade, 75,
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Subject index trill, 55 typological
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A grammar of Pite Saami, 2014

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