Advanced Waterworks Mathematics, 2019a

More documents

Recommendations

Info

However, this can be simplified by using the following unit conversion. 1.6 in 1 gpm = min sqft 1.6 in/min 1 gpm/sqft or 1 gpm/sqft 1.6 in/min Example: Express 2.5 gpm/ft 2 as in/min. Use the unit conversion to solve this problem. 2 1.6 in/min 2.5 gpm/ft = 4 in/min 1 gpm/sqft Example: What is the filtration rate through a 20’ by 20’ filter if the average flow through the treatment process is 2.5 MG? Express the filtration rate as in/min. First, convert 2.5 MGD to gpm. To do this divide 2.5 MGD by 1,440. 2,500,000 gal 1 day day 1,440 min 1,736 gpm Next, calculate the surface area of the filter in square feet. 2 20 ft 20 ft 400 ft To calculate the filtration rate, substitute the values into the formula. Flow (gpm) Filtration Rate (gpm/ft 2 ) = Surface Area (ft 2 ) 1,736 gpm Filtration Rate (gpm/ft ) = = 4.32 gpm/ft 400 ft 2 2 2 Now use the unit conversion to calculate the filtration rate as inches per minute. 2 1.6 in/min Filtration Rate = 4.32 gpm/ft 1 gpm/sqft = 6.912 in/min 144 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathematics
Key Terms contact time – detention time; do not confuse contact time with concentration time detention time – time that allows large particles to settle out from the flow of water through gravity filtration –the last barrier between the treatment process and the customer; filters trap or remove particles from the water further reducing the cloudiness or turbidity; conventional filtrate plants require large areas of land to construct sedimentation basins and employ detention time process; the direct filtration process eliminates sedimentation to have a shorter run time, use less land, and requires more frequent backwashing to clean the filters. 145 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathematics
Page 1 and 2:
1 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathematic
Page 3 and 4:
Acknowledgements College of the Can
Page 5 and 6:
Unit 10 201 10.1 Horsepower and Eff
Page 7 and 8:
Multiple units may need to be conve
Page 9 and 10:
Practice Problems 1.1a Show how eac
Page 11 and 12:
Word problems may involve unit conv
Page 13 and 14:
6. A pipe flows at a rate of 6.3 cf
Page 15 and 16:
6. A well flows at a rate of 1,250
Page 17 and 18:
Well 2: Total Flow in MGD 1,000 gal
Page 19 and 20:
Practice Problems 1.2 1. A water ut
Page 21 and 22:
3. A water utility has 12,300 servi
Page 23 and 24:
The shape of a tank is often a cyli
Page 25 and 26:
Circles A circle is a round figure
Page 27 and 28:
Example: What is the area of an 813
Page 29 and 30:
Trapezoids Trapezoids are four-side
Page 31 and 32:
Figure 2.9 9 Circumference of a Cir
Page 33 and 34:
The formula for the area of a spher
Page 35 and 36:
Example: What is the entire interio
Page 37 and 38:
Practice Problems 2.1 1. What is th
Page 39 and 40:
8. What is the entire interior surf
Page 41 and 42:
5. A standpipe needs to be painted.
Page 43 and 44:
Then, calculate the volume of the t
Page 45 and 46:
2 1 2 Trapezoidal Prism = H L 8.5
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Exercise 2.2 1. What is the volume
Page 51 and 52:
2.3 AREA AND VOLUME WORD PROBLEMS W
Page 53 and 54:
Figure 2.20 19 Step 4: Put the info
Page 55 and 56:
Step 3: Make a sketch to clarify th
Page 57 and 58:
Figure 2.22 21 When looking at a pr
Page 59 and 60:
Calculate the volume of the cylinde
Page 61 and 62:
4. A water tank truck delivered 30
Page 63 and 64:
Exercise 2.3 1. A water utility ope
Page 65 and 66:
6. A private contractor needs water
Page 67 and 68:
2.4 FLOW RATE Flow rate is the meas
Page 69 and 70:
Key Terms circumference - the dist
Page 71 and 72:
4. What is the diameter of a pipe t
Page 73 and 74:
4. What is the diameter of a pipe t
Page 75 and 76:
Substance Specific Gravity Weight C
Page 77 and 78:
5. The specific gravity of 25% Alum
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
To convert between a percentage and
Page 83 and 84:
And now we are moving to the row fo
Page 85 and 86:
Practice Problems 3.2 1. An 87.5% c
Page 87 and 88:
Exercise 3.2 Solve the following pr
Page 89 and 90:
3.3 MIXING AND DILUTING SOLUTIONS T
Page 91 and 92:
Total Volume of the new solution is
Page 93 and 94: 3. A chlorine storage tank that is
Page 95 and 96: 3. A chlorine storage tank that is
Page 97 and 98: The following charts or Pie Wheels
Page 99 and 100: At only a 10% concentration, you wi
Page 101 and 102: Now the question is asking how many
Page 103 and 104: Key Terms chlorine demand - the
Page 105 and 106: 3. How many pounds of 24.5% sodium
Page 107 and 108: 7. A water treatment operator adjus
Page 109 and 110: 11. An operator added 422 gallons o
Page 111 and 112: 3. How many pounds of 12.5% sodium
Page 113 and 114: 7. A water treatment operator adjus
Page 115 and 116: 11. An operator added 275 gallons o
Page 117 and 118: Weirs can either be sharp-crested o
Page 119 and 120: Weir Overflow Rate (gpm/ft) = ? gpm
Page 121 and 122: Key Terms weir - an overflow stru
Page 123 and 124: 5. A treatment plant processes 8.4
Page 125 and 126: 5. A treatment plant processes 15 M
Page 127 and 128: UNIT 6 6.1 DETENTION TIME Detention
Page 129 and 130: D = t Volume Flow gallons million
Page 131 and 132: Rearranging the terms in the detent
Page 133 and 134: 3. A water utility engineer is desi
Page 135 and 136: 7. A 70-foot diameter, 35-foot-deep
Page 137 and 138: 3. A water utility engineer is desi
Page 139 and 140: 7. The chlorine residual decay rate
Page 141 and 142: 11. A circular clarifier processes
Page 143: Although filtration rates are commo
Page 147 and 148: 4. A water treatment plant processe
Page 149 and 150: Exercise 6.2 1. A water treatment p
Page 151 and 152: 7. An Engineer is designing a circu
Page 153 and 154: Pin It! Misconception Alert Sometim
Page 155 and 156: Next, there are two crucial terms t
Page 157 and 158: Finding the Correct CT Table Typica
Page 159 and 160: and resulting disinfection inactiva
Page 161 and 162: plant maintains a chloraminated res
Page 163 and 164: Practice Problems 7.1 1. What is th
Page 165 and 166: 5. A conventional water treatment p
Page 167 and 168: 7. A direct filtration plant is ope
Page 169 and 170: 4. A conventional water treatment p
Page 171 and 172: 6. A direct filtration water treatm
Page 173 and 174: UNIT 8 8.1 PRESSURE Pressure is the
Page 175 and 176: From this example, it is clear that
Page 177 and 178: Practice Problems 8.1 1. What is th
Page 179 and 180: 5. Two houses are served by a nearb
Page 181 and 182: Exercise 8.1 Solve the following pr
Page 183 and 184: 8.2 HEAD LOSS As water travels thro
Page 185 and 186: Friction will need to be added at t
Page 187 and 188: 3. A well located at 200 feet above
Page 189 and 190: Exercise 8.2 Solve the following pr
Page 191 and 192: UNIT 9 9.1 WELL YIELD, SPECIFIC CAP
Page 193 and 194: Cone of Depression The triangular s
Page 195 and 196:
Practice Problems 9.1 1. A well has
Page 197 and 198:
7. A well has a specific capacity o
Page 199 and 200:
4. A well has an hour meter attache
Page 201 and 202:
UNIT 10 10.1 HORSEPOWER AND EFFICIE
Page 203 and 204:
The above equation is used to calcu
Page 205 and 206:
Practice Problems 10.1 1. What is t
Page 207 and 208:
Exercise 10.1 Calculate the require
Page 209 and 210:
10.2 HEAD LOSS AND HORSEPOWER As di
Page 211 and 212:
Practice Problems 10.2 1. A well is
Page 213 and 214:
Exercise 10.2 Calculate the followi
Page 215 and 216:
10.3 CALCULATING POWER COSTS It is
Page 217 and 218:
93.25 kW $ 0.088 8.33 hr $ 68.35
Page 219 and 220:
Practice Problems 10.3 1. A well fl
Page 221 and 222:
4. A well draws water from an aquif
Page 223 and 224:
7. Complete the table below based o
Page 225 and 226:
Exercise 10.3 Solve the following p
Page 227 and 228:
4. A well draws water from an aquif
Page 229 and 230:
7. Complete the table below based o
Page 231 and 232:
UNIT 11 11.1 PER CAPITA WATER USE A
Page 233 and 234:
That’s a lot of gallons. This is
Page 235 and 236:
Green Building Code) has resulted i
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
7. A water district has a goal of 1
Page 241 and 242:
4. How much water would a family of
Page 243 and 244:
UNIT 12 12.1 BLENDING AND DILUTING
Page 245 and 246:
To determine the percentage of Sour
Page 247 and 248:
Practice Problems 12.1 1. A well ha
Page 249 and 250:
5. Two wells need to achieve a dail
Page 251 and 252:
3. A well with a PCE level of 7.5 u
Page 253 and 254:
UNIT 13 13.1 SCADA AND THE USE OF M
Page 255 and 256:
ottom to what is referred to as the
Page 257 and 258:
mA (reading) - mA (offset) = percen
Page 259 and 260:
4. A water tank is 52 ft tall and h
Page 261 and 262:
8. A chemical injection system is m
Page 263 and 264:
4. A water tank is 45 ft tall and h
Page 265 and 266:
8. A chemical injection system is m
Page 267 and 268:
mean extra funds to pay for securit
Page 269 and 270:
Per the table, the total annual bud
Page 271 and 272:
Pumps and Motors: $72,000 x% $6,2
Page 273 and 274:
Variable Costs Reason 273 | A dvanc
Page 275 and 276:
Practice Problems 14.1 1. A utility
Page 277 and 278:
3. A utility has annual operating e
Page 279 and 280:
7. A small water company has a tota
Page 281 and 282:
2. A pump that has been in operatio
Page 283 and 284:
5. A 250 hp well operates 9 hours a
Page 285 and 286:
PRACTICE PROBLEM SOLUTIONS Practice
Page 287 and 288:
3.1 cf 3,600 sec 10 hr 7.48 gal 30
Page 289 and 290:
1,346,400 gal 1 AF 365 day day 3
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Practice Problems 2.3 1. A water ut
Page 297 and 298:
3 22 ft 217,800.13 ft = depth ft
Page 299 and 300:
Q (cfs) 3.18 cfs A (ft ) = = = 1.17
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
To convert ppb to ppm, you divide p
Page 305 and 306:
Practice Problems 3.3 1. How many g
Page 307 and 308:
Practice Problems 4.1 1. How many g
Page 309 and 310:
6.35 MG 8.34 lbs 2,914.5 lbs ppm
Page 311 and 312:
8. A water utility produced 6,000 A
Page 313 and 314:
72,327.816 lbs 72,327.816 lbs 72,32
Page 315 and 316:
Weir Length (ft) = 4,791.67 gpm 41
Page 317 and 318:
quality objectives of a certain tre
Page 319 and 320:
12 MG 1,000,000 gal 1 day 1 hour
Page 321 and 322:
8. A circular clarifier processes 9
Page 323 and 324:
4. A water treatment plant processe
Page 325 and 326:
4,700,000 gal 1 day ? min = 1,554.
Page 327 and 328:
4. A conventional water treatment p
Page 329 and 330:
Now look at Table C-7 Inactivation
Page 331 and 332:
500 mg/L min CT is required. Locati
Page 333 and 334:
Location and Type of Disinfection T
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
2 2 D = 0.33121019 ft 12 in D = 0.5
Page 339 and 340:
5. A water utility has two differen
Page 341 and 342:
gpm Specific Capacity = ft 717.5 gp
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
3. A well with pumps located 46 ft
Page 347 and 348:
(630 gpm)(130 ft) 65 hp = (3,960)(?
Page 349 and 350:
electrical rate of $0.111 per kW-Hr
Page 351 and 352:
(flow rate in gallons per minute)(t
Page 353 and 354:
2 flushes per family member 6 famil
Page 355 and 356:
Practice Problems 12.1 1. A well ha
Page 357 and 358:
-137.5 mg/L ? mg/L = = 275 mg/L - (
Page 359 and 360:
Practice Problems 13.1 1. A 4-20 mA
Page 361 and 362:
7. A water utility uses a 4-20 mA s
Page 363 and 364:
NEW PUMP: (450 gpm)(65 ft) Motor hp
Page 365 and 366:
Total operational cost per year. $2
Page 367 and 368:
CT TABLES APPENDIX 367 | A dvanced
Page 369 and 370:
69 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathemati
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
381 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathemat
Page 383 and 384:
383 | A dvanced Waterworks Mathemat
show all

Advanced Waterworks Mathematics, 2019a

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?