how to play chess endgames book

6 Weaknesses
Try to saddle your opponent with the sort of
pawn-formation that will give him problems.
ARON NJMZOWTTSCH
A weakness is a defect in the position which is
of a long-term nature. As a rule, weaknesses
consist of squares, pawns or whole complexes
of squares which can no longer be defended by
their own pawns. However, the opponent must,
at least in the long term, be in a position to take
advantage of the weakness; otherwise the term
is inappropriate. But you should not fool yourself:
it is not enough for you just to follow an
active plan, to which the opponent must keep
reacting, with the result that your weakness is
not directly noticeable at first. As soon as the
initiative runs out and the dynamic possibilities
diminish, any static weakness generally becomes
all the more significant.
A) Pawn- and Square-
Weaknesses
Al) Pawn Weaknesses
Ala) Isolated Pawns
A pawn on a half-open file with no friendly
pawns on the two neighbouring files is called
an isolated pawn. Since such a pawn always
needs the protection of pieces, it tends to become
a weakness, and especially quickly in the
endgame. In the following example, first White
prevents any counterplay and then he takes aim
at the black pawn weaknesses one by one, especially
the isolated c-pawn, condemning the
black pieces to passivity:
1 'fl.cl cS 2 'i!:i>e3 'i!:i>f7 3 'll.c4 X!d7 4 l1a4 hS 5
na6'll.c7
5 ... c4 6 'll.c6'll.d3+ 7 @e4 'll.xh3 8 lt:ld4 'll.h2 9
'll.c7+ ~e8 10 loxe6 +-
.. •.• ,.
~--~---
-
~
•
~
R r~ •
w ~J ...... .,.­, .....,.,
••• .. -
~ ~
~
~~
~­ ·lb= '"'1 ~. i
~~."'---~~.
=~L __ • ~ ~
6.01
Ki.Georgiev - l.lvanlsevle
Topola 2004
6 lt:lc3 c4 7 lt:lbS 'll.d7
7 ... l!b7 8 a4 +-.
8'i!:i>e4!
Black can no longer hold his weak pawn.
8 ....tcs 9 'll.c6 a6 10 lZ\d6+ .txd6 11 exd6
@f612 'i!:i>d4a5
12 ... 'i!:i>fS 13 @xc4 @xf4 14 'i!:i>c5 e5 15 'll.c7
'l1d8 16 d7 e4 17 'i!:i>d6 +-.
13 'i!:i>xc4 'll.b714 'll.c81-0
By the way, it is absolutely typical that positions
with many pawn weaknesses are particularly
suitable for knights, since in that case they
have more secure bases and can frequently gain
the upper hand, at least if the opponent has few
or no dynamic possibilities available. However,
with an unweakened structure, the side with
the bishop can operate more easily against the
knight, as, for example, in 9.0 I Englisch-Steinitz.
Further examples of a weak isolated pawn
in the endgame, as well as the techniques of
blockade and siege, are 4.29 Fischer-Petrosian
and I 7 .09 Rublevsky-L utier,