Safety Considerations Guide for Trident v2 Systems - TUV ...

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4 Chapter 1 Safety Concepts SIS Factors SIL Factors According to the ANSI/ISA S84.01 and IEC 61508 standards, the scope of an SIS is restricted to the instrumentation or controls that are responsible for bringing a process to a safe state in the event of a failure. The availability of an SIS is dependent upon: • Failure rates and modes of components • Installed instrumentation • Redundancy • Voting • Diagnostic coverage • Testing frequency An SIL can be considered a statistical representation of the availability of a safety function at the time of a process demand. A process demand is defined as the occurrence of a process deviation that causes a safety function to transition a process to a safe state. An SIL is the litmus test of acceptable safety function design and includes the following factors: • Device integrity • Diagnostics • Systematic and common cause failures • Testing • Operation • Maintenance In modern applications, a programmable electronic system (PES) is used as the core of an SIS. The Trident controller is a state-of-the-art PES optimized for safety-critical applications. Safety Considerations Guide for Trident v2 Systems
Hazard and Risk Analysis Hazard and Risk Analysis 5 In the United States, OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) and EPA Risk Management Program (RMP) regulations dictate that a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) be used to identify potential hazards in the operation of a chemical process and to determine the protective measures necessary to protect workers, the community, and the environment. The scope of a PHA may range from a very simple screening analysis to a complex hazard and operability study (HAZOP). A HAZOP is a systematic, methodical examination of a process design that uses a multidisciplinary team to identify hazards or operability problems that could result in an accident. A HAZOP provides a prioritized basis for the implementation of risk mitigation strategies, such as SISs or ESDs. If a PHA determines that the mechanical integrity of a process and the process control are insufficient to mitigate the potential hazard, an SIS is required. An SIS consists of the instrumentation or controls that are installed for the purpose of mitigating a hazard or bringing a process to a safe state in the event of a process disruption. A compliant program incorporates “good engineering practice.” This means that the program follows the codes and standards published by such organizations as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Petroleum Institute, American National Standards Institute, National Fire Protection Association, American Society for Testing and Materials, and National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors. Other countries have similar requirements. Safety Integrity Levels This figure shows the relationship of DIN V 19250 classes and SILs (safety integrity levels). R I S K R E D U C T I O N 99.999 99.99 99.90 99.00 90.00 Percent Availability 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 PFD avg Risk Measures >10,000 10,000– 1,000 1,000– 100 100– 10 RRF Figure 2 Standards and Risk Measures SIL 3 SIL 4 SIL 3 SIL 2 SIL 2 SIL 1 ANSI/ISA S84.01 SIL 1 IEC 61508 Risk Standards Safety Considerations Guide for Trident v2 Systems
Page 1 and 2: Trident v2 Systems Safety Considera
Page 3 and 4: Contents Preface vii Summary of Sec
Page 5 and 6: Contents v Partitioned Processes. .
Page 7 and 8: Preface This guide provides informa
Page 9 and 10: • All other requests are handled
Page 11 and 12: 1 Safety Concepts Overview 2 Hazard
Page 13: Protection Layers Methods that prov
Page 17 and 18: Sample SIL Calculation Hazard and R
Page 19 and 20: Safety Life Cycle Model Hazard and
Page 21 and 22: Hazard and Risk Analysis 11 • Eac
Page 23 and 24: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04 Safety
Page 25 and 26: 2 Application Guidelines Overview 1
Page 27 and 28: General Guidelines This section des
Page 29 and 30: General Guidelines 19 Safety Measur
Page 31 and 32: Emergency Shutdown Systems The safe
Page 33 and 34: Safety-Shutdown Guidelines for Tric
Page 35 and 36: Guidelines for Triconex Controllers
Page 43 and 44: 3 Fault Management Overview 34 Syst
Page 45 and 46: System Diagnostics System Diagnosti
Page 47 and 48: Operating Modes Each input or outpu
Page 49 and 50: Analog Output (AO) Modules Module D
Page 51 and 52: Calculation for Diagnostic Fault Re
Page 53 and 54: External Communication Module Diagn
Page 55 and 56: 4 Application Development Developme
Page 57 and 58: Array Index Errors Infinite Loops D
Page 59 and 60: Setting Scan Time 49 application. T
Page 61 and 62: Sample Safety-Shutdown Programs Sam
Page 63 and 64: Sample Safety-Shutdown Programs 53
Page 65 and 66:
When Some I/O Modules Are Safety-Cr
Page 67 and 68:
Sample Safety-Shutdown Programs 57
Page 69 and 70:
Partitioned Processes Sample Safety
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Alarm Usage Alarm Usage 61 To imple
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A Triconex Peer-to-Peer Communicati
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Data Transfer Time Data Transfer Ti
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Data Transfer Time 67 A typical dat
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Examples of Peer-to-Peer Applicatio
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B HART Communication Overview 72 HA
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2008-04-01 Automation, Software and
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2008-04-01 HART Position Paper from
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2008-04-01 A possible impact to the
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2008-04-01 HART Position Paper from
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C Safety-Critical Function Blocks O
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SYS_CRITICAL_IO Accumulates the sta
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Library Trident and Tri-GP (TRDLIB)
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END_IF ; PREVIOUS_RESET := RESET ;
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Output Parameters (continued) Name
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SYS_SHUTDOWN 91 * the safety system
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ALARM_DISABLED_POINTS := MPX.POINTS
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Example For shutdown examples, see
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A abbreviations, list of viii actua
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message errors, external communicat
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Invensys Operations Management 5601
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