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R. Vaughan Williams - Sir John in Love

This four-act comic opera celebrating Shakespeares Sir John Falstaff was given it first professional performance in 1946. The libretto, written by the composer, is based on The Merry Wives of Windsor and interpolates texts by contemporaries of Shakespeare such as Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and Thomas Campion. The work contains English folksong material and fine examples of the composers orchestral lyricism and dramatic flair. Music from the opera was later adapted to form the cantata In Windsor Forest and the Fantasia on Greensleeves. For this comprehensive new edition, the editor (and conductor) David Lloyd-Jones has drawn on all available sources, providing an authoritative full score with critical commentary. The performance materials are newly-engraved.

This four-act comic opera celebrating Shakespeares Sir John Falstaff was given it first professional performance in 1946. The libretto, written by the composer, is based on The Merry Wives of Windsor and interpolates texts by contemporaries of Shakespeare such as Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and Thomas Campion. The work contains English folksong material and fine examples of the composers orchestral lyricism and dramatic flair. Music from the opera was later adapted to form the cantata In Windsor Forest and the Fantasia on Greensleeves.
For this comprehensive new edition, the editor (and conductor) David Lloyd-Jones has drawn on all available sources, providing an authoritative full score with critical commentary. The performance materials are newly-engraved.

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?<br />

bœ<br />

{<br />

q = q<br />

œ<br />

&<br />

œ œ ‰ Ó &<br />

281/546 Fals., nn. 2, 3: <strong>in</strong> aut and msfs both are G, but<br />

these have been altered to F <strong>in</strong> vs<br />

?<br />

œbœ<br />

œ œ ˙ œ ‰ Œ<br />

282/551 Tutti: after this bar <strong>in</strong> aut and msfs there is a<br />

five-bar cut (a repetition of bb. 503–7), which<br />

was made so late that it caused a large blank <strong>in</strong><br />

later copies of vs with the note ‘Composer’s<br />

cut’<br />

288/580 Vcl., nn. 3, 4: the rhythm has been altered<br />

from even crotchets to conform<br />

To<br />

with the<br />

read<strong>in</strong>g of Vla. and vs<br />

?<br />

289/584 Tempo: bAnimato œ œadded œ to aut by RVW,<br />

possibly<br />

{<br />

suggest<strong>in</strong>g q = q one <strong>in</strong> a bar<br />

292/599ff Ford: here œ RVW seems to have made an<br />

unfortunate &<br />

œ œ ‰ Ó<br />

shorten<strong>in</strong>g of the text & of MWW.<br />

In F, Ford says, ‘She dwells so securely on the<br />

excellency of her honour that the folly of my<br />

soul dares not present itself. She is too bright,’<br />

?<br />

etc.<br />

295/615 Tempo: Moderato <strong>in</strong> aut, msfs, and vs; RVW<br />

has altered msfs to Allegro moderato<br />

297/625 Tempo: <strong>in</strong> msfs, MS has added ‘Meno’ with<br />

‘Tempo’ <strong>in</strong> b. 626<br />

299/634 Fals.: the quaver rest, present <strong>in</strong> aut and msfs,<br />

is miss<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> vs<br />

301/644 Fals., n. 3: F# <strong>in</strong> vs<br />

301/648 Tempo: ritard. added to msfs by RVW and MS<br />

302/650 Tempo: Andante con moto <strong>in</strong> aut and vs but<br />

Allegretto added to msfs by RVW, aga<strong>in</strong> possibly<br />

suggest<strong>in</strong>g one <strong>in</strong> a bar<br />

305/687 Ford, n. 2: F <strong>in</strong> vs<br />

309/712ff Host: <strong>in</strong> vs, this and later l<strong>in</strong>es were first given<br />

to Bardolph, with ‘bully’ changed to ‘master’.<br />

This was clearly due to the matter of cast<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><br />

the orig<strong>in</strong>al RCM production, for Bardolph, as<br />

already said, now a tapster at the Garter Inn,<br />

should not be play<strong>in</strong>g a role <strong>in</strong> this concerted<br />

plot to ‘kill de Jack priest’. Restored to the<br />

Host, as <strong>in</strong> the orig<strong>in</strong>al pages of aut, with his<br />

characteristic text, until the end of the act.<br />

313/736 Host: <strong>in</strong> sources ‘thou hast’, but this is a<br />

question, and the ‘hast thou’ of MWW has<br />

been preferred<br />

313/737 Host: ‘<strong>Sir</strong> <strong>John</strong>’ pencilled <strong>in</strong>to msfs by RVW<br />

316–20/ Tutti: this section, roughly sketched <strong>in</strong> aut,<br />

751–78 has been recopied <strong>in</strong> msfs by RD, who has<br />

<strong>in</strong>troduced certa<strong>in</strong> small revisions<br />

320/776–9 S.D.: <strong>in</strong> aut, RVW has revised the rhythm of<br />

the S.D. to agree with the s<strong>in</strong>gers, w-w<strong>in</strong>d, and<br />

horns. For some reason, this did not get <strong>in</strong>to<br />

RD’s recopy<strong>in</strong>g of this page <strong>in</strong> msfs.<br />

320/793 Vln. I, II, n. 1: fp cresc. <strong>in</strong> vs<br />

œ œ œ ‰ Ó<br />

Act III<br />

Scene I (Interlude)<br />

˙ œ j ‰ U ˙ œ j ‰ ˙ œ j ‰ Œ Œ<br />

taken from <strong>in</strong>t<br />

b œ œ ˙ œ j ‰ Œ U<br />

œ œ œ ‰ Ó<br />

346/135–6 Vln. I, II:<br />

346/136 Tutti: at the end of this bar, a conductor<br />

(Robert Percival?) has noted <strong>in</strong> msfs ‘Comma’,<br />

and made a two-stroke break<br />

347/137 Anne: <strong>in</strong> msfs a conductor (presumably<br />

Percival) has added ‘my father says’ after ‘Ah,<br />

m<strong>in</strong>e Host’, as <strong>in</strong> mww, though no notation is<br />

suggested. This is a sensible alteration, and is<br />

post <strong>in</strong>t.<br />

382/355 Tempo: the later addition of moderato to<br />

the orig<strong>in</strong>al Allegro probably <strong>in</strong>validates the<br />

metronome mark<br />

383/381 Vla., Vcl.: slur taken from <strong>in</strong>t<br />

387/400–01 Tutti:<br />

388/405 Tempo: <strong>in</strong> msfs the word pesante, which appears<br />

<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>t, has been crossed out<br />

389/407–8 Host: <strong>in</strong> aut and msfs, the words ‘I mun’ (also<br />

given <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>t), has been crossed out and replaced<br />

with ‘Thou shalt’ by the same conductor who<br />

wrote <strong>in</strong> b. 137; oup adopts<br />

390/416–17 Host: these bars are empty <strong>in</strong> aut. In msfs a<br />

conductor (Percival?) has added ‘Farewell’, and<br />

this is pr<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>t, though the Host cont<strong>in</strong>ues<br />

to s<strong>in</strong>g three bars later and is then directed to<br />

go off stage. It is suggested that ‘Farewell’ be<br />

ignored.<br />

˙ œ j ‰ U ˙ œ j ‰ ˙ œ j ‰ Œ Œ<br />

taken from <strong>in</strong>t<br />

Scene II<br />

394/10ff Evans: l<strong>in</strong>es taken from the metrical version of<br />

Psalm 137 by Sternhold and Higg<strong>in</strong>s<br />

397–8/24ff Evans: l<strong>in</strong>es taken from Marlowe’s song ‘Come<br />

live with me and be my love’<br />

401/37 Tempo: <strong>in</strong> msfs, MS has noted ‘Not too fast’<br />

419/108 Ford: <strong>in</strong> mww, ‘for it is as positive’; the ‘as’ is<br />

surely needed <strong>in</strong> this position<br />

423/122 Tempo: Allegro from vs; <strong>in</strong> aut and msfs Allegro<br />

moderato<br />

426–56/ Tutti: this 120-bar orchestral <strong>in</strong>terlude (longer<br />

133–253 <strong>in</strong> vs), written to allow for the elaborate<br />

scene change at the ill-equipped RCM theatre,<br />

gave RVW some trouble, and the occasion to<br />

experiment with repeats. Bars 150–229 were<br />

an <strong>in</strong>sert that was later cut, though they are<br />

reta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> vs.<br />

429/149 Tutti: follow<strong>in</strong>g this bar <strong>in</strong> vs, there are five<br />

modulat<strong>in</strong>g bars followed by 55 <strong>in</strong> Allegretto<br />

triple time. There is, however, a note which<br />

Perusal Score<br />

Not for Performance<br />

xii

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