Gabor - A Booklet of Maranao Language - Eng Ver 2

A BOOKLET

OF

MARANAO

LANGUAGE

A Compilation of Different Sources

Related to Maranao Language

(& Their History and Culture)

B Y :

D I A N A G A B O R

E N G - V E R 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Maranao History and Culture

II. Uniqueness of the Maranao Language

A. Phonology/Phonetics (sound system

B. Lexicon/Morphology (vocabulary)

C. Semantics (meaning)

D. Syntax (sentence)

III. Maranao Idioms / Idiomatic Expressions

(with English translation)

IV. Maranao Greetings/Body Parts/Days of the Week/Colors

(with English Translation)

V. Sample Maranao Dialogues on Daily Transactions

VI. Works Cited

The Native Origin of the word

"Maranao"

The name "Maranao" or "Meranaw" means "people of the lake" (lanaw or

ranaw means "lake" in Maranao language). This is in reference to Lake

Lanao, the ancestral homelands of the Maranao people.

HISTORY

The original endonym of the ancestral Maranao is believed to be "Iranun"

or "Iranoan." This group later diverged resulting in the modern Maguindanao

and the Iranun people (whose names can also be translated to "people of the

lake"), while the ancestral Iranuns who stayed at in Lake Lanao became known

as the Maranao. All three groups are still closely related and share similar

cultures. They speak mutually-intelligible Danao languages.

The Sultanates of Lanao in Mindanao, Philippines were founded in the 16th

century through the influence of Shariff Kabungsuan, who was enthroned as

first Sultan of Maguindanao in 1520. The Maranaos of Lanao were acquainted

with the sultanate system when Islam was introduced to the area by Muslim

missionaries and traders from the Middle East, Indian, and Malay regions who

propagated Islam to Sulu and Maguindanao.

Source: https://go.gale.com/ps/i.dop=AONE&u=googlescholar&id=GALE%7CA215686640&v=2.1&it=r&sid=AONE&asid=8df408a6

A N A O I S D I V I D E D I N T O T W O P A R T S : L A N A O D E L N O R T E A N D L A N A O

L

E L S U R . T H E M A R A N A O S I N H A B I T S A L O N G T H E C O A S T A L A R E A S O F

D

A N A O . T H E Y A R E A L S O I N C L U D E D I N T H E A R M M A N D I T S P R I N I C I P A L

L

I T Y I S M A R A W I C I T Y .

C

CULTURES AND TRADITIONS

According to the online article, "Peoples of the Philippines: Maranao," Maranao

people are basically inland agriculturalist, with some dry rice cultivations in the

hilly areas and intensive wet rice in the flood plains. Communities usually cluster

about a mosque and a torogan, a royal house belonging to the leading household

in the area, which also serves a political function.

The Maranao are widely distributed all over the country and economically are

associated with market trade. Wet rice cultivation is the basic mode of food

production, with some corn, sweet potato, coffee, cassava, and peanuts. Dry rice is

also cultivated. Fishing in the lake is also important although this has declined.

Maranaos are presumed to be the

last tribe who embraced Islam as

their religion. Colonizers fail to

seize the Maranaos due to their

strong resistance and violent

opposition to Christian influences

from the Spaniards. They were able

to retain their rich culture despite

all the colonizers who went

through their territories.

Actually, they are famously known for their ancient artifacts, wood carvings,

cultural dances, artworks, golden cultural attire and their distinctive cuisine.

Maranao culture has been known internationally due to its authenticity and

pulchritude. To this day, Maranaos uphold their culture despite the growing

technology and modernization of the world.

The texts about Maranao's culture and traditions are excerpt from Abad

Macabanding's journal article "Journal Writing Project A glimpse of Maranao

Culture."

One of their most popular

epics is the ancient

“Darangen,” which mainly

talks about the love story of

Prince Bantogen and Princess

Gandingan and is narrated

through singing. In 2005, this

was selected by UNESCO as

one of the masterpieces of

the Oral and Intangible

Heritage of Humanity.

Moreover, Sarimanok served as the

symbol of Maranaos. Built in certain

infrastructures and building, it is a

legendary bird of Maranao people

which symbolizes fortune and good

wealth. Sarimanok came from the

word “sari” which means garment and

“manok” meaning chicken.

Polygamy

Artworks

Most of the artworks of the Maranaos are

designed with “okir.” Famously known for

their artworks, okir is a flowing and

geometric design used by the Maranaos to

beautify their artworks. Mamandyang,

awang or dugout boat, torogan, and their

cultural attires were some of Maranao

artworks that have an okir-inspired

design.Torogan is an ancient house of the

Maranaos where the sulutan or datu lived.

Mamandyang is a long strip of cloth attached

around the corner of the house. Maranaos

are very particular in designing their

artworks. Their landap and malong, which

are tubelike cloths or skirts, are also

designed with okir. Even their cultural attires

are inspired and designed with okir.

Polygamy is one of the

traditions of Maranaos that is still

practiced upon to this day,

especially for Maranao males.

Polygamy is when a person

marries more than one wife or

husband. During the ancestral

times, Maranao leaders, those

who have royal blood, are usually

the people who used to adapt

polygamy. Due to their influence,

many Maranaosadapted

polygamy and it eventually

became a part of our culture.This

practiced probably because they

want to retain the pride of their

family, especially when the family

came from a royal and big family.

Okir

Cuisine

Palapa

Most of the Maranao dishes are spicy

because Maranaos like spicy foods.

Palapa is the main ingredient of their

dishes and it is a combination of different

spices like scallion bulbs, chili, and ginger.

Most of their dishes have coconut milk

and powderized turmeric on it, which

turns their victuals into yellowish color

that makes their food unique from other

cuisines. Popular dishes include piaparan

a manok (chicken with coconut meat),

bakas (tuna fish) and badak (jackfruit).

Cultural Dances

Maranaos have a lot of cultural

dances. Most of these cultural

dances were derived from their

ancient epic, the Darangen. One

of the most famous royal dances

of the Maranaos is the kasingkil

or singkil where the women step

in and out of the clipping or

clashing bamboos. It was derived

by the event in Darangen where

the princess was escaping the

rolling stones and clipping

bamboos that tonongs (evil

spirits) did to make fun of her.

Kasagayan is another ritual dance

of the men where it showcases

their preparation for the battle

with their swords.

Other Maranao dances include kakini-kini (Maranao women’s traditional way of

walking), kadsadoratan (a dance that shows graceful walking, turning and

balancing covering their faces), kanggarotaya (a dance that uses a knot to show

the strength of men) and kapmalo-malong (a cultural dance performed by men

and women showing the different ways to use malong).

Music

The native Maranao have a

fascinating culture that revolves

around kulintang music, a

specific type of gong music, that

can be found among both

Muslim and non-Muslim groups

of the Southern Philippines.

When playing the Kulintang, the Maranao will

always sit on chairs while other tribal groups

that play this instrument commonly sit on the

floor.

Almost every Maranao family specializes in

some form of art or craft that is part of the

traditional Maranao culture like woodcarving,

tapestry weaving, brass-making and the fine

art of silver and gold smithing.

The Kulintang, traditionally

considered a women's

instrument, is an ancient

instrumental form of music

composed on a row of

horizontally-laid gongs and is

played by striking the bosses of

the gongs with two wooden

beaters.

The

Uniqueness

of

Maranao

Language

MARANAO LANGUAGE

Maranao (Mëranaw) is an Austronesian language spoken by the

ethnolinguistic group of the same name, numbering just over a million

speakers in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the

southern island Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines. It is closely

related to the Iranun and Maguindanaon languages further south in

Mindanao, as well as to the Iranun of Sabah (called Ilanun in Malay).

Together with Iranun and Maguindanaon, Maranao is part of the Danao

subgroup of Greater Central Philippine languages.

Maranao was historically written in Arabic letters, which were known as

Batang Arab.

Source: https://omniglot.com/writing/maranao.htm

It is now written with Latin letters. Though there is no officially proclaimed

standard orthography, Maranao is more or less written phonetically as

influenced by Filipino. The following are the letters used in writing out

native words: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, NG, O, P, R, S, T, U, W, Y.

Unlike its sister language Maguindanaon, there is very little variation in the

Maranao language from one place to another. This is probably partially due

to the geography, as it was easy for the Maranao to stay in contact by boat

no matter where they were situated on the lake.

The most major written work in the Maranao language is the Qur’an

interpretation, finished in 1993 by a panel of respected Maranao scholars,

headed by the late Sheikh Abdul Aziz Guroalim Saromantang and also

including the late Sen. Ahmed Domocao Alonto and Imam Nashrodeen

Basman. A Maranao New Testament translation was also completed in

1981 under the supervision of foreign missionaries.

I. PHONOLOGY

The following Phonological Survey is taken from Mckaughan and

Macaraya's "A Maranao Dictionary."

The following symbols have been used for the Maranao alphabet: a, b, d,

e, h, i, k, q, 1, m, n, o, 2, r, s, t. Most of the consonants are pronounced

with their usual phonetic value. The q indicates the glottal stop, ng the velar

nasal, as in sing, and r a flap as in the later.

The vowelsounds, onthe other hand, are not to be quated with

English pronunciations. The letter a is usually pronounced as the a of

father (tabas, 'cut'), though it may sometimes be heard by the American as

the a of sofa. The letter i is usually pronounced as the i of machine (lima

'five', though in some positions it varies almost to the of e of met

(lamisagan 'table'). The o varies among the ui of suit, the oo of soot, and

the oa of boat (dato 'chief', solotan 'sultan'). The later is heard most often,

but the variation to the American ear is striking.

Source: https://www.facebook.com/Danao-Language-of-the-Moro-People-197683311141080

The e in Maranao is the pepet vowel for which the American has no

equivalent. It is technically a central mid to high vocoid and is

pronounced with the tongue in a higher position with some tension. It

resembles the u in the common rapid pronunciation of just (just).

The high vowels i and o occur as non-syllabic sounds, equal to the y and

w of American English when these vowels occur between other vowels

or non-adjacent to a consonant (aia 'this').

Below is the sound system of Maranao Lannguage including underlying

phonetic features from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranao_language.

VOWELS

Maranao has four vowel phonemes that can become more close or higher

when in certain environments (see hard consonants below).

CONSONANTS

Maranao has the following consonants:

Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranao_language

HARD CONSONANTS AND

VOWEL RISING

Vowels that follow the "heavy

consonants" /p, t, k, s/ are

raised in position.


There are four possible environments for that determine whether the

vowel will be raised or not:

1. Non-raising - /p t k s m n ŋ r w y/

2. Obligatory Raising - /p’ t’ k’ s’ (h)/

*Tohan is pronounced as [t̪ o.hɤn] instead of [to.han]

3. Optional Raising - /b d g/

*Evidenced by some younger speakers writing "gagaan" as

"gegaan".

4. Transparent - /l ʔ/ - the raising from the consonant before it will

"pass through" and affect the following vowel.

II. LEXICON OR MORPHOLOGY

This part of the booklet is taken from Johaira Ali Samsodden

Undergraduate Thesis : A Meranao Implementing String Matching

Algorithm."

CASE MARKERS

Maranao language has four case markers: Nominative, Ergative,

Oblique, and Genitive.

Nominative - relating to or denoting a case of nouns, pronouns,

and adjectives (as in Latin and other inflected languages) used for

the subject of a verb

Genitive - is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a

noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus,

indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun.

Oblique - A noun or pronoun in the oblique case can generally

appear in any role except as subject, for which the nominative case

is used (objective pronoun).

Ergative - used to refer to a verb that can be transitive (= used with

an object) or intransitive (= used without an object), with the object

of the transitive verb used as the subject of the intransitive verb.

Source: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/11145/1/11650108.pdf

PRONOUNS

Maranao pronouns change accordingly depending on grammatical

and formality use.


COMMON PARTICLES

There are two kinds of particles in Maranao Language: those which

add to the semantic content of the phrases in which they occur

such as, peman 'again', imanto 'now', den 'emphasis', di' 'no'; and

those which mark grammatical relations: a go 'and', ka 'because', so

as topic mark, o as source marker.

Determiners

The table below shows the determiners to be used on each

verb types in regard to the Actor, Object, Referent, and

Instrument context.


Plural Marker Manga

Like many other Philippine languages including Tagalog,

Maranao does not change the noun to make it plural; instead, it

simply adds the pluralizing manga before the noun.

Use of the linker a

Use of the Existential/Possessive Aden

Use of Negative Possessive Da

NOUNS

Word bases or even inflected words are substantial when they occur

after the particles so, o, sa, or ka, or their personalizing equivalents

si, i, and ki; that is they are translated as nouns.

VERBS

Maranao verbs are identified based on Voice, Mode, Aspect, and

Tenses. The following are the inflicted based on the grammatical

rules in Marana language use:

Voice:

Mode:

Active - om - (so phrase Actor); Objective -en;

Referential -an; Instrumental I-

Indicative (unmarked); Obligatory -a or -I;

Adaptive ka-; Causative paka-, paki-,

Adapative Causative kapaki

Aspect: Distributive pang-

Tenses: Past/Completed -iy-; Immediate Future

replacive æ; Present Progressive

pe- + immediate future;

Neutral (unmarked)

VERBAL PARADIGMS (CONJUGATIONS)

Verbal Paradigm Active Form


Verbal Paradigm Objective Form


Verbal Paradigm Instrumental Form


Verbal Paradigm Referential Form


VOCABULARY WORDS

The following vocabulary words (nouns, adjectives and verbs) are taken from

Almahdi G. Alonto, et. al's "Maranao Dialogs and Drills."

NOUNS

Common Names

Common Places

ADJECTIVES

Common Adjectives

VERBS

Common Verbs

Common Words

Below are common words found in Maranao sentences, their translations in

English, Cebuano, and Tagalog, and similar words in distant Philippine

languages taken from Wikipedia.org.


III. SEMANTICS

The following text about Maranao Syntax is from Mckaughan and Macaraya's

"A Maranao Dictionary."

Semantically descriptive words are adjectives (adj.). Words like 'small, big,

agile, disabled, shy, crooked, lazy, clumsy,' and the like. Often such words

are syntactically verbs in Maranao and occur as predicate adjectives in

English. Example: Baraba' so manga lima niyan. {clumsy determiner pluralmarker

hand his) 'His hands are clumsy.' In this sentence, baraba' describes

or characterizes 'his hands' and occurs in a syntactic verbal position (unaffixed).

We have chosen to designate baraba' an adjective in the dictionary

for semantic reasons.

Some examples of the semantic differences when the same Maranao word

is used as a noun, adjective or verb:

THE USE OF so AND i

Use of "so" at the Beginning of a Sentence

Use of "so" Within a Sentence

THE USE OF so AND i

Use of "i" in Questions

Use of "i" for the Topic of a Sentence

THE USE OF DISCOURSE PARTICLES

den, pen, bes, ba

"den" and "pen"

"pen" and "den"

"bes"

OTHER SEMANTIC PARTICLES

IV. SYNTAX

The following text about Maranao Syntax is from Mckaughan and

Macaraya's "A Maranao Dictionary."

There are a number of sentence types in Maranao. Examples are the single

word or phrase without a verb, such as those with exclamations: Di'

meaning 'No' in English; So wata' ‘It is a child." (English translation);' and the

equational sentence in which two items are equated, again without a verb:

So wata' na mama 'The child is a boy.'

On the other band, verbal predications must contain a verb with or without

attributives (noun phrases or the like). There are four predication types,

determined by the voice of the verb and the sequences of attributives

governed by the verb. Word order is not fixed. Usually, the verb stands

first and is followed by the actor, and then the other attributives.

The four types of verbal predication include active, objective, referential

and instrumental.

ACTIVE

The active sentences require a verb with active voice to indicate that the

action originates with the so-phrase: Tomabas so mama 'The man will cut'

Up to three substantive phrases may also occur with the verb: Tomabas (so

baebay) (sa dinis) (ko gelat) 'The woman will cut cloth with the knife. The

verb may also occur alone: Tomabas 'Someone will cut.'

OBJECTIVE

Objective predications require a verb with the objective voice marker,

indicating that the action is directed toward the so-phrase: Tabasen so dinis

'He cut the cloth.' The following noun phrases are possible (remembering

that the proper pronoun can substitute for any of them): a-phrase as actor,

so-phrase as subject (the object in this kind of sentence), ko-phrase as

definite or sa-phrase as indefinite instrument or indirect object: Tabasen o

baebay so dinis ko gelat. 'The cloth is what the woman cut with the knife' or

'The woman cut the cloth with the knife'; Tabasen o baebay so dinis sa gelat

'The woman cut the cloth with a knife.' Another example is: Sombali'in iran

ko lama' so karabaw (ObNG-butcher-it o-they ko-det lawn so-det carabao)

'They will butcher the carabao on the lawn.'

REFERENTIAL

The referential predication requires the referential voice in the verb

which indicates that the so-phrase is associated in the action as

beneficiary, location, or indirect recipient of the action. The possible

phrases, though again the verb may stand alone, are o-phrase as actor,

sa-phrase as object, so-phrase as subject and referent, and, if the

causative occurs, a ko-phrase as referent. An example is Paeldlana'an o

raga sa pamada so bok iyan ko ina' iyan (RIFC-put-on-oil o-det girl sa-det

pomade so-det hair o-her ko-det mother o-her) 'The girl will have her

mother oil her hair with pomade' or 'It is on her hair that the girl will

have her mother put the pomade.'

INSTRUMENTAL

The instrumental predications require the instrumental voice with the

central verb, indicating that the subject is indirectly involved in the

action, either as the cause of it or the instrument used to effect it:

/nitagalen iyan so gorok sa ldlid o mama (InstPG-pierce-with o-he so-det

dagger sa-det side o-det man) 'He pierced the man's side with the

dagger.'

TENSES

There are four tenses in Maranao: past, immediate future, present

progressive, and what we call neutral. The following are the grammar rulings

taken from Mckaughan and Macaraya's "A Maranao Dictionary."

PAST TENSE

An action that has been completed is indicated by the infix -i-. This

tense, the past, does not occur with the obligatory mode, but does

occur with all voices and aspects.

Example:

Maranao: T(i)abasen o mama. (cut-o-man)

English: The man cut (past) it.

IMMEDIATE FUTURE TENSE

The immediate future tense is marked by a replacive ae, indicating that

an action will happen in the immediate future and that the action is

certain.

Example:

Maranao: T(ae)basen o mama.

English: The man will cut it.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

The present progressive tense is indicated by a combination of the

prefix pe- and the immediate future. It indicates that an action is going

on at the time one is speaking.

Example:

Maranao: (Pe)t(ae)basen o mama.

English: The man is cutting it.

NEUTRAL

When tense markers are omitted, the verb is neutral as to time; it is not

past, will not happen immediately, and is not going on right now. It is

then translated as a general future or general present.

Example:

Maranao: Tabasen o mama so karatas.

English: The man will cut paper. or The man cuts paper.

This neutrality as to tense contrasts with the immediate future in that

the action is not sure to happen right away.

TOPIC POSITION SLOTS

1.

COMMON NOUN

Maranao: Pepemasa so mama sa seda.

English: The woman is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa so babay sa seda.

English: The man is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa so maistra sa seda.

English: The teacher is buying fish.

2. PERSONAL NAMES

Maranao: Pepemasa Akmad sa seda.

English: Akam is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa Lawan sa seda.

English: Lawan is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa siki Cairon sa seda.

English: Cairon and his friends are buying fish.

3. PRONOUNS

Maranao: Pepemasa ako sa seda.

English: I'm buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa sekaniyan sa seda.

English: You're buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa siran sa seda.

English: They're buying fish.

4. DEMONSTRATIVES/DEICTICS

Maranao: Pepemasa aya sa seda.

English: This one is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa so babay sa seda.

English: The man is buying fish.

Maranao: Pepemasa so maistra sa seda.

English: The teacher is buying fish.

POSSESSIVE (ASSOCIATE) POSITION SLOTS

1. COMMOUN NOUNS

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala o mama.

English: The man's clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala o babay.

English: The woman's clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala o wata.

English: The child's clothes are expensive.

2. PERSONAL NAMES

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala i Rocaina.

English: Rocaina's clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala i kisi Lawan.

English: Lawan and the others' clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala i Tearde and his friends.

English: Tearde and his friend's clothes are expensive.

3. PRONOUNS

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala aken.

English: My clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala aka.

English: Your clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala iran.

English: Their clothes are expensive.

4. DEMONSTRATIVES / DEICTICS

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala ini.

English: This clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala a nan.

English: That clothes are expensive.

Maranao: Mala i arga so bangkala oto.

English: That (far away) clothes are expensive.

REFERENT (LOCATIVE, BENEFICIARY)

POSITION SLOTS

1. COMMON NOUN

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa ustadz.

English: The fisherman went to the priest.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa siti.

English: The fisherman went to the city.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa munisipyo.

English: The fisherman went to the town hall.

2. PERSONAL NAMES

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda ki Mawiyag.

English: The fisherman went to the Mawiyag.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa kisi Lawan.

English: The fisherman went to the Lawan and family.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda si kisi Akmad.

English: The fisherman went to the Akman and the others.

3. PRONOUNS

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sii raken.

English: The fisherman went to the to me.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa reka.

English: The fisherman went to the to you (singular).

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda sa rekiran.

English: The fisherman went to the to them.

4. LOCATIVES / DEICTICS

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda saya.

English: The fisherman went to the here.

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda san.

English: The fisherman went to the there (near you).

Maranao: Somiyong so panginginseda roo.

English: The fisherman went to the there (far away).

VERBS AND TIME

1. Now

Maranao: Mbaling siran imanto.

English: They're going home now.

Maranao: Pemasa siran imanto.

English: They're buying (something) now.

Maranao: Petinda siran imanto.

English: They're now cooking now.

2. Progressive or Habitual Action

Maranao: Pembalin siran oman gawii.

English: They go home everyday.

Maranao: Pemasa siran oman gawii.

English: They buying (something) everyday.

Maranao: Petinda siran oman gawii.

English: They cook everyday.

3. Past or Completed Action

Maranao: Somiyong siran kagai.

English: They went there yesterday.

Maranao: Miyagalot siran kagai.

English: They cut hair yesterday.

Maranao: Mikemo/Milite' siran kagai.

English: They cooked (vegetables) yesterday.

4. Future Action

Maranao: Pesong roo mapita.

English: They will go there tomorrow.

Maranao: Pemasa siran roo mapita.

English: They will buy tomorrow.

Maranao: Paninindaan siran roo mapita.

English: They will cook tomorrow.

5. Recent Perfective

Maranao: Miyakasong siran roo den.

English: They've already gone there.

Maranao: Miyakabaling siran roo den.

English: They've already gone there.

Maranao: Miyakakan siran roo den.

English: They've already eaten.

6. Accidental or Unintentional

Maranao: Miyakaporot ako sa pirak sa lalan.

English: I happened to pick up some money on the road.

Maranao: Miyakailay ako sa pirak sa lalan.

English: I happened to see some money on the road.

Maranao: Miyakakowa ako sa pirak sa lalan.

English: I happened to get some money on the road.

VERBS AND ASPECT

THE OBJECT FOCUS

1.

Present/Progressive

Maranao: Pemasaan aken so sising.

English: I am buying the ring.

2. Past

Maranao: Piyamasa aken so sising.

English: I bought the ring.

3. Future

Maranao: Pemasaan aken so sising.

English: I will buy the ring.

4. Past/Perfective

Maranao: Miyapamasa aken den so sising.

English: I have already bought the ring.

5. Abilative

Maranao: Mapemasa aken pen so sising.

English: I can still buy the ring.

6. Command/Imperative

Maranao: Pamasaa ngka so sising.

English: Buy the ring.

VERBS AND ASPECT

THE INSTRUMENT FOCUS

1.

Present/Progressive

Maranao: Pepesaan aken so sising.

English: I am selling the ring.

2. Past

Maranao: Pipesa aken so sising.

English: I sold the ring.

3. Future

Maranao: Pepesaan aken so sising.

English: I will sell the ring.

4. Past/Perfective

Maranao: Miyapesa aken den so sising.

English: I have already sold the ring.

5. Abilative

Maranao: Mapepesa aken pen so sising.

English: I can still sell the ring.


Maranao: Pesaan ngka so sising.

English: Sell the ring.

VERBS AND ASPECT

THE REFERENT FOCUS

1.

Present/Progressive

Maranao: Pembayadan aken so sising.

English: I am paying for the ring.

2. Past

Maranao: Biyayadan aken so sising.

English: I paid for the ring.

3. Future

Maranao: Pembayadan aken so sising.

English: I will pay for the ring.

4. Past/Perfective

Maranao: Kiyabayadan aken den so sising.

English: I have already paid for the ring.

5. Abilative

Maranao: Keiketan aken pen so sising.

English: I can still pay for the ring.


Maranao: Bayadi ngka so sising.

English: Pay for the ring.

Example Sentences

(From McKaughan and Macaraya 1996)

1) Maranao: Patot a di’ ka manalipenda’an dapay o kena’

a ka pagari so tebangan.

English: It is proper for you not to neglect him even if it is not

your brother who needs help.

2) Maranao: Tomininda’ so manga baebay si’i ko pagapoyan.

English: The women cooked in the fireplace.

3) Maranao: Di’i ako iran paganta’an.

English: They are gossipping about me.

4) Maranao: Si’i gomegenek so mala’ a seda’ sa laod.

English: The big fish is living far from the shore.

5) Maranao: Saken i miyakailap ko pirak aken.

English: I myself lost my money.

6) Maranao: Balilisa ngka siran oto a manga rarata’ i ongar.

English: Beat those who are misbehaving.

7) Maranao: So taw a malowig na di’ paeka’awid sa mapened.

English: A weak person cannot carry something heavy.

8) Maranao: Aya antap iyan ko pirak iyan na dado.

English: He aims to use his money for a plow.

9) Maranao: Kamolo’a ngka a piyak anan ago ngka raken began.

English: Snatch that chick quickly and give it to me.

10) Maranao: Manginon ako den a kasasakitan ako na asar a di’

kasakitan so wata’ aken.

English: I will endure pain as long as my child does not suffer.

MARANAO IDIOMS &

IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS

IDIOMS OF TIME

1. Isako + Days of the Week

Maranao: Anda i kiyapakaoma ngka sa Marawi? Isako Isnin.

English: When did you arrive here in Marawi? Last Monday.

Maranao: Anda i kiyapakaoma ngka sa Marawi? Isako Arbaa.

English: When did you arrive here in Marawi? Last Friday.

Maranao: Anda i kiyapakaoma ngka sa Marawi? Isako Akad.

English: The fisherman went to the Last Sunday.

2. Manga as an Estimate of Past Time

Maranao: Antonaa oras i Riyasong ka sa sine?

Manga ala una.

English: What time did you go to the movie?

At around one o'clock.


Manga ala una i midiya.


At around one thirty.


Manga alas siti.


At around seven o'clock.

3. Manga + Months of the Year

Maranao: Anda i kambaling ka sa Amirika? Manga Rabiul Awal.

English: When will you return to Amirika? Around (next) May.

Maranao: Anda i kambaling ka sa Amirika? Manga Jamadil Akhir.

English: When will you return to Amirika? Around (next) June.

Maranao: Anda i kambaling ka sa Amirika? Manga Rajab.

English: When will you return to Amirika? Around (next) Rajab.

4. Isako + Year

Maranao: Anda i kiyabalingkas sa Amerika? Isako 2001.

English: When did you retrurn to America? In 2001.


English: When did you retrurn to America? In 2002.


English: When did you retrurn to America? In 2003..

5. Manga, Estimate of Future Time

Maranao: Antonaa oras i kangganat ka sa bario? Manga ala sais.

English: What time will you leave for the barrio? Around 6:00.

Maranao: Antonaa oras i kangganat ka sa bario? Manga alas otso.


Maranao: Antonaa oras i kangganat ka sa bario? Manga alas dosi.


IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS

To Speak A Language

Maranao: Makapaginglis ka bes!

English: Oh, you can speak English!

Maranao: Makambinisay ka bes!

English: Oh, you can speak Bisaya!

Maranao: Makape-Meranaw ka bes!

English: Oh, you can speak Maranao!

To Act Like An Animal

Maranao: Datar baboy so parangay ngka!

English: You are acting like a pig!

Maranao: Datar amo so parangay ngka!

English: You are acting like a monkey!

Maranao: Datar karabaw so parangay ngka!

English: You are acting like a carabao!

MARANAO'S COMMON WORDS &

EXPRESSIONS

Source: https://alibashersaidmangayao.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/learn-maranao-language/

MARANAO GREETINGS /ASKING FOR

PERSONAL INFORMATION /PARTS OF THE

BODY/ COLORS / DAYS OF THE WEEK

The reference for this part of the booklet is alibashersaidmangayao

website, specifically in the section "Learn Maranao Language."

GREETINGS

ASKING FOR PERSONAL INFORMATION

PARTS OF THE BODY

Source: https://www.facebook.com/Danao-Language-of-the-Moro-People-197683311141080

COLORS

DAYS OF THE WEEK

MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY

DIALOGS

The following dialogs are taken from Almahdi G. Alonto, et. al's "Maranao

Dialogs and Drills."

INTRODUCING ONESELF

MEETING A FRIEND

DIALOGS

INTRODUCING YOUR FAMILY

INTRODUCING A FRIEND TO YOUR SISTER

DIALOGS

ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS

TRAVELING AROUND MARAWI

DIALOGS

ASKING ABOUT PRICES

LOOKING FOR A BANK

DIALOGS

ENROLLING IN SCHOOL

ASKING FOR HELP

DIALOGS

BORROWING MONEY

BORROWING MONEY FROM A FRIEND

DIALOGS

BUYING FISH AT THE MARKET

NEGOTIATING A LOWER PRICE

Works Cited

Alonto, Almahdi G., et al. Maranao Dialogs and Drills. edited by Jason Lobel.

DunwoodyPress, 2009, https://www.livelingua.com/dli/Maranao/Maranao%20-

%20Master.pdf. Accessed 19 March 2021.

Kaufman, Daniel. “The Grammar of Clitics in Maranao.”

SIL.ORG, https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/13/07/70/1

30770395534694674649839873268234450496/20_Kaufman_McKaughan2010.p

df. Accessed 19 March 2021.

“Danao Language of the Moro People.” Facebook, uploaded on

June 22, 2019, https://www.facebook.com/Danao-Language-of-the-Moro-People-

197683311141080. Accessed 21 March 2021.

“Learning Maranao Language.” Alibashersaidmangayao Blog,

22 May 2016, https://alibashersaidmangayao.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/learnmaranao-language/.

Accessed 24 March 2021.

Lobel, Jason William, and Labi Hadji Sarip. "Maranao revisited: an overlooked

consonant contrast and its implications for lexicography and grammar." Oceanic

Linguistics, vol. 48. iss. 2, Dec 2009, https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?

p=AONE&u=googlescholar&id=GALE%7CA215686640&v=2.1&it=r&sid=AONE&asi

d=8df408a6. Accessed 24 March 2021.

Macabanding, Abad. “Journal Writing Project: A Glimpse of Maranao Culture.”

Fillmore County Journal: Where Local News Comes First, 20 Nov. 2017,

http://fillmorecountyjournal.com/journal-writing-project-a-glimpse-of-maranaoculture/.


McKaughan, Howard P. and Batua A. Macaray, editors. A Maranao Dictionary.

University of Hawaii Press, 1967, https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED013450.pdf.


“Peoples of the Philippines: Maranao.” GOV.PH, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-cultureand-arts/culture-profile/glimpses-peoples-of-the-philippines/maranao/.

Accessed

21 March 2021.

Samsodden, Johaira Ali. A Meranao Translator Implementing String Matching

Algorithm. 2018. Islamic State U, Undergraduate Dissertation. http://etheses.uinmalang.ac.id/11145/1/11650108.pdf.


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