YSDN 4005 Book Design - timeless by Sharyl Man

timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless
a cloud photobook by
SHARYL MAN

timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless

timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless
timeless

timeless
a cloud photobook by
SHARYL MAN

Contents
Copyright © 2020 Sharyl Man
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Designed and edited by Sharyl Man
Cover, High to Low Clouds Photography by Sharyl Man
Other Clouds Photography by Various Photographers
Published by YSDN Publishing
88 The Pond Rd.
North York, ON, CA
https://s harylmandesign.com
High Clouds 6
cirrus
cirrocumulus
cirrostratus
Middle Clouds 28
altocumulus
altostratus
Low Clouds 58
stratus
stratocumulus
nimbostratus
Other Clouds 88
cumulus
cumulonimbus
lenticular
kelvin-helmholtz
mammatus
orographic
contrail
Acknowledgements 119
About the Author 121
Bibliography 122

5 - 13 km (16,000 - 43,000 ft)
High
Clouds
Cirrus clouds are made of ice crystals and look like long, thin, wispy
white streamers high in the sky. They are commonly known as
“mare’s tails” because they are shaped like the tail of a horse. Cirrus
clouds are often seen during fair weather. But if they build up larger
over time and are followed by cirrostratus clouds, there may be a
warm front on the way.
Cirrocumulus clouds are small rounded puffs that usually appear in long
rows high in the sky. Cirrocumulus are usually white, but sometimes
appear gray. They are the same size or smaller than the width of
your pinky finger when you hold up your hand at arm’s length.
When these clouds cover a lot of the sky, they can look like the scales
of a fish, which is it is called a “mackerel sky.” Cirrocumulus are
common in winter and indicate fair, but cold, weather.
Cirrostratus clouds are high, sheet-like thin clouds that usually cover
the entire sky. The clouds are so thin that the Sun or Moon can
sometimes shine through and appear to have a halo as light hits the
ice crystals and bends. The halo is the width of your hand held at
arm’s length. Cirrostratus clouds usually come 12 to 24 hours before
a rain or snowstorm.
7

Cirrus
9

Cirrus
11

Cirrus
13

Cirrocumulus
15

Cirrocumulus
17

Cirrocumulus
19

Cirrostratus
21

Cirrostratus
23

Cirrostratus
25

Cirrostratus
27

2 - 7 km (7,000 - 23,000 ft)
Middle
Clouds
Altocumulus clouds are mid-level, grayish-white with one part darker
than the other. Altocumulus clouds usually form in groups and are
about 1 km thick. Altocumulus clouds are about as wide as your
thumb when you hold up your hand at arm’s length. If you see
altocumulus clouds on a warm, humid morning, there might be a
thunderstorm by late afternoon.
Altostratus clouds are mid-level, gray or blue-gray clouds that usually
cover the whole sky. The Sun or Moon may shine through an
altostratus cloud, but will appear watery or fuzzy. If you see
altostratus clouds, a storm with continuous rain or snow might be on
its way. Occasionally, rain falls from an altostratus cloud. If the rain
hits the ground, then the cloud has become a nimbostratus.
29

Altocumulus
31

Altocumulus
33

Altocumulus
35

Altocumulus
37

Altocumulus
39

Altocumulus
41

Altocumulus
43

Altostratus
45

Altostratus
47

Altostratus
49

Altostratus
51

Altostratus
53

Altostratus
55

Altostratus
57

Surface - 2 km (Surface - 7,000 ft)
Low
Clouds
Stratus clouds are low and have a uniform gray in colour and can cover
most or all of the sky. Stratus clouds can look like a fog that doesn’t
reach the ground. Light mist or drizzle is sometimes falling when
stratus clouds are in the sky.
Stratocumulus clouds are low, lumpy, and gray. Sometimes they line up
in rows and other times they spread out. Only light rain (usually
drizzle) falls from stratocumulus clouds. To distinguish between a
stratocumulus and an altocumulus cloud, point your hand toward
the cloud. If the cloud is about the size of your fist, then it is a
stratocumulus cloud.
Nimbostratus clouds are dark gray, have ragged bases and sit low in the
sky. Nimbostratus clouds are associated with continuous rain or snow.
Sometimes they cover the whole sky and you can’t see the edges of
the cloud.
59

Stratus
61

Stratus
63

Stratus
65

Stratus
67

Stratocumulus
69

Stratocumulus
71

Stratocumulus
73

Stratocumulus
75

Stratocumulus
77

Nimbostratus
79

Nimbostratus
81

Nimbostratus
83

Nimbostratus
85

Nimbostratus
87

Other
Clouds
CLOUDS WITH VERTICAL GROWTH: Cumulus, Cumulonimbus
• Surface - 13 km (Surface - 43,000 ft)
• Clouds that grow up instead of spreading out across the sky
UNUSUAL CLOUDS: Lenticular, Kelvin-Helmholtz, Mammatus
• Clouds that form in unique ways and aren’t grouped by height
OTHERS: Orographic, Contrail
89

Cumulus
Cumulus clouds are puffy white or light gray
clouds that look like floating cotton balls.
Cumulus clouds have sharp outlines and a
flat base at a height of 1000 m. They are
generally about 1 km wide which is about
the size of your fist or larger when you hold
up your hand at arm’s length to look at the
cloud. Cumulus clouds can be associated
with fair or stormy weather. Watch for rain
showers when the cloud’s tops look like
cauliflower heads.
ScienceStruck
DENNISAXER Photography
Kris/Kables
91

Cumulus
Kim Namjoon
93

Cumulonimbus
Cumulonimbus clouds can
grow up to 10 km high.
At this height, high winds
will flatten the top of the
cloud out into an anvil-like
shape. Cumulonimbus
clouds are thunderstorm
clouds and are associated
with heavy rain, snow,
hail, lightning, and
sometimes tornadoes.
Fir0002/Flagstaffotos
Universe Today
95

Cumulonimbus
TyeDyeTwins
Pate Young
97

Lenticular
Lenticular/Lee wave clouds form downwind of
an obstacle in the path of a strong air current.
Wind blows most types of clouds across the
sky but lenticular clouds seem to stay in one
place. Air moves up and over a mountain,
with the lenticular cloud forming just past
the mountaintop. The cloud evaporates on
the downwind side so it appears stationary
even though air is moving through the cloud.
Lenticular clouds are lens-shaped and often
look like flying saucers.
Bernard Durand
Richard H. Hahn
99

Lenticular
Rick Scott
Omnisource5
David Collier
101

Kelvin-Helmholtz
Kathleen Kirpach
Kelvin-Helmholtz clouds look like breaking
waves in the ocean. After wind blows up
and over a barrier, like a mountain, the air
continues flowing through the atmosphere in
a wavelike pattern. Complex evaporation and
condensation patterns create the capped tops
and cloudless troughs of the waves. These
clouds form when there is a difference in the
wind speed or direction between two wind
currents in the atmosphere.
Erik Andersson
103

Kelvin-Helmholtz
June Grønseth
Steven Sandner
105

Mammatus
Mammatus clouds are pouches of clouds
that hang underneath the base of a cloud.
They are most often associated with
cumulonimbus clouds that produce very
strong storms. These clouds usually form
during warm months, and are formed by
descending air in the cloud. Mammatus
clouds are sometimes described as looking
like a field of tennis balls or melons, or like
female human breasts. In fact, the name
“mammatus” comes from the Latin word
mamma, or breast.
James Stirling
107

Mammatus
Matt Roberts
Bill Hader Sr.
109

Orographic
Orographic clouds are clouds that develop in
response to the forced lifting of air by the
Earth’s topography. Orographic clouds
are often in contact with the ground at
the hill top. These clouds often do not
produce precipitation, but larger systems
may produce drizzle. Heavier rain is
generally due to thicker clouds above.
Orographic clouds may be liquid or ice
depending on prevailing conditions and
terrain altitude.
Robert Schwemmer
111

Orographic
NOAA
Janet Davis
113

Contrail
Roo Reynolds
Rick Chapman
David Peter Robinson
Contrail clouds/Vapour trails are line-shaped
clouds produced by aircraft engine exhaust
or changes in air pressure, typically at aircraft
cruising altitudes several miles above the
Earth’s surface. They are seen at around
5 - 13 km (16,000 - 43, 000 ft) high in the
sky. The mixing of hot exhaust gases from
the engines with cold outside air causes ice
crystals to form on particles in the exhaust.
A contrail evaporates rapidly when the
relative humidity of the surrounding air is low.
If the humidity is high, a contrail may stay
visible as cirrus-like clouds for many hours.
115

Contrail
117

Acknowledgements
Special thanks to Zab Hobart for guiding me
throughout this project for YSDN 4005 Book
Design Fall 2020. Thank you to Crit Group C
members for their feedback and suggestions
throughout our critiques together. Thanks to
my iPhone camera for capturing many of the
photographs used in this cloud photobook.
Credits for photographs used in the “Other
Clouds” section are referenced in the
bibliography as photographs in that section
(other than the photographs on page 92, 116
and 117) were not taken by me.
119

About the Author
Sharyl Man was born in Hong Kong and
moved to Canada at the age of 5. She took
this Book Design course in her final year of
undergraduate studies as a Design student of
the YSDN program at York University and
Sheridan College.
She loves taking photographs of the sky, nature,
and candid moments in life to keep a record
of those precious times. Identifying clouds by
the classification system is not an easy task;
working on this photobook was an eye-opener
for Sharyl as it revealed to her the various types
of clouds that exist. Though this photobook
only displayed cloud photographs from the
main categories of cloud types, there are many
more subtypes to discover in the classification
system so feel free to look them up!
Sharyl hopes readers enjoy the exploration of
cloud classifications within this collection and
welcome readers to share their photographs of
clouds they see to her social media accounts or
through email.
121

Bibliography
ABC Sydney, and Steven Sandner. “Kelvin-Helmholtz Clouds in Berwick,
Victoria. Photo Credit: Steven Sandner.” Facebook, 5 Nov. 2020, www.facebook.
com/abcinsydney/photos/a.364968469014/10159135372044015/?comme
nt_id=10159135377499015.
Chapman, Rick. “Contrail - Rick Chapman: Photography.” Rick Chapman |
Photography, www.rickchapman.com/contrail.
Davis, Janet. “03-Orographic Clouds over Mount Cook-New Zealand.” Janet
Davis Explores Colour, 16 Feb. 2020, www.thepaintboxgarden.com/both-sidesnow/03-orographic-clouds-over-mount-cook-new-zealand/.
Durand, Bernard, and Jim Foster. “Lenticular Cloud Over the French Alps.”
EPOD USRA, 17 Aug. 2014, epod.usra.edu/blog/2014/08/lenticular-cloud-overthe-french-alps.html.
Ecmwf, and Erik Andersson. “A Rare Sight: Kelvin–Helmholtz Clouds as Seen
from ECMWF's Car Park This Morning. Pic.twitter.com/QaPGkyoNEk.” Twitter,
Twitter, 23 Nov. 2017, twitter.com/ecmwf/status/933632674014654464.
Fir0002/Flagstaffotos. “Cumulonimbus Cloud.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia
Foundation, 26 June 2006, simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulonimbus_cloud.
Hader, Bill. “GALLERY: Mammatus Clouds across Green Country.” KJRH, www.
kjrh.com/news/local-news/gallery-mammatus-clouds-across-green-country.
Hahn, Richard H. “Standing Lenticular Clouds Near Long's Peak, Colorado.”
EPOD USRA, 8 Feb. 2019, epod.usra.edu/blog/2019/02/standing-lenticularclouds-near-longs-peak-colorado.html.
Higgins Storm Chasing. “What Are Lenticular Clouds.” Higgins Storm Chasing,
14 June 2018, higginsstormchasing.com/what-are-lenticular-clouds/.
Jessa, Tega. “What Are Cumulonimbus Clouds?” Universe Today, 31 Oct. 2016,
www.universetoday.com/41646/cumulonimbus-cloud/.
Kirpach, Kathleen. “Picture of over the South Moccasin Mountains Right next to
Us, 7 Miles North of Lewistown, Montana, during Tornado Warning.” Facebook,
27 June 2019, www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=507087916698642.
Kris. “Clouds and Corn.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 13 Dec. 2005, www.flickr.com/photos/
kables/6324973/.
McClellan, Megan, and James Stirling. “Mammatus Clouds Make for a
Gorgeous Sky after Tuesday's Storms.” KOKI, 29 Apr. 2020, www.fox23.
com/news/science/mammatus-clouds-make-gorgeous-sky-after-tuesdaysstorms/2GOVVKHDOVDIRH7QHNNJOWUPN4/.
Means, Tiffany. “The 10 Basic Types of Clouds.” ThoughtCo, 29 Aug. 2020,
thoughtco.com/types-of-clouds-recognize-in-the-sky-4025569.
NOAA, et al. “ATSC 113 Weather for Sailing, Flying & Snow Sports.” 6e
Orographic Lift & Lee Shadowing, 2016, www.eoas.ubc.ca/courses/atsc113/
snow/met_concepts/06-met_concepts/06e-orographic-uplift-lee-shadowing/.
Omnisource5. “Lenticular Cloud.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 30 June
2015, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenticular_cloud.
Puiu, Tibi. “The Types of Clouds: Everything You Need to Know.” ZME Science,
20 Jan. 2020, www.zmescience.com/science/types-of-clouds/.
Rao, Joe. “Gallery: Reading the Clouds.” LiveScience, Purch, 11 June 2010, www.
livescience.com/29545-gallery-reading-the-clouds.html.
Reynolds, Roo. “Contrails and Colour.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 4 Feb. 2007, www.flickr.
com/photos/rooreynolds/379752199/in/album-72157594505728563/.
Roberts, Matt. “Austin Mammatus Cloudpocolypse.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 25 May 2015,
www.flickr.com/photos/cpgmattr/18119496525/.
Schwemmer, Robert, and NOAA Photo Library. “Orographic Lift of Moist Air
Coming off Ocean Produces Clouds along the Santa Lucia Mountains South of
Monterey. California, Big Sur Coastline. 2005.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 28 Sept. 2010,
www.flickr.com/photos/51647007@N08/5033367878/.
ScienceStruck. “Cumulus Clouds Information.” Science Struck, 10 May 2010,
sciencestruck.com/cumulus-clouds-information.
Scott, Rick, and Jim Foster. “Lenticular Clouds Over the Argus Range.” EPOD
USRA, 6 Dec. 2018, epod.usra.edu/blog/2018/12/lenticular-clouds-over-theargus-range.html.
Tesche, Matthias, and David Peter Robinson. “Aircraft Contrails Make Clouds
Brighter – New Study.” The Conversation, 21 June 2016, theconversation.com/
aircraft-contrails-make-clouds-brighter-new-study-61388.
The University of Manchester. “Clouds.” Cloud Classification (Centre for
Atmospheric Science – The University of Manchester), www.cas.manchester.
ac.uk/resactivities/cloudphysics/background/classification/.
TyeDyeTwins. “Cumulonimbus Clouds.” SummitPost.org, 28 June 2009, www.
summitpost.org/cumulonimbus-clouds/524982.
UCAR. “Cloud Types.” Cloud Types | UCAR Center for Science Education,
2019, scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/clouds/cloud-types.
WMO, and June Grønseth. “Fluctus.” International Cloud Atlas, World
Meteorological Organization, 11 May 2014, cloudatlas.wmo.int/en/cloudssupplementary-features-fluctus.html.
Young, Pate. “Cumulonimbus – Well-Developed Cumulonimbus Clouds Are
Characterized by a Flat, Anvil-like Top (Anvil Dome), Caused by ...: Clouds,
Cumulonimbus Cloud, Cumulus Clouds.” Pinterest, 13 June 2020, www.pinterest.
ca/pin/175499716710681012/.
방탄소년단. “Catching Clouds #RM Pic.twitter.com/YufWmDd0o6.” Twitter,
Twitter, 25 July 2020, twitter.com/BTS_twt/status/1287030767353131008.
123