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164 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK EUROLINK THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN CONVERTING BETWEEN METRIC FASTENER STANDARDS from page 110 DIN 934 and ISO 4032 has equivalent dimensions up to M4. For the majority of the nominal range of sizes for both standards (at least up to M39), the height is different, with the ISO hex nuts from M5 to M39 having a height that ranges from 0.4 – 2.7 mm greater height than their DIN 934 counterparts, depending on the nominal diameter of the hex nut. The WAF is the same for all of the sizes, with the exception of the four sizes that were different for the hex bolts: M10, M12, M14, and M22 with the WAF being approx. 1 mm smaller for the M10, M12, and M14 ISO 4032 hex nuts, and 2mm larger for the M22 ISO 4032 hex nut (this is the exact same size differences in WAF found in the DIN 933/931 to ISO 4017/4014 WAF conversions). As you can see, the dimensional difference is not that vast. Based on dimensions alone, a purchasing agent may be tempted to replace their M30 ISO 4032 hex nuts with DIN 934, especially since the DIN 934 hex nuts are available off the shelf stateside, whereas the ISO 4032s might need to be imported, but this could be misguided. Even though that height is slightly smaller, therefore it might fit the application and the tool used for gripping the nut may be able to account for the 1mm difference, the key is that the proof loads for the ISO 4032 hex nut are greater than the proof loads for the DIN 934 hex nut, therefore an engineer would need to be consulted to ensure that requirements for the application are being met. With the greater proof load of ISO 4032, the dimensional differences and the DIN 934 standard being formally withdrawn, the application may not be able to use the DIN hex nut, therefore sourcing ISO 4032 is essential. Material Differences As we saw with DIN 934 and ISO 4032, sometimes it is not the dimensions alone that effects whether or not two similar standards are considered interchangeable. Sometimes it can be that the materials conforming to a standard have been changed. This can be due to the removal or addition of steel types, grades or classes. This can also be due to new mechanical property requirements of the fastener. A perfect example of this is with DIN 125 flat washers versus the ISO 7089/7090 counterparts. To clarify, DIN 125 has two types: A and B. DIN 125 A is without chamfer and correlates with ISO 7089, whereas DIN 125 B has the chamfer and correlates with ISO 7090. I refer to that as standards clarification, and this splitting or combining of standards (though usually splitting when going from DIN to ISO) is another factor worth considering when making interchangeability decisions, but it’s usually not a critical factor, it might just make sourcing a bit easier though by means of using correct nomenclature. While many sourcing agents often consider DIN 125 to be interchangeable with its ISO counterparts due to the dimensional differences generally not being significant to their applications, they may be mistaken, because there is a material difference at play that very well may affect sourcing decisions. DIN 125 washers have a hardness class of 140 HV, whereas the ISO standard removed the 140HV hardness class and replaced it with 200 HV and 300 HV, therefore the lowest acceptable hardness is 200HV, which is necessary for use with higher carbon steels like class 8.8 steel, and a higher hardness class is available at 300HV, which is typically recommended for class 10.9 and 12.9 steels (absolutely necessary at 12.9). For sake of convenience and/or cost savings, or possibly due to ignorance, these recommendations are often ignored in practice. Nominal Size Differences Similar to standard clarification or splitting, differences in nominal sizes are not normally an issue that affects procurement, but it may be worth considering, especially when making recommendations or designing products. Nominal size differences can consist of excluding specific sizes (usually second or third class diameters), adjusting the nominal range, or changing the nomenclature of the size identification. CONTINUED ON PAGE 165
THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 165 EUROLINK THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN CONVERTING BETWEEN METRIC FASTENER STANDARDS from page 164 The hex socket set screws (DIN 913, 914, 915 and 916) and their ISO counterparts (ISO 4026, 4027, 4028, and 4029 respectively) are a perfect example of second or third class diameters being excluded. The ISO hex socket set screw standards have the M1.4, M1.8, M14, M18 and M22 diameters, which are all second class diameters, omitted. These standards also have a material change as well, in that stainless steel grades were introduced to the ISO standard, so while they are generally considered interchangeable, if someone is looking for a stainless steel M18 hexagon socket set screw with flat point, then they could be in a bind. This would certainly be worth considering at the product engineering stage. The DIN 934 and ISO 4032 conversion is a good example of an adjustment to the nominal range. As the nominal range for ISO 4032 is only M1.6 to M64, sizes below M1.6 and sizes above M64 will be harder or impossible to source from stock to the ISO 4032 standard. Sometimes the issue is simply nothing more than how a specific part is communicated. Some nuts and washers have converted from calling out the specific diameter of the fastener to the diameter of the screw with which the nut or washer could fasten. For example, a ø5.3 DIN 125 A would simply be a ø5 ISO 7089. For more information on specific DIN to ISO conversions, be sure to check out Eurolink’s blog and vlog (https:// eurolinkfss.com/vlog/). You can also download a free copy of our basic DIN to ISO Conversion Guide here: https://info. eurolinkfss.com/din-iso-chart. _________________________________________________ About The Author - London Penland, ex-teacher, tutor and educational non-profit leader and current business development director for Eurolink Fastener Supply Service and Social Chair/Educational Director for Young Fastener Professionals, empowers sales reps, purchasing agents and sourcing agents with researched industry-specific educational videos and articles. LONDON PENLAND | EUROLINK FASTENER SUPPLY SERVICE
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