WINTER 2021

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112 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK LARRY BOROWSKI WRENCH HEIGHT GAGING FOR HEX, HEX WASHER AND HEX FLANGE HEAD FASTENERS from page 32 If the across corners of the hex are below the specified minimum size and/or the length of the properly formed hex portion is too short, the flats of the socket driver are more likely to slip over the corners of the hex instead of rotating the fastener. When this is the case, some, if not most of the torque is absorbed in deforming the fastener head instead of tightening the fastener. This results in under tightened fasteners due to slippage of the socket or wrench along with rounding of the hex corners. The reason the gaging rings were incorporated into the hex design specifications is because of the difficulty associated with making an accurate measurement of the across corners size with measuring instruments like micrometers and calipers. The measurement of the wrenching height is impossible to make using standard hand instruments or optical comparators. ASME B18.6.3 & ASME B18.6.5M Wrenching Height Gaging For Hex And Hex Washer Heads When using the single gaging ring method, the wrenching height dimension is somewhat difficult to measure, but it can be done with reasonable accuracy and consistency after a little practice. The single ring methods are a little more difficult to use because a measurement from the underside of the ring down to where the hex stops must be measured. The use of the two ring and three ring methods are simpler, because there use is a GO/NOGO evaluation. When inspecting hex fasteners according to one of the specifications that require the use of the two or three ring gaging methods, the inspector simply stacks the two or three rings on the part in the correct order (the smallest gaging diameter on top, the next larger gaging diameter below the first, and the largest gaging diameter ring on the bottom of the stack), and observes the relationship of the rings to one other. The hex portion of the fastener is acceptable for wrenching height if none of the rings touch one another. ASME And ISO Gaging For Metric Hex Head Flange Fasteners Generally, the top ring’s gaging diameter is the minimum across corners size. This ring’s thickness is not critical. The gaging diameter of the second ring is generally the maximum across corners size, and the thickness is equal to the minimum wrenching height requirement. The bottom or third ring gaging diameter is at least the maximum flange diameter size, and the thickness is equal to the maximum flange thickness. Other gaging has been successfully developed in obtaining wrenching height measurements for use in statistical process control. This gaging can also be quicker and easier to use than the above mentioned ring method. The gage is called a WrencHgt, and consists of a gage body having a gaging diameter equivalent to the appropriate top gaging ring. Also, protruding from around the gaging hole are three pins positioned to clear the max allowable radius at the head to washer junction. CONTINUED ON PAGE 113
THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 113 LARRY BOROWSKI WRENCH HEIGHT GAGING FOR HEX, HEX WASHER AND HEX FLANGE HEAD FASTENERS from page 112 To perform the measurement, the pins are pressed flat against the face of the gage using a surface plate or any other hard flat surface and the indicator is zeroed. The fastener’s hex feature is then aligned with the pins and is pressed up against the gaging diameter. The resultant value shown on the indicator is the wrenching height. Suppliers of external hex drive fasteners must carefully read the specifications for the parts they supply and use the correct gaging method to evaluate wrenching height. Wrenching height is not an insignificant, or an optional inspection characteristic. As stated earlier, wrenching height is vital to achieving correct and consistent fastener tightness in the final assembly. LARRY BOROWSKI | GREENSLADE & COMPANY INC
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The Industrial Fasteners Institute
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WINTER 2021

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