Online Magazine

Laura Vanessa Maury Contreras
Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia
Maria Isabel Fuentes

Phrases and answers
‘Ferdinand de Saussure’
‘If we could embrace the sum of word-images stored
in the minds of all individuals, we could identify the
social bond that constitutes language. It is a
storehouse filled by the members of a given
community through their active use of speaking, a
grammatical system that has a potential existence in
each brain, or, specifically, in the brains of a group of
individuals. For language is not complete in any
speaker, it exists perfectly only within a collectivity.’

Ferdinand de Saussure
Language is what identifies this social link, the
study, Saussure’s language means the system of
grammar in which this has great potential in which
the brain of each one passes a series of words that
this language stores, each brain may have a great
grammar of it, as it helps to identify speech and
helps to have more collectivity.

‘Noam Chomsky’
‘It seems clear that we must regard linguistic
competence-knowledge of a language-as an abstract
system underlying behavior, a system constituted by
rules that interact to determine the form and intrinsic
meaning of a potentially infinite number of
sentences.’

Noam Chomsky
We must have more knowledge about the language,
since there are a series of instructions in which we
must comply with a certain form and meaning in
order to have infinite sentences and correctly made
to their due instruction in which this competence
indicates, we must have more knowledge so that the
language we learn is a bit complex.

‘Michael Halliday’
‘Every text-that is, everything that is said or writtenunfolds
in some context of use; furthermore, it is the
uses of language that, over tens of thousands of
generations, have shaped the system. Language has
evolved to satisfy human needs; and the way it is
organized is functional with respect to these needs.’

Michael Halliday
Text is the most important use of language, if this
didn’t exist in the system, we wouldn’t know that we
are thinking, knowing or creating thousands of ideas
that we need to understand, in which this means that
the text is what we have to say, or write in each
context that we must develop, this text is very
important for speech, as this helps us to say that we
think about and write about each that we think.

‘Noam Chomsky’
‘Linguistic theory is concerned primarily with an
ideal speaker-hearer, in a completely homogenous
speech community, who knows its language
perfectly and is unaffected by such grammatically
irrelevant conditions as memory limitations,
distractions, shifts of attention and interest, errors
(random or characteristic) in applying his knowledge
of the language in actual performance.’

Noam Chomsky
This speaker who knows homogeneous speech
perfectly, according to the study of language, means
that this speaker who knows, doesn’t have
affectations even the most irrelevant and complex
grammar, in what has a great knowledge of this
language; that each speaker needs this theory so that
he isn’t more complex and is understood from this
homogeneous speech.

‘Ferdinand de Saussure’
‘Language is a system of interdependent terms in which the
valve of each term results solely from the simultaneous
presence of the others… (For example). To determine what a
five-franc piece is worth one most know: (1) That it can be
exchanged for a fixed quantity of a different thing, e.g. bread;
and (2) That it can be compared with a similar valve of the same
system, e.g. a one-franc piece, or with coins of another system
(a dollar, etc.). In the same way a word can be exchanged for
something dissimilar, an idea; besides, it can be compared with
something of the same nature, another word. Its value is
therefore not fixed so long as one simply states that in can be
‘exchanged’ for a given concept.’

Ferdinand de Saussure
This language determines that system in
interdependent terms is the value of the
simultaneous presence for others, what we will
achieve is that a word changes in term in a great idea
or is something totally different and that word can
be compared for another word can be compared for
another word or better exchange that word for
nature.

‘Michael Halliday’
‘Spoken and written language, then, tend to display
different KINDS of complexity; each of them is more
complex in its own way. Written language tends to
be lexically dense but grammatically simple; spoken
language tends to be grammatically intricate but
lexically sparse’… ‘The value of having some explicit
knowledge, not only to analyze the texts, but as a
critical resource for asking questions about them.’

Michael Halliday
The language, whether written or spoken, has been
known for its complexity, in what it does, written
language tends to be very dense, whereas spoken
language tends to be intricate, what we must do is
know those types of complexity that this language
has and prepare those complexities for both writing
and speaking, in order to be able to understand for
this work; and have a great linguistics and can be
more understandable but a bit complicated.

Answers
Why Linguistics is definitely considered a science? the
other language areas such as semiotics, philology and
literature.
Linguistics is a science that can be interpreted in the sense
that it implies a careful observation of the relevant
phenomena of the real world, it has been a political point
when qualifying as a science, for that reason there are
great reasons why linguistics is considered a science,
observes and classifies the sounds of speech, words,
languages, and the ways of using language in what makes
it interact instead of organs and all mating behaviors and
plant species.

Philology is a question of history or method in what
is now called historical or diachronic linguistics that
is covered by the title of philology.
Semiotics is a comprehensive study of informational
signs in which many linguists have made
contributions to this field.
Literature can deal with the production of a
language as its basic material, where there is little or
no overlap between two fields, in a similar way;
linguists deal with questions of formality and
informality in the course of the language.

Double articulation
The double articulation of language is a linguistic feature that
deals with the decomposition of the linguistic sign, it is known
as the common characteristic of all languages in which this is
known by two levels in which they are:
The monema: It is the linguistic unit that even the smallest can
mean something in a language; it is also the office to the word
to which it is fixed.
Examples: Friend – ship, Boy – s, Teacher – s, Girl – friend –
s.
The phonemes: they are the meaningless units in which they
articulate with each other to achieve the formation of signs or
words, it is the abstraction of the sounds of human speech.
Examples: /j/: Jet – Ridge, /c, k/: Cat – Back, /ch/: Chick –
Rich, /zh/: Assure – Rouge, /qu/: Quit.

Human language is different from other semiotic
systems, characteristics
The relationship between human verbal language and
semiotic systems are different only perceptible in the
materiality of the linguistic signs.
Linguistics deals with human language which includes
sign languages for the deaf.
Encompasses the various different aspects of conscious
and unconscious forms.
People communicate with each other or collect
information about the world.