API RP 581 - 3rd Ed.2016 - Add.2-2020 - Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
CONTENTS1 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................... 1Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 1Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1Risk Management .......................................................................................................................... 12 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 2Normative ....................................................................................................................................... 2Informative ..................................................................................................................................... 23 PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING ..................................................................................................... 3POF .................................................................................................................................................. 3COF ................................................................................................................................................. 3Risk Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 3Inspection Planning Based on Risk Analysis ............................................................................. 34 STORAGE TANKS ................................................................................................................................. 4Probability of Failure ..................................................................................................................... 4Determination of the Tank Bottom Damage Factor ................................................................... 4Determination of the Tank Bottom Thinning Damage Factor ........................................... 4Determination of the SCC Damage Factors ........................................................................ 6Determination of the External Damage Factors ................................................................. 6Determination of the Brittle Fracture Damage Factors ...................................................... 6Damage Factor Combination for Multiple Damage Mechanisms ..................................... 6Consequence of Failure ................................................................................................................ 6Consequence of Failure Methodology for Storage Tank Courses ........................................... 7Required Properties at Storage Conditions ................................................................................ 7Required Properties at Flashed Conditions ........................................................................ 7Release Hole Size Selection ......................................................................................................... 7Calculation of Release Hole Sizes ....................................................................................... 7Release Rate Calculation .............................................................................................................. 7Storage Tank Course ............................................................................................................. 7Calculation of Storage Tank Course Release Rate ............................................................ 8Estimate the Inventory Volume and Mass Available for Release ............................................. 8Calculation of Storage Tank Course Inventory Mass ........................................................ 8Determine the Type of Release .................................................................................................... 9Estimate the Impact of Detection and Isolation Systems on Release Magnitude .................. 9Determine the Release Rate and Volume for the Consequence of Failure Analysis ............. 9Calculation for Storage Tank Course Release Volume ...................................................... 9Determine Flammable and Explosive Consequences for Storage Tank Courses .................. 10Calculation of Flammable and Explosive Consequences ................................................. 10Determine Toxic Consequences for Storage Tank Courses ..................................................... 10Calculation of Toxic Consequences for Storage Tank Courses ....................................... 10Determine Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Consequences ............................................................. 10Determine Component Damage and Personnel Injury Consequences for Storage TankCourses ..................................................................................................................................................... 10Calculation for Component Damage and Personnel Injury Consequences .................... 10Determine the Financial Consequences ..................................................................................... 10Calculation of Storage Tank Course Financial Consequence .......................................... 10
Consequence of Failure Methodology for Storage Tank Bottoms ........................................... 12Required Properties at Storage Conditions ........................................................................ 12Hydraulic Conductivity for Storage Tank Bottom .............................................................. 12Fluid Seepage Velocity for Storage Tank Bottom .............................................................. 13Calculation of Fluid Seepage Velocity for Storage Tank Bottom ..................................... 13Release Hole Size Selection ......................................................................................................... 13Calculation of Release Hole Sizes ....................................................................................... 13Release Rate Calculation .............................................................................................................. 14Storage Tank Bottom Release Rate ..................................................................................... 14Calculation for Storage Tank Bottom Release Hole Size .................................................. 14Inventory Volume and Mass Available for Release ................................................................... 15Calculation of Storage Tank Bottom Inventory Mass ........................................................ 15Type of Release ............................................................................................................................. 15Impact of Detection and Isolation Systems on Release Magnitude ......................................... 15Release Rate and Volume for the Consequence of Failure Analysis ...................................... 15Storage Tank Bottom Release Volume................................................................................ 15Determine the Financial Consequences ..................................................................................... 16Calculation of Storage Tank Bottom Financial Consequence .......................................... 16Nomenclature ................................................................................................................................. 17Tables ............................................................................................................................................. 21Figures ............................................................................................................................................ 275 HEAT EXCHANGER TUBE BUNDLES ................................................................................................. 28Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 28Background .................................................................................................................................... 28Basis of Model ............................................................................................................................... 28Required Data ................................................................................................................................ 28Methodology Overview ......................................................................................................... 28Probability of Failure ..................................................................................................................... 29Definition of Bundle Failure .................................................................................................. 29Probability of Failure Using Weibull Distribution ............................................................... 29POF Calculation ..................................................................................................................... 30Consequence of Failure ................................................................................................................ 32Risk Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 32Risk Matrix .............................................................................................................................. 32Inspection Planning Based on Risk Analysis ............................................................................ 33Use of Risk Target in Inspection Planning ......................................................................... 33Determine Inspection Recommendation ............................................................................. 33Calculate Characteristic Life at Plan Date .......................................................................... 34Calculation of Risk ................................................................................................................ 34Calculation of Risk ................................................................................................................ 34Bundle Inspect/Replacement Decisions using Cost Benefit Analysis .................................... 34Decision to Inspect or Replace at Upcoming Shutdown ................................................... 34Optimal Bundle Replacement Frequency ........................................................................... 35Nomenclature ................................................................................................................................. 37Tables ............................................................................................................................................. 40Figures ............................................................................................................................................ 446 PRESSURE-RELIEF DEVICES (PRDS) ................................................................................................ 45General ........................................................................................................................................... 45Overview ................................................................................................................................. 45
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CONTENTS
1 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................... 1
Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1
Risk Management .......................................................................................................................... 1
2 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 2
Normative ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Informative ..................................................................................................................................... 2
3 PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING ..................................................................................................... 3
POF .................................................................................................................................................. 3
COF ................................................................................................................................................. 3
Risk Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 3
Inspection Planning Based on Risk Analysis ............................................................................. 3
4 STORAGE TANKS ................................................................................................................................. 4
Probability of Failure ..................................................................................................................... 4
Determination of the Tank Bottom Damage Factor ................................................................... 4
Determination of the Tank Bottom Thinning Damage Factor ........................................... 4
Determination of the SCC Damage Factors ........................................................................ 6
Determination of the External Damage Factors ................................................................. 6
Determination of the Brittle Fracture Damage Factors ...................................................... 6
Damage Factor Combination for Multiple Damage Mechanisms ..................................... 6
Consequence of Failure ................................................................................................................ 6
Consequence of Failure Methodology for Storage Tank Courses ........................................... 7
Required Properties at Storage Conditions ................................................................................ 7
Required Properties at Flashed Conditions ........................................................................ 7
Release Hole Size Selection ......................................................................................................... 7
Calculation of Release Hole Sizes ....................................................................................... 7
Release Rate Calculation .............................................................................................................. 7
Storage Tank Course ............................................................................................................. 7
Calculation of Storage Tank Course Release Rate ............................................................ 8
Estimate the Inventory Volume and Mass Available for Release ............................................. 8
Calculation of Storage Tank Course Inventory Mass ........................................................ 8
Determine the Type of Release .................................................................................................... 9
Estimate the Impact of Detection and Isolation Systems on Release Magnitude .................. 9
Determine the Release Rate and Volume for the Consequence of Failure Analysis ............. 9
Calculation for Storage Tank Course Release Volume ...................................................... 9
Determine Flammable and Explosive Consequences for Storage Tank Courses .................. 10
Calculation of Flammable and Explosive Consequences ................................................. 10
Determine Toxic Consequences for Storage Tank Courses ..................................................... 10
Calculation of Toxic Consequences for Storage Tank Courses ....................................... 10
Determine Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Consequences ............................................................. 10
Determine Component Damage and Personnel Injury Consequences for Storage Tank
Courses ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
Calculation for Component Damage and Personnel Injury Consequences .................... 10
Determine the Financial Consequences ..................................................................................... 10
Calculation of Storage Tank Course Financial Consequence .......................................... 10
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