API RP 581 - 3rd Ed.2016 - Add.2-2020 - Risk-Based Inspection Methodology

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PART 1—INTRODUCTION TO RISK-BASED INSPECTION METHODOLOGY 1-15PVCPWHTRBIREMRHRMPRPBRSIRTSCCSCESFPESOHICSOPSPOSRBSSSSCTANTDSTEELTEMATKSTNOTNTTOFDUFLUNSUTVCEVTWFMTpolyvinyl chloridepostweld heat treatmentrisk-based inspectionrare earth mineralrelative humidityrisk management planrelease prevention barrierRyznar Stability Indexradiographic testingstress corrosion crackingstep cooling embrittlementSociety of Fire Protection Engineersstress-oriented hydrogen induced crackingstandard operating procedurespurious or premature openingsulfate-reducing bacteriastainless steelsulfide stress crackingtotal acid numbertotal dissolved solidstemporary emergency exposure limitsTubular Exchanger Manufacturers Associationtotal key speciesThe Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Researchtrinitrotoluenetime of flight diffractionupper flammability limitunified numbering systemultrasonic testingvapor cloud explosionvisual testingwet fluorescent magnetic (particle) testing
1-16 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5814 Basic Concepts4.1 Probability of Failure (POF)4.1.1 OverviewTwo methods of calculating POF are used within the text: the GFF method and a two-parameter Weibulldistribution method. The GFF method is used to predict loss of containment POF from pressure boundaryequipment. The Weibull distribution method is used to predict POF for PRDs and heat exchanger bundles.4.1.2 GFF Method4.1.2.1 GeneralThe POF using the GFF method is calculated from Equation (1.1).( ) ( )P t gff F D tf = ⋅ MS ⋅ f(1.1)The POF as a function of time, P f (t), is determined as the product of a generic failure frequency, gff, adamage factor, D f (t), and a management systems factor, F MS .4.1.2.2 GFFThe GFF for different component types is set at a value representative of the refining and petrochemicalindustry’s failure data (see Part 2, Section 3.3).4.1.2.3 Management Systems FactorThe management systems factor, F MS , is an adjustment factor that accounts for the influence of the facility’smanagement system on the mechanical integrity of the plant equipment. This factor accounts for theprobability that accumulating damage that may result in a loss of containment will be discovered prior to theoccurrence. The factor is also indicative of the quality of a facility’s mechanical integrity and PSM programs.This factor is derived from the results of an evaluation of facility or operating unit management systems thataffect plant risk. The management systems evaluation is provided in Part 2, Annex 2.A of this document.4.1.2.4 Damage Factors (DFs)The DF is determined based on the applicable damage mechanisms relevant to the materials of constructionand the process service, the physical condition of the component, and the inspection techniques used toquantify damage. The DF modifies the industry GFF and makes it specific to the component underevaluation.DFs do not provide a definitive FFS assessment of the component. FFS analyses for pressurized componentare covered by API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 [1] . The basic function of the DF is to statistically evaluate the amountof damage that may be present as a function of time in service and the effectiveness of the inspection activityto quantify that damage.Methods for determining DFs are provided in Part 2 for the following damage mechanisms:a) thinning (both general and local);b) component lining damage;c) external damage (thinning and cracking);d) stress corrosion cracking (SCC);
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RISK-BASED INSPECTION METHODOLOGY,
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CONTENTSTABLE 2.A.1—LEADERSHIP AN
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PART 2, ANNEX 2.BDETERMINATION OF C
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2.B.8 AMINE CORROSION .............
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Risk-Based Inspection MethodologyPa
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CONTENTSOVERVIEW ..................
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PART 3CONSEQUENCE OF FAILURE METHOD
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4.6.5 Releases to the Environment .
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5.9.7 Determination of Final Toxic
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CONTENTS3.A.1 GENERAL .............
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CONTENTS1 GENERAL………………
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PART 5SPECIAL EQUIPMENT5-1
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Consequence of Failure Methodology
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API RP 581 - 3rd Ed.2016 - Add.2-2020 - Risk-Based Inspection Methodology

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