The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

gargle, gurgle. 2. The sound produced by the throat (voice) or sound in general, particularly of noises or
sounds either inarticulate, confused & indefinable or natural sounds striking enough per se to form a
sufficient means of recognition (i. e. name) of the animal which utters this sound (cuckoo, e. g.). To be
divided into: A. palatal group ("light" sounds): squeak, yell, giggle, etc., applied to -- (a) Animate Nature:
the cackling, crowing noise of Palmipeds & related birds, reminding of laughter (heron, hen, cock; cp. P.
koñca, Lat. gallus) -- (b) Inanimate Nature: the grinding, nibbling, trickling, dripping, fizzing noises or
sounds (P. galati, etc.). B. guttural group ("dark" sounds): groan, growl, howl, etc., appld to -- (a) Animate
N.: the snorting, grunting noise of the Pachyderms & related quadrupeds (elephant, op. P. koñca, kuñjara;
pig, boar) -- (b) Inanimate N.: the roaring, crashing, thundering noises (P. ga)aga)!yati, ghurughur!yati). 3.
The sound as indicating motion (produced by motion): A. palatal group ("sharp" sounds, characteristic of
quick motion: whizz, spin, whirl): P. gaggaraka whirlpool, Gr. kerki/s spindle, bobbin. B. guttural group
("dull" sounds, characteristic of slow and heavy motion: roll, thud, thunder). Sometimes with elimination of
the sound -- element appld to swelling & fullness, as in "bulge" or Gr. sfarage/w (be full). These three
categories are not always kept clearly separate, so that often a palatal group shifts into the sphere of a
guttural one & vice versa. -- The formation of k!l gI! roots is by no means an extinct process, nor is it
restricted to any special branch of a linguistic
-- 247 --
family, as examples show. The main roots of Idg. origin are the foll. which are all represented in P!li
(the categories are marked acc. to the foregoing scheme 1, 2A, 2B, 3): kal (2A): kla/zw, clango, Goth.
hlahjan laugh; k!r (2 A): kh_ruc, Sk. k!ru (cp. P. kitti), c!rmen; kel (2 A): ke/lados, calo (cp. P. kandati),
Ohg. hellan; ker (2 Aa): karkai/rw, ko/rkoros=querquedula=kakkara (partridge); kol (2 B): cuculus, kokila
(a); kol!hala and hal!hala (b); kor (2 Ba): cornix (cp. P. k!ka), corvus=crow=raven; Sk. kro$ati; P. koñca. -
- g9el (1) Lat. gula, glutio, de/lear; g9er: (1) bo/ros, bibrw/skw, Lat. voro, Sk. girati, Ohg. querka; (3)
ba/raqron (whirlpool) Sk. gargara: gel (1) Sk. gilati, Ohg. kela -- gal (2 A): gallus (a) gloria (b); gar (2 Ab):
gh_rus, garrulus, Ohg. kara: gel (2 A): xelidw/n (a) hirrio (to whine), Ohg. gellan (b): ger: (1) gargari/zw
(gargle) Sk. gharghara (gurgling). (2 Aa) ge/ranos = crane, Ger. krähen, Lat. gracillo (cackle); (2 Ba) Ohg.
kerran (grunt), Sk. g%*!ti (sing); (2 Ab) Sk. jarate (rustle); gur (2 Ba): gru/zw=grundio= grunt; Lat.
gurgulio; Sk. ghurghura. With special reference to P!li formations the foll. list shows a few sound roots
which are further discussed in the Dictionary s. v. Closely connected with Idg. k!l gI! is the P!li cerebral &, t1,
), *, so that roots with these sounds have to be classed in a mutual relation with the liquids. In most cases
graphic representation varies between both (cp. gala & ga)a) -- kil (ki*) (2 Ab): kik" (cp. Sk. k%ka˚),
kilikil!yati & kinki*!yati (tinkle), kili (click), kinka*ika (bell); kur (2 B): !kurati to hawk, to be hoarse;
kha& (1) kha&akha&a (hawking), k!kacchati (snore); (2 Aa) kukku&a (cock); gal (1) gala (throat) uggilati
(vomit); (2 Ab) galati (trickle): (2 Ba) Pk. galagajjiya (roar) & guluguliya (bellow); (2 Bb) ga)aga)!yati
(roar); gar (2 A); gaggara (roar & cackle, cp. Sk. gargara to 3); (2 B); gaggar!yati (roar); (3) gaggaraka
(whirlpool); ghar (1) Sk. gharghara (gurgling); (2 Ab) gharati (trickle), Sk. ghargharik! (bell); (2 Bb)
ghurughur!yati (grunt). -- See also kakaca, kanka, kanka*a, cakora (cankora), cakkavaka, jagghati,
ci&ici&!yati, ta&ata&ayati, timingala, papph!sa.
Galaka
Galaka (nt.) throat J iii.481; iv.251.
Ga)a
Ga)a [same as gala, see note on prec.] 1. a drop, i. e. a fall: see ga)!gala. -- 2. a swelling, a boil (=ga*.a) J
iv.494 (matt! gaj! bhinnaga)! elephants in rut, with the temple -- swellings broken; expl. p. 497 by mada'
ga)ant!); Sn 61 (? v. l. ga*.a). -- 3. a hook, a fishhook Sn 61 (?), expl. at SnA 114 by !ka..hanavasena
ba)iso. ga)!ga)a' gacchati to go from drop to drop, i. e. from fall to fall, w. ref. to the gatis J v.453 (expl. by
ap!ya' gacchati).
Ga)aga)!yati