The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Mukha (nt.) [Vedic mukha, fr. Idg. *mu, onomat., cp. Lat. mu facere, Gr. muka/ omai, Mhg. m(gen, Lat.
m(gio to moo (of cows), to make the sound "moo"; Ohg. m!wen to cry, muckazzen to talk softly; also Gr.
mu_qos word, "myth"; Ohg. m(la =Ger. maul; Ags. mule snout, etc. Vedic m(ka silent, dumb=Lat.
mutus=E. mute] 1. the mouth Sn 608, 1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pah(ta -- jivha, of the Buddha or
Mah!purisa); J ii.7; DA i.287 (utt!na˚ clear mouthed, i. e. easy to understand, cp. D i.116); PvA 11, 12
(p(ti˚), 264 (mukhena). -- 2. the face J vi.218 (u**aja m.); PvA 74, 75, 77; ˚' karoti to make a face (i. e.
grimace) Vism 343. -- adho˚ face downward Vin ii.78; opp. upari˚ (q. v.); assu˚ with tearful face Dh 67;
PvA 39; see assu. -- dum˚ (adj.) sad or unfriendly looking J ii.393; vi.343; scurrilous J v.78; bhadra˚
brightfaced PvA 149; ruda˚ crying Pv i.112. -- 3. entrance, mouth (of a river) Mhvs 8, 12; !ya˚ entrance (lit.
opening), i. e. cause or means of income DA i.218; ukk!˚ the opening of a furnace, a goldsmith's smelting
pot A i.257; Sn 686; J vi.217; 574. ubhato -- mukha having 2 openings M i.57. sandhi˚ opening of the cleft
PvA 4. Hence: -- 4. cause, ways, means, reason, by way of J iii.55 by way of a gift (d!namukhe); iv.266
(bah(hi mukhehi). -- ap!ya˚ cause of ruin or loss A ii.166; iv.283. -- 5. front part, front, top, in "s!˚ of the
carriage pole S i.224=J i.203. Hence: -- 6. the top of anything, front, head, best part; adj. topmost, foremost
Sn 568 (aggihutta -- mukh! yaññ!), 569 (nakkhatt!na' mukha' cando; cp. Vin i.246); VbhA 332
(=uttama', mukha -- bh(ta' v!). -- Der. adj. mokkha & p!mokkha (q. v.). Note. A poetical instr. sg.
mukhas! is found at Pv i.23 & i.32, as if the nom. were mukho (s -- stem). -- The abl. mukh! is used as adv.
"in front of, before," in cpd. sam˚ & param˚, e. g. PvA 13. See each sep. -- !dh!na (1) the bit of a bridle M
i.446; (2) setting of the mouth, i. e. mouth -- enclosure, rim of the m.; in m. sili&&ha' a well -- connected,
well -- defined mouth -- contour DhsA 15 (not with trsl. "opens lightly," but better with note "is well
adjusted," see Expos. 19, where write ˚!dh!na for ˚!d!na). -- !siya (? cp. !sita1) to be eaten by the mouth
DhsA 330 (mukhena asitabba). -- ullokana looking into a person's face, i. e. cheerful, bright, perhaps also
flattering DhA ii.193 (as ˚olokana). -- ullokika flattering (cp. above) Nd1 249 (puthu Satth!r!na' m.
puthujjana); PvA 219. -- odaka water for rinsing the mouth Nd2 391=Miln 370; VvA 65; DhA ii.19; iv.28.
-- ja born in (or from) the mouth, i. e. a tooth J vi.219. -- tu*.a a beak VvA 227 [cp. BSk. mukhatu*.aka
Divy 387]. -- dugga one whose mouth is a difficult road, i. e. one who uses his mouth (speech) badly Sn
664 (v. l. ˚dukkha). -- d(si blemishes of the face, a rash on the face DA i.223 (m. -- dosa ibid.). -- dv!ra
mouth opening PvA 180. -- dhovana -- &&h!na place for rinsing the mouth, "lavatory" DhA ii.184. --
puñchana wiping one's mouth Vin i.297. -- p(ra filling the mouth, a mouthful, i. e. as much as to fill the
mouth J vi.350. -- p(raka mouth -- filling Vism 106. -- bheri a musical instrument, "mouth -- drum,"
mouthorgan (?) Nd2 219 B; SnA 86. -- makka&ika a grimace (like that of a monkey) of the face J ii.70, 448
(T. makka&iya). -- va&&i "opening -- circumference," i. e. brim, edge, rim DhA ii.5 (of the Lohakumbhi
purgatory, cp. J iii.43 lohakumbha -- mukhava&&i); DhA iii.58 (of a gong). -- va**a the features PvA 122,
124. -- vik!ra contortion of the mouth J ii.448. -- vik(*a (=vik!ra) grimace SnA 30. -- sankocana distortion
or contraction of the mouth, as a sign of displeasure DhA ii.270; cp. mukha -- sankoca Vism 26. -- saññata
controlling one's mouth (i. e. speech) Dh 363, cp. DhA iv.93.
Mukhara
Mukhara (adj.) [cp. Sk. mukhara; fr. mukha] garrulous, noisy, scurrilous S i.203; v.269; A i.70; iii.199,
355; Th 1, 955; Sn 275; J iii.103; DhA ii.70 (ati˚); PvA 11. -- opp. amukhara M i.470; Th 1, 926; Pug 35;
Miln 414.
Mukharat!
Mukharat! (f.) [fr. mukhara] talkativeness, garrulousness, noisiness DhA ii.70.
Mugga
Mugga [Vedic mudga, cp. Zimmer, Altind. Leben 240] a kind of kidney -- bean, Phaseolus mungo, freq.
combd with m!sa2 (q. v.). On its size (larger than s!sapa, smaller than kal!ya) see A v.170 & cp. kal!ya. --
D ii.293; M i.57 (+m!sa); S i.150; J i.274, 429; iii.55; vi.355 (˚m!s!); Miln 267, 341; SnA 283. -- s(pa
bean -- soup Vism 27. -- s(pyat! "bean -- soupcharacter," or as Vism trsl. 32 has it "bean -- currytalk"; fig.
denoting a faulty character, i. e. a man who behaves like bean -- soup. The metaphor is not quite